Aromatic Electrophilic Substitution: Nitration Mechanism
Aromatic electrophilic substitution involves nitration of arenes by introducing a nitro functional group using nitric and sulfuric acid. This process generates a reactive electrophile known as nitronium ion. The mechanism of nitration shows the generation of nitronium ion from various nitrating agents.
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Aromatic Electrophilic Substitution by Dr. Atul Kumar Singh Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry M. L. Arya College, Kasba Purnia -854330 India
Nitration Introduction of an nitro functional group into an aromatic ring using a mixture of nitric and sulphuric acid (or other reagent) is known as nitration of arenes.
The reactive electrophile i.e. the active nitrating agent is a nitronium ion. Generation of nitronium ion from Conc. or fuming Nitric acid Generation of nitronium ion from N2O5 and CCl4
Generation of nitronium ion from mixture of Nitric acid and sulphuric acid
