Addressing Teacher Shortages Through Social Issue Awareness

SOCIAL ISSUES IMPACTING THE TEACHER SHORTAGE Jodi Newby May 8, 2023

Growing, worldwide problem In US 2018 approximately half actively looking 53% looking for new profession nationwide core subject shortages Indiana 2022 95% districts report shortages 60% science shortages 58% math shortages 91% emergency licenses 55% teachers outside licensed area 37% fulltime subs covering positions The Teacher Shortage Expected job growth 2020 to 2030 5% per year 77,900 positions per year

Portage Township Schools Teacher Shortage and Retention survey 196 responses out of 407 teachers

ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED Problems and Solutions Problems and Solutions Mental Health and Burnout Anti-LGBTQ Legislation Racial Disparities with Teachers and Students Gendered Imbalance of Invisible Labor

MENTAL HEALTH AND THE TEACHER SHORTAGE: The Problem Burnout vs. demoralization Depression more common with teachers Mental health and retention Teacher/student mental health US DOE teacher mental health major issue of concern Educational crisis that impedes learning Since COVID 27% increase in clinical depression 37% increase in anxiety disorders 19% increase in alcohol consumption Stress-caused disability and missed work

MENTAL HEALTH AND THE TEACHER SHORTAGE: Possible Solutions Populations most affected Womenand Teachers of color Low pay- Indiana ranks last Districts- be intentional with mental health SEL interventions Teaching performance vs. intrapersonal development Insurance policies- mental health services Promote physical activity 2 times per week Early burnout education and intervention 10% leave year 1 12% more year 2 40-50% leave by year 5 Administrators- know signs of teacher burnout

Portage Township Schools

ANTI-LGBTQ LEGISLATION AND THE TEACHER SHORTAGE: The Problem Don t Say Gay and No Promo Homo (NPH) Fear legal repercussions Laws at odds with personal values Children as young as preschool: Boys- gendered power over girls bodies Sense of heteronormativity Rules of sexuality Silence not neutral Indiana HB 1608 Up to 3rd grade All grades Florida HB1557- Dangerously vague Teachers petrified - fired, fined, or jailed LGBTQ teachers and allies

ANTI-LGBTQ LEGISLATION AND THE TEACHER SHORTAGE: Possible Solutions ACLU prepares lawsuits in many states Tinker vs. Des Moines Independent School District Neutrality teaches heterosexuality good, anything else bad Harm of LGBTQ youth not being represented School districts should be proactive Establish a district stance Establish clear-cut policies and procedures

Portage Township Schools If legislation were passed in Indiana which could possibly result in teachers being sued or fired for Using student s chosen pronouns without consent Not informing parent of child s sexual orientation Refusing to remove pictures of same-sex spouse Refusing to remove LGBTQ safe space stickers or rainbow flags from classroom How would this impact your decision to remain a classroom teacher?

TEACHER-STUDENT RACIAL DISPARITY AND THE TEACHER SHORTAGE: The Problem All racial groups, greatest with Black population Post-Brown vs. Board of Ed Black teachers not hired by White admins Black teachers- $2,700 less per year than Whites $52K college debt vs. $25K for Whites Steered toward high minority schools Fewer Black students choose teaching No role models Negative association with school Lack of confidence in academic ability Black applicants less likely to secure teaching position <50% of Black teachers received job offers 77% of White teachers received job offers

RACIAL DISPARITY continued Black children with just 1 black teacher in grades 3-5 Boys less likely to drop out Boys and girls more likely to go to college Only slight difference between 1 Black teacher and 2 or more Score higher on standardized tests Stereotype threat White teachers- lower expectations for Black students White teachers- judge Black students more Students of all races benefit

TEACHER-STUDENT RACIAL DISPARITY AND THE TEACHER SHORTAGE: Possible Solutions Name discrimination in the hiring process Black-sounding names vs. White-sounding names- 50% fewer callbacks Implicit bias training Clear and explicit nondiscrimination and harassment policies Remove names and addresses from applications Multiple interviewers with diverse backgrounds Teacher professional development on implicit and unconscious bias Encourage Black students to enter Teaching Vocational

Portage Township Schools

407 Teachers Race 390 White 8 Black or African American 5 Asian 3 American Indian or Alaskan 1 Hawaiian or Pacific Islander Portage Township Schools Ethnicity 378 Not Hispanic or Latino 29 Hispanic or Latino

Portage Township Schools US News & World Report, 2022

Race of Teachers Portage Indiana White Black Other 0.9 95.8 1.9 4 93 3 Race of Students White Black Ethnicity of Teachers Hispanic or Latino Not Hispanic or Latino Portage vs. Indiana Demographics 53.2 66.4 15.7 12.7 7.1 92.8 1.7 98.3 Ethnicity of Students Hispanic or Latino Not Hispanic or Latino 24.3 75.7 12.8 87.2

GENDERED IMBALANCE OF INVISIBLE LABOR AND THE TEACHER SHORTAGE: The Problem Invisible labor Emotional labor Female faculty more likely Societal expectations Black women- more disproportionate Motherhood imagery Ubiquitous across cultures and nations Necessary tasks and activities- no compensation or advancement Surface Acting vs. Deep Acting Negative mental and physical health outcomes 40% consider leaving job due to chronic exhaustion or stress

GENDERED IMBALANCE OF INVISIBLE LABOR continued Women work harder for advancement than men Hallway Asks Women- 200 hours more invisible work per year Women volunteer Women are asked to volunteer Women judged harshly for not volunteering

GENDERED IMBALANCE OF INVISIBLE LABOR AND THE TEACHER SHORTAGE: Possible Solutions Systemically Cultural shift to elevate teaching profession Calling vs. career Legislators must increase funding Institutionally Offer credit for invisible labor Create explicit definition Acknowledge as indispensable Individually Set boundaries Negotiate equitable division of labor Acknowledge value of feminized labor and negotiate compensation

Portage Township Schools

Portage Township Schools

District Recommendation Costs of teachers leaving Nationally $8.5 billion Districts $8.5-20K per teacher who leaves Create District-Level Teacher Retention Liaison Teacher Retention Job Description (see handout) Coordinate with HR, administrators, and mentors Provide support for all teachers, focus years 1-3 Develop relationships with teachers and mentors Collaborate with building and district administrators Assist with onboarding activities for new teachers Build relationships with colleges/universities. attend recruitment events

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