Assessing Big Deals: Using Cost-Per-Use to Optimize Library Resources
The Carolina Consortium's Buyer's Club for academic libraries facilitates cost-effective deals, with a focus on evaluating big deal usage and cost data. By employing Cost-Per-Use metrics at deal and school levels, institutions can make informed decisions to maximize budget efficiency.
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USING COST-PER-USE TO ASSESS Tim Bucknall (UNCG) BIG DEALS
THE CAROLINA CONSORTIUM Buyer s Club for NC and SC academic libraries Includes 149 community colleges, public universities, and private colleges and universities All deals are opt-in No central funding No formal organization, structure, resources, or committees Nearly 100 current deals (dbs, journals, streaming media, ebooks, discovery tools, library services, etc.) Over 1110 participants (Averaging about 7.5 schools per deal, and about 11 deals per school) Annual cost avoidance of about $240 million
CC BIG DEALS The CC began with 3 Big Deals in 2004- Wiley, Blackwell, and Springer Current Big Deals include ACS (29 schools), ASTM (5), BE Press (19), Brill (23), CUP (22), Duke UP (12), Elsevier College Editions (14), Elsevier Science Direct (14 NC), IGI Global (3), Mary Ann Liebert (56), OUP (28), Sage Premier (22), Springer (47), Wiley (37).
EVALUATING BIG DEAL USAGE AND COST DATA 2004-11 No coordination. Each school responsible for their own data and decision making. Some schools very data driven. Others never looked at data at all. May 2012 CC Meeting. General agreement that we are better off sharing data. I asked vendors for 3 years of data for all CC schools in deals with gross cost over $250,000 (ACS, CUP, Elsevier, OUP, Sage, Springer, Wiley). April 2013 CC Meeting. Shared and discussed data. Summer 2013. Contacted schools with high CPU s. Fall 2013. Large budget cuts for state schools. Some new schools join Big Deals. Some of the highest CPU schools drop out.
CONSORTIUM USE OF CPU CPU establishes the framework for decision making, but is certainly not the only factor considered. Which other factors are considered? It depends on which CPU we are talking about. 1. Deal level CPU 2. School level CPU 3. Title level CPU
USING CPU AT THE DEAL LEVEL Which deal has the best/worst CPU overall? Which deals are getting better/worse over time? Useful at the publisher/consortium level. Less so at the school level.
USING CPU AT THE SCHOOL LEVEL Is my CPU higher/lower than CPU s of other schools? Is my CPU higher/lower than CPU s of peers institutions? Is my CPU getting better/worse over time? Is the rate of change increasing/decreasing?
CY 2009 CY 2010 Number of combined CY 2011 Number of CY 2012 Total Price Number of combined Total Price Number of combined CPU $13.19 Total Price CPU $7.91 CPU Total Price CPU $3,521 $8,783 $4,861 $3,521 $3,521 $13,320 $3,521 $3,521 $14,049 $5,508 $25,034 $3,521 $4,419 $14,706 $19,337 $5,666 $3,521 $33,902 $17,863 $37,822 $17,340 $42,337 $32,222 $8,688 $53,331 $59,877 $5,231 $3,521 267 $3,766 $8,783 $4,861 $3,766 $3,521 $13,320 $3,855 $3,766 $14,811 $5,852 $25,584 $3,766 $4,967 $14,706 $18,590 $5,942 $4,856 $39,111 $18,732 $42,420 $21,244 $46,620 $33,757 $9,243 $56,449 $59,877 $5,528 $3,521 476 41 $214.23 148 $32.84 388 367 2,811 543 490 1,030 985 3,749 730 1,030 2,498 3,489 1,302 759 7,300 4,725 14,917 5,673 19,219 9,290 3,122 30,957 27,803 1,358 2,089 $4,298 $11,205 $5,610 $5,848 $4,698 $16,132 $5,848 $5,848 $18,210 $6,274 $28,712 $5,848 $6,151 $18,011 $21,572 $7,898 $5,090 $43,278 $21,034 $48,284 $24,656 $50,543 $34,428 $10,687 $63,146 $70,165 $5,649 $5,803 146 158 130 372 305 1,441 520 $29.44 canceled $70.92 $43.16 $15.72 $15.40 $11.20 $11.25 #DIV/0! $9.85 $6.78 $5.77 $7.14 $3.33 $6.23 $5.17 $5.05 $6.89 $4.69 $3.55 $2.96 $3.62 $2.35 $3.16 $2.90 $2.38 $2.28 $2.59 $2.24 0 #VALUE! 319 203 570 470 2,023 803 856 3,158 1,036 4,959 1,028 1,510 3,301 4,387 1,611 1,144 10,257 5,447 14,456 7,458 18,841 13,130 4,120 26,563 30,539 2,897 3,862 1,454 115,783 282,185 5 $1,756.65 139 205 303 1,606 516 460 1,744 665 3,803 730 708 2,330 2,204 1,836 714 6,050 3,720 13,605 7,578 16,730 9,029 2,741 31,500 28,360 1,513 1,787 $12,200 $6,111 $6,115 $4,843 $17,621 $6,115 $6,115 $20,959 $6,624 $30,308 $5,966 $8,747 $18,372 $22,845 $8,371 $5,296 $46,781 $22,313 $51,405 $26,185 $53,347 $36,813 $10,901 $68,197 $74,495 $5,762 $6,111 $1,500 $134,334 $724,749 $38.24 $30.10 $10.73 $10.30 $8.71 $7.62 $7.14 $6.64 $6.39 $6.11 $5.80 $5.79 $5.57 $5.21 $5.20 $4.63 $4.56 $4.10 $3.56 $3.51 $2.83 $2.80 $2.65 $2.57 $2.44 $1.99 $1.58 $1.03 $1.16 $2.57 $34.97 $17.18 $11.62 $8.29 $6.82 $7.66 $8.06 $8.28 $6.58 $4.82 $6.24 $6.31 $8.77 $3.09 $4.93 $5.60 $4.80 $2.78 $2.29 $2.53 $3.57 $3.17 $1.69 $2.11 $3.46 $1.97 $9.71 $9.60 $4.74 $7.10 $7.69 $14.38 $5.94 $6.82 $5.16 $4.82 $5.89 $5.33 $4.56 $6.40 $5.36 $3.96 $2.84 $3.74 $2.43 $3.63 $2.96 $1.82 $2.15 $4.07 $1.69 1,848 925 4,975 819 1,848 2,893 4,171 1,564 739 9,220 5,928 16,318 6,814 21,534 10,889 3,681 26,524 30,724 2,184 2,587 $93,482 $574,696 120,522 267,811 $0.78 $104,273 116,679 $2.15 $659,200 276,160 $0.89 $2.39 $452,466 140,848 $3.21
USING CPU AT THE TITLE LEVEL Answers the question - I m in a big deal with high overall CPU. If I drop out of the deal and subscribe to the most heavily used titles, will my cost per use go up or down?
COMPARING 3 MODELS 350 319 304 300 250 186 200 Fifty% Ten+ CC Deal 144 150 122 100 100 60 50 13 9 0 Titles Usage Cost in $100s
Development and Psychopathology Journal of Child Language Speculum Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy118 Politics & Gender Popular Music Journal of Economic History Theatre Survey Social Philosophy and Policy Ancient Mesoamerica New Theatre Quarterly Language Teaching Journal of Policy History Applied Psycholinguistics Studies in Second Language Acquisition Church History: Studies in Christianity and Culture Journal of Latin American Studies Psychological Medicine Annual Review of Applied Linguistics International Organization International Labor and Working-Class History 963 188 45 $605.00 $605.00 $180.00 $489.00 $281.00 $328.00 $268.00 $187.00 $251.00 $422.00 $248.00 $300.00 $109.00 $445.00 $320.00 $135.00 $453.00 $1,504.00 $179.00 $239.00 $127.00 $0.63 $3.22 $4.00 $4.14 $4.19 $4.62 $5.15 $5.19 $5.23 $5.63 $5.64 $5.66 $5.74 $5.78 $5.82 $5.87 $5.88 $6.60 $7.16 $7.47 $7.47 605.00 1,210.00 1,390.00 1,879.00 2,160.00 2,488.00 2,756.00 2,943.00 3,194.00 3,616.00 3,864.00 4,164.00 4,273.00 4,718.00 5,038.00 5,173.00 5,626.00 7,130.00 7,309.00 7,548.00 7,675.00 67 71 52 36 48 75 44 53 19 77 55 23 77 228 25 32 17
USING CPU TO MAKE RENEW/CANCEL DECISIONS Based on the CPU data, we notified schools with CPU over $10 We said that a CPU of $10-19.99 wasn t necessarily a cause for alarm, but should probably be monitored We advised people to look pretty hard at anything over $20 CPU We stated that we considered CPU To be the best single metric To be a flawed metric To be one factor (albeit one of the most influential) among many We included a list of 20 good reasons a school might stay in a high CPU deal
HIGH CPU RENEW/CANCEL RESULTS Our stats showed just 7 instances across all our deals up for renewal where the cost- per-use was over $20 for usage year 2012. In four of those cases, schools decided to stay with the deal. In three cases, schools cancelled. So, we had a 43% cancellation rate for big deals greater than $20 per download. The cancellation rate for schools paying less than $20 per download was 5%. CONCLUSIONS - CPU is a strong factor in the renew/cancel decision - CPU is not the sole factor in the renew/cancel decision
QUESTIONS? Tim Bucknall UNCG, and Carolina Consortium Bucknall@uncg.edu 336-256-1216 http://library.uncg.edu/carolinaconsortium