Atonement Metaphors in Biblical Theology
Explore the various metaphors of atonement in the Bible, including propitiation, victory, expiation, reconciliation, and more. Delve into the theories supported by Biblical metaphors to understand how Christ's death provided for our salvation through different lenses.
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Presentation Transcript
The Atonement Metaphors: Adoption-Dominion vs Wrath-Judicial Theories A Biblical thought-experiment into the possible atonement theories supported by Biblical metaphors Atonement theories are deductions about the mechanism by which Christ s death provided for our salvation
What are the metaphors used to describe the Atonement?
Propitiation - Christs death appeased the wrath of God against his sinful (Rom. 3:25-26; 1 John 2:2). Victory - Through his death, Christ achieved ultimate victory over Satan and the demons (Heb. 2:14-15: 2:15). creatures Col. Expiation - Christ s sacrifice removed the punishment condemnation under which sinful people suffered (Heb. 9:6-15). Reconciliation (Adoption) - Christ s death has taken sinners from being enemies of God to being his friends and children (2 Cor. 5:17-21). The Atonement Metaphors liability to and Example - Christ's death is both a demonstration of God's love and a obedience and suffering for believers to follow (Rom. 5:8; 1 Peter 2:20-21). Redemption - The death of Christ is the payment he offered to God captives out of the slave market of sin (Mark 10:45; 1 Peter 1:18- 19). model of to buy Exchange - The righteousness of Jesus Christ is imputed, or credited, to the account of those who believe in him, and their sin is imputed to him. (2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 5:19).
Propitiation - Christs death appeased the wrath of God against his sinful (Rom. 3:25-26; 1 John 2:2). Victory - Through his death, Christ achieved ultimate victory Satan and the demons (Heb. 2:14-15: 2:15). over creatures Col. Expiation - Christ s sacrifice removed the punishment condemnation under which sinful people suffered (Heb. 9:6-15). Reconciliation (Adoption) - Christ s death has taken sinners from being enemies of God to being his friends and children (2 Cor. 5:17-21). The Victory Over Satan Theory liability to and Example - Christ's death is both a demonstration of God's love and a obedience and suffering for believers to follow (Rom. 5:8; 1 Peter 2:20-21). Redemption - The death of Christ is the payment he offered to God captives out of the slave market of sin (Mark 10:45; 1 Peter 1:18- 19). model of to buy Exchange - The righteousness of Jesus Christ is imputed, or credited, to the account of those who believe in him, and their sin is imputed to him. (2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 5:19).
Propitiation - Christs death appeased wrath of God against his sinful (Rom. 3:25-26; 1 John 2:2). Victory - Through his death, Christ achieved ultimate victory over Satan and the demons (Heb. 2:14-15: 2:15). the creatures Col. Expiation - Christ s sacrifice removed the punishment condemnation under which sinful people suffered (Heb. 9:6-15). Reconciliation (Adoption) - Christ s death has taken sinners from being enemies of God to being his friends and children (2 Cor. 5:17-21). Understanding the Divisive Metaphor liability to and Example - Christ's death is both a demonstration of God's love and a obedience and suffering for believers to follow (Rom. 5:8; 1 Peter 2:20-21). Redemption - The death of Christ is the payment he offered to God captives out of the slave market of sin (Mark 10:45; 1 Peter 1:18- 19). model of to buy Exchange - The righteousness of Jesus Christ is imputed, or credited, to the account of those who believe in him, and their sin is imputed to him. (2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 5:19).
Propitiation - Christs death appeased wrath of God against his sinful (Rom. 3:25-26; 1 John 2:2). Victory - Through his death, Christ achieved ultimate victory over Satan and the demons (Heb. 2:14-15: 2:15). the creatures Col. Expiation - Christ s sacrifice removed the punishment condemnation under which sinful people suffered (Heb. 9:6-15). Reconciliation (Adoption) - Christ s death has taken sinners from being enemies of God to being his friends and children (2 Cor. 5:17-21). Honour liability to and God as a Feudal Lord Example - Christ's death is both a demonstration of God's love and a obedience and suffering for believers to follow (Rom. 5:8; 1 Peter 2:20-21). Redemption - The death of Christ is the payment he offered to God captives out of the slave market of sin (Mark 10:45; 1 Peter 1:18- 19). model of to buy Exchange - The righteousness of Jesus Christ is imputed, or credited, to the account of those who believe in him, and their sin is imputed to him. (2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 5:19).
Propitiation - Christs death appeased wrath of God against his sinful (Rom. 3:25-26; 1 John 2:2). Victory - Through his death, Christ achieved ultimate victory over Satan and the demons (Heb. 2:14-15: 2:15). the creatures Col. Expiation - Christ s sacrifice removed the punishment condemnation under which sinful people suffered (Heb. 9:6-15). Reconciliation (Adoption) - Christ s death has taken sinners from being enemies of God to being his friends and children (2 Cor. 5:17-21). Moral Law God as a Righteous Judge liability to and Example - Christ's death is both a demonstration of God's love and a obedience and suffering for believers to follow (Rom. 5:8; 1 Peter 2:20-21). Redemption - The death of Christ is the payment he offered to God captives out of the slave market of sin (Mark 10:45; 1 Peter 1:18- 19). model of to buy Exchange - The righteousness of Jesus Christ is imputed, or credited, to the account of those who believe in him, and their sin is imputed to him. (2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 5:19).
What is the purpose? Atonement Metaphor Wrath-Judicial Theory Adoption-Dominion Theory Victory Result Result [2] Reconciliation (Adoption) Purpose Purpose [7] Redemption (Ransom) Purpose Purpose [5] Exchange Purpose Purpose [6] Example (Exposure) Result Result [3] Expiation (Sacrifice) Purpose Purpose [4] Propitiation (Indignation) Purpose Result [1]
Propitiation - Christs death appeased the wrath of God against his sinful (Rom. 3:25-26; 1 John 2:2). Victory - Through his death, Christ achieved ultimate victory over Satan and the demons (Heb. 2:14-15: 2:15). creatures Col. Expiation - Christ s sacrifice removed the punishment condemnation under which sinful people suffered (Heb. 9:6-15). Reconciliation (Adoption) - Christ s death has taken sinners from being enemies of God to being his friends and children (2 Cor. 5:17-21). The liability to and Exchange Metaphor Example - Christ's death is both a demonstration of God's love and a obedience and suffering for believers to follow (Rom. 5:8; 1 Peter 2:20-21). Redemption - The death of Christ is the payment he offered to God captives out of the slave market of sin (Mark 10:45; 1 Peter 1:18- 19). model of to buy Exchange - The righteousness of Jesus Christ is imputed, or credited, to the account of those who believe in him, and their sin is imputed to him. (2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 5:19).
The Exchange Metaphor Ransom paid to Satan Dominion of Humanity Appeasement of God Paid BY God Paid BY God Paid BY God Paid TO Satan Paid TO God ? Required BY Humanity Exchange - The righteousness of Jesus Christ is imputed, or credited, to the account of those who believe in him, and their sin is imputed to him. (2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 5:19).
Propitiation - Christs death appeased the wrath of God against his sinful (Rom. 3:25-26; 1 John 2:2). Victory - Through his death, Christ achieved ultimate victory over Satan and the demons (Heb. 2:14-15: 2:15). creatures Col. Expiation - Christ s sacrifice removed the punishment condemnation under which sinful people suffered (Heb. 9:6-15). Reconciliation (Adoption) - Christ s death sinners from being enemies of God to being his friends and children (2 Cor. 5:17-21). Adoption- Dominion Theory liability to has taken and Example - Christ's death is both a demonstration of God's love and a obedience and suffering for believers to follow (Rom. 5:8; 1 Peter 2:20-21). Redemption - The death of Christ is the payment he offered to God captives out of the slave market of sin (Mark 10:45; 1 Peter 1:18- 19). model of to buy Exchange - The righteousness of Jesus Christ is imputed, or credited, to the account of those who believe in him, and their sin is imputed to him. (2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 5:19).
Theological Terms Atonement Metaphor Wrath-Judicial Theory Adoption-Dominion Theory Worldview Summary God s love is subordinate to His moral law (legislative) A creature that forgets its place in the created order God s love results in Fatherly instruction (metaphysical) The image of God destined to be like Him and Sons (heirs) Failure to trust God s intention to do good toward us Sins are a refusal to exercise our agency (O Donovan) Anthropology Sin (the cause) Failure to conform to God s moral law (Grudem) Sins (the results) Sins are specific failures to conform usually manifested in relationships Righteousness is compliance, reflecting God s righteousness (??) Righteousness Righteous is metaphysical, reflecting the love of God
Propitiation - Christs death appeased the wrath of God against his sinful (Rom. 3:25-26; 1 John 2:2). Victory - Through his death, Christ achieved ultimate victory over Satan and the demons (Heb. 2:14-15: 2:15). creatures Col. Expiation - Christ s sacrifice removed the punishment condemnation under which sinful people suffered (Heb. 9:6-15). Reconciliation (Adoption) - Christ s death has taken sinners from being enemies of God to being his friends and children (2 Cor. 5:17-21). The Atonement Metaphors liability to and Example - Christ's death is both a demonstration of God's love and a obedience and suffering for believers to follow (Rom. 5:8; 1 Peter 2:20-21). Redemption - The death of Christ is the payment he offered to God captives out of the slave market of sin (Mark 10:45; 1 Peter 1:18- 19). model of to buy Exchange - The righteousness of Jesus Christ is imputed, or credited, to the account of those who believe in him, and their sin is imputed to him. (2 Cor. 5: 21; Rom. 5:19).
Which theory best fits all the metaphors?
Which fits best? Atonement Metaphor Wrath-Judicial Theory Adoption-Dominion Theory Victory Reconciliation (Adoption) Redemption (Ransom) Exchange Example (Exposure) Expiation (Sacrifice) Propitiation (Indignation)
