Advancements in Next-Generation Display Technologies
Explore the evolution of display technologies beyond LCD, Plasma, and OLED, with a focus on Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) advancements from leading companies like Sony, LG, Samsung, and Panasonic. Discover the potential of OLED for future consumer electronics based on recent progress and research findings.
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Presentation Transcript
Next generation of display technology Next generation of display technology is any display technology considered likely to outperform LCD , Plasma and even OLED technologies in the future. There are many technologies in experimental stage that promise to be the next display technology for use in the market. The most known, at the moment, technologies are the following
Display technology Companies involved Status In April 2007, Sony announced it would manufacture 1000 11-inch OLED TVs per month for market testing purposes. On October 1, 2007, Sony announced that the 11-inch model, now called the XEL-1, would be released commercially; the XEL-1 was first released in Japan in December 2007. Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Sony, LG,Samsung, Panasonic As of 2010, LG produces one model of OLED television, the 15 inch 15EL9500[4]and has announced a 31" OLED 3D television for March 2011. On February 17, 2011, Sony announced its 25" OLED Professional Reference Monitor aimed at the Cinema and high end Drama Post Production market.
The first OLED TVs started to hit the shelves in 2013 but they were few and far between, and expensive. These sets gave us a glimpse at what all the fuss was about, with a revolution in picture quality and slim-line design promised - a 4K OLED TV became the holy grail in many AV enthusiasts' minds But that promise appeared to wane somewhat during 2014. First there was news that Sony and Panasonic had ended an OLED TV production partnership in order to focus on 4K Ultra HD TV production, and at CES that year LG was the sole manufacturer to show off a new range of OLED models.
In 2015 we saw some progress. We've seen new LG OLED TVs this year (but none from Samsung), while Sony is "looking into OLED". We also reviewed the first curved 4K OLED TV and have seen plenty of OLED smartphone screens, such as the Samsung Galaxy S6 Edge. LG Display, one of the key panel manufacturers, is also improving the efficiency of the OLED production process. OLED, therefore, looks like being a viable concern for some of the consumer electronics industry going forward.
Display technology Companies involved Status It is in experimental status but based on the last research papers we can conclude that: Combining electrical switching and light emission in a single device reduces the number of switching thin-film transistors needed in the driving circuit. The device architecture is easy to process and naturally avoids pinholes and shorts between injecting contacts. The processes used to fabricate OLET devices are well-established, electronic and photonic planar technologies. This, in turn, may ease the way to commercializing OLETs in optical communication and optoelectronic systems. Polyera & Organic light-emitting transistor (OLET) Institute for Nanostructured Materials
Nonetheless, exciton quenching and photon loss processes still limit OLED efficiency and brightness. Organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs) are alternative, planar light sources combining, in the same architecture, the switching mechanism of a thin-film transistor and an electroluminescent device. Thus, OLETs could open a new era in organic optoelectronics and serve as test beds to address general fundamental optoelectronic and photonic issues.
"OLET is a new light-emission concept, providing planar light sources that can be easily integrated in substrates of different nature silicon, glass, plastic, paper, etc. using standard microelectronic techniques," Michele Muccini, a researcher at the Institute of Nanostructured Materials (ISMN) in Bologna, Italy, explains to Nanowerk. "The focus of OLET development is the possibility to enable new display/light source technologies, and exploit a transport geometry to suppress the deleterious photon losses and exciton quenching mechanisms inherent in the OLED architecture."
A publication from a team at the Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials (Bologna, Italy) reports recent developments relating to Organic Light-Emitting Transistors (OLETs). These are a type of organic device that combines the current modulating function of a transistor with light emission. One feature that makes these devices interesting is that they offer the potential for improved efficiency as compared to conventional active matrix/OLED devices.
The so-called ambipolar OLET allows transport of both positive (hole) and negative (electron) charges. The ambipolar regime is characterized by hole accumulation next to the source electrode and electron accumulation next to the drain electrode. This is indicated in the illustration of the device structure presented in the left hand figure below. A conventional OLED is illustrated on the right in which the charges move vertically.
The recombination of electron and hole currents moving in-plane is controlled by the gate electrode. The intensity of the electroluminescence can be adjusted by the voltages applied at both the drain and the gate electrodes. It follows that, in the OLET device, the position of the recombination zone can be moved within the transistor channel by varying these applied voltages. As explained in the article, one advantage inherent in the structure of an OLET device is the potential for higher electroluminescence quantum efficiency. This, in turn, leads to higher efficiencies overall as demonstrated in experimental results published by the team.
Trilayer OLET device structure and active materials forming the heterostructure. Schematic representation of the trilayer OLET device with the chemical structure of each material making up the device active region. The field-effect charge transport and the light-generation processes are also sketched. (Reprinted with permission from Nature Publishing Group)
Display technology Companies involved Status On 18 August 2010, Canon decided to liquidate SED Inc.,a consolidated subsidiary of Canon Inc. developing SED technology, citing difficulties to secure appropriate profitability and effectively ending hopes to one day see SED TVs in the living room. Surface- conduction electron-emitter display (SED) Canon & Toshiba In January 2010, Taiwanese AU Optronics Corporation (AUO) announced that it had acquired assets from Sony's FET and FET Japan, including "patents, know-how, inventions, and relevant equipment related to FED technology and materials". Field emission display (FED) Sony, Motorola, AU Optronics In November 2010,Nikkei reported that AUO plans to start mass production of FED panels in the fourth quarter of 2011, however AUO commented that the technology is still in the research stage and there are no plans to begin mass production at this moment.
Display technology Companies involved Status On January 7, 2008, at an event associated with the Consumer Electronics Show 2008, Mitsubishi Digital Electronics America, a key player in high-performance red-laserand large-screen HDTV markets, unveiled their first commercial Laser TV, a 65" 1080pmodel. Laser Display Arasor,Mitsubishi, HDI 3D (Quantum dot, Liquid crystal) This Laser TV, branded "Mitsubishi LaserVue TV", went on sale, November 16, 2008 for $6,999.
Display technology Companies involved Status IMOD displays are now available in the commercial marketplace. QMT's displays, using IMOD technology, are found in the Acoustic Research ARWH1 Stereo Bluetooth headset device, the Showcare Monitoring system (Korea), the Hisense C108,and mp3 applications from Freestyle Audio and Skullcandy. Qualcomm(iMoD), In the mobile phone marketplace, Taiwanese manufacturers Inventec and Cal-Comp have announced phones with Mirasol displays, and LG claims to be developing 'one or more' handsets using Mirasol technology. UniPixel (TMOS) MEMS display Pixtronix(DMS), tMt, (iMoD, TMOS,DMS) Texas Instruments These products all have only 2-color (black plus one other) "bi-chromic" displays. UniPixel's TMOS and Pixtronix's DMS display technologies could be commercialized within few years.
Interferometric modulator display (IMOD, trademarked mirasol)is a technology used in electronic visual displays that can create various colors via interference of reflected light. The color is selected with an electrically switched light modulator comprising a microscopic cavity that is switched on and off using driver integrated circuits similar to those used to address liquid crystal displays (LCD). An IMOD-based reflective flat panel display includes hundreds of thousands of individual IMOD elements each a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based device. In one state an IMOD subpixel reflects light at a specific wavelength, while in a second state it absorbs incident light and appears black to the viewer, using a diffraction grating effect. When not being addressed, an IMOD display consumes very little power. Unlike conventional back-lit liquid crystal displays, it is clearly visible in bright ambient light such as sunlight.
Display technology Companies involved Status Many expect that quantum dot display technology can compete or even replace liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in near future, including the desktop and notebook computer spaces and televisions. QD Vision, Quantum dot display These initial applications alone represent more than a $1-billion addressable market by 2012 for quantum dot-based components. NanoPhotonica, (QD-LED) Nanosys Other than display applications, several companies are manufacturing QD-LED light bulbs; these promise greater energy efficiency and longer lifetime. LG & Philips,Micron Technology,Forth Dimension Displays Some commercial products do seem to utilize FLCD. Ferro liquid display (FLD)
Display technology Companies involved Status By the end of 2008, iFire Technology was sold by Westaim to a Canadian-Chinese joint venture, CTS Group.[23]Further developments are now awaited. Thick-film dielectric electroluminescent (TDEL) iFire Technology The technology is still in its nascent stages, and the project is unusual for Microsoft, which is not in the display business. There is a possibility that Microsoft will collaborate with a display manufacturer, but commercial production will not begin until at least 2013.[24] Microsoft & Telescopic pixel display (TPD) University of Washington On 25 February 2011, Prysm announced that its high-definition stackable display tiles, powered by its Laser Phosphor Display (LPD) technology, are now available for shipping to customers.[25] Laser phosphor display (LPD) Prysm
