Alcohols and Phenols in Chemistry: Properties and Reactions
Explore the classification, nomenclature, methods of preparation, and chemical properties of alcohols. Learn about unsaturated alcohols, allyl alcohol, and various reactions involving double bonds and hydroxyl groups.
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Presentation Transcript
Alcohols and Phenols - I B.Sc. II year Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur Dr. Tarun Kumar Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry, M. L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur
Alcohols General formula R-OH Alcohols are alkyl derivatives of water or hydroxyl derivatives of hydrocarbons
Classification of Alcohols (i) Classification based upon number of hydroxyl group (ii) Classification based upon nature of carbon atom bearing hydroxyl group
Monohydric Alcohols Nomenclature (i) Trivial system (ii) Derived system (iii) IUPAC system
Monohydric Alcohols Unsaturated alcohols Vinyl alcohols are highly unstable and they quickly tautomerizes to stable keto form acetaldehyde.
Methods of Preparation From alkyl halides
Methods of Preparation Allyl Alcohol 1. From glycerol 2. From propargyl alcohol
Chemical Properties 1. Reactions of double bond (i) Reduction (ii) From halogen (iii) From halogen acid
Chemical Properties (iv) Hydroxylation (iv) Ozonization
Chemical Properties 2. Reactions of OH group (i) With sodium (ii) With fatty acids (iii) With inorganic acids
Chemical Properties (iv) Oxidation
