Blockchain and Safeguards: The Potential of Distributed Ledger Technology for Nuclear Safeguards Information Management
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) offers opportunities for optimizing reconciliation processes, enhancing security breach notifications, ensuring data integrity, and reducing single points of failure in nuclear safeguards. Implementation challenges include political and legal considerations alongside sustainability concerns related to development and maintenance costs.
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Blockchain and Safeguards: The Potential of Distributed Ledger Technology for Nuclear Safeguards Information Management Cindy Vestergaard Cindy Vestergaard Director, Nuclear Safeguards Program, The Stimson Center Thursday, 8 November 2018, 9:00am 10:30am
DLT for an SSAC (Cindy Vestergaard, Stimson Center) Opportunities - optimize reconciliation process, reducing time and costs - immediate notification of security breaches - verifiable, immutable history of transactions/data - avoid risk of single points of failure that could disable the network and makes recovery easier given data is replicated throughout the system - enables data analytics to identify patterns SSAC Operator Operator Goal: Secure streamlining of information flows and SSAC database between operators and SSAC Tech: Permissioned DLT platform (possible use of IoT sensors, AI algorithms, etc) Timeline: 1- 1.5 years: 3-6 months for mapping the SSAC ecosystem, 3-6 months for developing RFP, 3-6 months for first proof of concept Stakeholders Stakeholder engagement early in the process of implementing a new technology is critical: Challenges Political/Legal: Member State acceptability of new technologies -National policies on transmission of sensitive information -Long lag times in adapting national legislation to emerging technologies Sustainability: costs for development and maintenance (routinely updating DLT platform) - Operators (industry and laboratories) - SSAC (national regulator) - Potential to be used for NCAs (see next slide)
DLT for NCAs (2+ SSACs) (Cindy Vestergaard, Stimson Center) IAE A Opportunities - real-time reporting between SSACs - optimize reconciliation process, reducing time and costs - immediate notification of security breaches - replicated data avoids risk of single points of failure - verifiable, immutable history of transactions/data - enables data analytics to identify patterns SSAC SSAC Goal: Secure streamlining of information flows for NCA reporting (and nuclear trade) between 2 or more SSACs Tech: Permissioned DLT platform (possible use of IoT sensors, AI algorithms, etc) Timeline: 1- 1.5 years: 3 months mapping DGR information flows, 3-6 months for developing RFP, 3-6 months for first proof of concept Stakeholders - Operators (industry and laboratories) Challenges Political/Legal: Member State acceptability of new technologies -Natl policies on transmitting sensitive info -Long lag times in adapting national legislation to emerging technologies - SSACs to a specific NCA - Potential for IAEA to be linked in on a specific transfer (thereby improving transit matching) - Regional safeguards regimes such as Euratom and ABACC Sustainability: costs for development and maintenance (routinely updating DLT platform) - NSG to tag and track items
DLT for Operator (DGR) (Cindy Vestergaard, Stimson Center) Opportunities As an emerging facility, operators of DGRs could use DLT from the beginning to: - fully integrate safety, physical security and safeguards considerations with emerging tech - optimize reconciliation process, reducing time and costs - achieve full digital integration and be first to test a proof of concept before operations begin - Real-time reporting to SSAC Goal: long-term data integrity and secure data storage for operator of a deep geological repository (DGR) Tech: Permissioned (possibly even centralized) DLT platform (additional use of IoT sensors, AI algorithms, etc) Timeline: 9-12 months - 3 months for mapping information flows, 3 months for developing RFP, 3-6 months for first proof of concept Stakeholders - DGR operator Challenges Political/Legal: Member State acceptability of new technologies -Natl policies on transmitting sensitive info -Long lag times in adapting national legislation to emerging technologies Tech: reliance on continuous containment and surveillance (C/S) safeguards measures after enclosement Sustainability: costs for development and maintenance (routinely updating DLT platform) - Utilities providing SNF to DGR - SSAC
