Biochip Technology: Overview, Components, and Applications

www.studymafia.org Seminar On Biochips Submitted To: www.studymafia.org Submitted By: www.studymafia.org

Content Introduction What is Biochip Components Working of a Biochip Types of Biochips Applications Advantages Disadvantages Conclusion References

What is a Biochip? A biochip is a set of diminished microarrays that are placed on a strong substrate that allows many experiments to be executed at the same time to obtain a high throughput in less time. This device contains millions of sensor elements or biosensors.

Introduction The first biochip was invented by an American company namely Affymetrix, and the product of this company is GeneChip (DNA microarrays). These products comprise the number of individual DNA sensors used for sensing defects. Biochip plays an essential role in the field of biology research like systems biology as well as disease biology while the number of clinical applications is rising.

Components 1. The Transponder 2. The Reader

Biochip Transponder 1. Computer Microchip 2. Antenna Coil 3. Tuning Capacitor 4. Glass Capsule

The Reader The reader consists of an "exciter" coil which creates an electromagnetic field that, via radio signals, provides the necessary energy (less than 1/1000 of a watt) to "excite" or "activate" the implanted biochip.

Figure 1. Biochips are a platform that require, in addition to microarray technology, transduction and signal processing technologies to output the results of sensing experiments. Biochips are a platform that require, in addition to microarray technology, transduction and signal processing technologies to output the results of sensing experiments.

Working of a Biochip The reader generates a low-power, electromagnetic field, in this case via radio signals, which "activates" the implanted biochip. This "activation" enables the biochip to send the id code back to the reader via radio signals .

Types of Biochips Biochip Function Position Interaction Capture Implantable External

Applications Tracking and identification devices in animals around 1983 for monitoring fishery Now widely used in monitoring pets and animals in zoos Implanted under the skin of the animal with a unique ID number A biochip can store and update financial, medical, demographic data, basically everything about a person

Applications Biochip as Glucose Detector Biochip as an Blood Pressure sensor Biochips really are potent in replacing passports, cash, and medical records

Advantages 1. To rescue the sick. 2. To find lost people. 3. To locate downed children and wandering Alzheimer s Patients. 4. To identify person uniquely. 5. They can perform thousands of biological reactionsoperations in few seconds. 6. In monitoring health condition of individuals in which they are specifically employed. 7. They can perform thousands of biochemical reactions.

Disadvantages 1. They raise critical issues of personal privacy. 2. They mark the end of human freedom and dignity. 3. They may not be supported by large % of people. 4. There is a danger of turning every man, women, and Child into a controlled slave. 5. Through cybernitic biochip implants people will think and act as exactly pre-programmed. 6. They can be implanted into one s body without their knowledge.

Conclusion Infotech will be implanted in our bodies. A chip implanted somewhere in human bodies might serve as a combination of credit card, passport, driver's license, personal diary. No longer would it beneeded to worry about losing the credit cards while traveling. A chip inserted into human bodies might also give us extra mental power.

References www.google.com www.wikipedia.com www.studymafia.org

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