Abnormal Heart Sounds
This content delves into the identification and interpretation of abnormal heart sounds in cardiology. It covers the characteristics of heart sounds S1 and S2, different murmurs, timing of heart sounds, loudness scale, and the pitch of heart sounds. Gain insights into distinguishing between normal and abnormal heart sounds for diagnostic purposes in cardiovascular assessments.
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Presentation Transcript
CSI 201 - Skills Lab 3 Abnormal Heart Sound Daryl P. Lofaso, M.Ed, RRT
Heart Sounds S1: lub occurs at the beginning of systole (mitral and tricuspid close) S2: dub marks the start of diastole, (aortic and pulmonic close) S3: early signs of CHF (ventricular gallop) S4: pulmonic stenosis, aortic stenosis, hypertension, MI & cardiomyopathy (atrial gallop)
Cardiac Murmurs Three Main Factors High flow rate through normal or abnormal orifices Forward flow through a constricted or irregular orifice or into a dilated vessel or chamber Backward or regurgitant flow through an incompetent valve, septal defect, or patent ductus arteriosus.
Timing of Heart Sounds Systolic: Between S1and S2 Holosystolic: continuous throughout systole Diastolic: Between S2and S1
Loudness Scale: 1-6 Grade 1: Very faint Grade 5: Loud with palpable precardical thrill Grade 6: Audible even when the stethoscope is lifted off chest
Heart Sounds: Pitch Low-velocity low pitched rumbling (mitral stenosis) Large diastolic pressure gradient high pitched murmur (aortic regurgitation)
