BEdA Reporting Requirements for Career and Training Services
Providing guidance and clarification on reporting components required for the BEdA program, focusing on Career and Training Services. Topics covered include Federal Financial Report (FFR) completion, definitions of reporting components, and fulfilling SBCTC/BEdA Federal CAP. The webinar aims to ensure accurate reporting and compliance with federal regulations.
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POLI 213 INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Lecturer: Dr. Emmanuel Debrah, Contact Information: edebrah@ug.edu.gh College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education 2014/2015 2016/2017
Theories of Public Administration (part 1) Session 5 College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education 2014/2015 2016/2017 Slide 2
Session Overview Some interesting approaches have shaped our understanding of public administration. They provide insights into significant dimensions of organizational life and behaviour. They emphasize the character, nature and the relationship between administrators and their organization, and also provide answers to why they do certain things. Slide 3
Session Outline Some topics to be discussed in this sessions are: Topic one: Behavioral Approach (Behaviouralism) Topic two: Ecological of Public Administration Slide 4
Behaviouralism Topic one College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education 2014/2015 2016/2017
Background and Meaning of Behaviouralism The term, behaviouralism was borrowed from John Watson s concept of behaviourism which means the study of empirically observable behaviour of humans and animals. Behaviouralism was inspired by the unprecedented achievement of science after WW2. some scholars became dissatisfied with the traditional approaches that narrowly focused on principles. Slide 6
Background and meaning of Behaviouralism First, behaviouralism means the study of individuals and groups behaviour in organizations. Second, behaviouralism is also about a method. It advocates the use and application of scientific methods such as; field observation, mathematical and statistical analysis, and computer simulations to comprehend administrative behaviours. Slide 7
Scope and Objectives of Behaviouralism Establish a body of knowledge that facilitates understanding and predicting human and group behaviour in organizations. Build a formal scientific theory of administration. Apply scientific methods to solve social or administrative problems. Behaviouralism claims to study administrative phenomena in terms of observed and observable behaviour of men. Slide 8
Scope and Objectives of Behaviouralism interpersonal relations, decision-making, job-satisfaction and motivation,etc. It is concerned with factual issues of human lives in organizations. It lays emphasis on logical positivism and so frowns on value judgments. Slide 9
Importance of Behaviouralism It highlighted the fact that human behaviour is critical to public administration. The emphasis on scientific methods was a major shift from the orthodox study of public administration. Behaviouralism brought sanity in the study of public administration. It encouraged tests and valid principles of universal applicability into the study of public administration. Slide 10
Criticisms against Behaviouralism Value-free approach to public administration makes its study sterile and irrelevant to the vital issues of modern administration. It ignored the non-human factor in the study of public administration. The application of scientific methods such as tests and generalizations in public administration is viewed as unrealistic. Slide 11
SAMPLE QUESTIONS Identify two elements of the behavioural approach. Mention two reasons that show that the application of behaviouralsm in public administration may face some difficulty. Slide 12
Ecology of public administration Topic two College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education 2014/2015 2016/2017
Origin and Meaning of Ecology The term ecology was coined by the German biologist Ernst Haeckel in 1866 to mean the relation between living organisms (plants and animals) and their natural environment. Later, it came to mean the interactions and interconnections between an larger environment within which public administration is situated. examination of how these environmental factors affect public administration. Slide 14
John M. Gaus Views on Ecology of Public Administration Gaus spelt out the seven environmental factors which influence public administration. People the human resource of organizations which also focuses on number, age and knowledge and their effect on their jobs, Place this refers to the climate, soil and location (of the organization) Physical technology the physical equipment with which the people run the organization. Slide 15
John M. Gaus Views on Ecology of Public Administration Social technology the kind of formal organizational structures which provide communication and lay down other forms of relationship between one level and another. Wishes and ideas aspirations, desires and objectives. Catastrophe security, insurance, etc. Personality how leadership affect organizations effectiveness. Slide 16
Robert Dahl and Fred W. Riggs Perspectives Dahl empasized cross-cultural studies of administration (public administration is always influenced by political, social and cultural factors. Riggs noted that administrative institutions are shaped and influenced by the governmental setting and the socio-economic and cultural conditions prevailing in a place. Slide 17
Robert Dahl and Fred W. Riggs Perspectives He identified five environmental factors that affect public administration: Economic fiscal (monetary) system. Social family, religion, class, etc. Symbols codes, myths and consensus Communicative literacy, news paper circulation Political change in the political regime, type of political parties and their ideologies and character of political leadership. Slide 18
Importance of the Ecological Approach It helps explain variations in administrative systems. It emphasizes adaptation to socio-cultural conditions as a means of achieving administrative efficiency. It serves as a tool for comparative studies. Slide 19
SAMPLE QUESTIONS Identify two organizations, one in Accra and the other in a rural district and examine their administrative systems. In three sentences, explain the differences in their administrative behaviours and level of performance Slide 20
references Heady F. (2001). Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective 6th Edition. Marcel Dekker Inc: New York. Riggs, F. W. (1991).Public Administration: A Comparativist Framework, Public Administration Review 51 (6) (Nov. - Dec): 473-477. Sarana, R. R. (2001). Behaviouralism and Political Theory. India: Rawat Publications. Slide 21
