Cannabis Product Usage Trends in the United States (2023)
In 2023, data on cannabis product usage among individuals in the United States reveal a variety of consumption patterns. The figures depict the types of cannabis products used, including dried flower, edibles, vaping liquids, concentrates, oral oils, hash, topicals, drinks, and tinctures. The analysis also delves into the number of products used monthly and annually, categorized by state-level cannabis legalization. These insights provide a comprehensive overview of consumer preferences and behaviors regarding cannabis products in the U.S.
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NASEM REPORT Cannabis figures DAVID HAMMONDPhD ON BEHALF OF THE ICPS RESEARCH TEAM
77% 80% 75% 73% 73% FIGURE 1 Type of cannabis products used among individuals who reported using cannabis products in the past 12-months in the United States, 2018-2023 (N=64,054) 70% DRIED FLOWER 59% 58% 59% EDIBLES 54% 50% 45% 44% 43% 40% VAPING LIQUIDS 42% 41% 31% 33% 30% 30% 27% 26% 23% 25% 24% 23% 25% 24% 23% 21% 20% 24% 19% 25% CONCENTRATES ORAL OILS 20% 18% 23% 21% 19% 17% 16% 17% 16% HASH 16% 13% 17% 14% TOPICALS 14% 14% 16% 13% DRINKS TINCTURES 11% 8% 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
FIGURE 2 Type of cannabis products used among individuals who reported using cannabis products in the past 12-months in the United States, by jurisdiction, 2023 (N=15,162) Dried herb Edibles 71% 70% 70% 70% 61% 59% 56% 56% US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states Drops or capsules Vape oils 43% 42% 42% 40% 24% 23% 22% 21% US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states
FIGURE 2 CONT. Type of cannabis products used among individuals who reported using cannabis products in the past 12-months in the United States, by jurisdiction, 2023 (N=15,162) Hash or kief Topicals Solid concentrates 26% 26% 25% 21% 22% 20% 20% 19% 18% 16% 17% 15% US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states Drinks Tinctures 20% 16% 14% 13% 13% 11% 10% 10% US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states
FIGURE 3A Number of cannabis products used monthly among individuals who reported used cannabis products in the past 30-days, 2023 (N=10,214) Five Products Four products 8.0% 6.8% One product Three products 41.4% 14.9% 28.8% Two products
FIGURE 3B Number of cannabis products used in the past 12-months among individuals who reported using cannabis products in the past 30-days, by state-level cannabis legalization, 2023 (N=10,214) Recreational states N=8,326 Medical states N=1,101 Illegal states N=787 Five Products Five Products Five Products Four Four products Four products products 6.2%6.0% 6.3% 9.3% Three products 7.4% 6.9% Three products One product One product 11.7% One product 40.5% 41.3% 15.0% Three products 44.2% 16.0% 31.8% 30.0% 27.4% Two products Two products Two products
FIGURE 4A Heard of novel cannabis and hemp-derived products among all respondents, 2023 (N=39,653) Delta 8 THCA HHC 41% 31% 29% 23% 17% 16% 15% 15% 8% 7% 7% 6% US US illegal US medical US legal US US illegal US medical US legal US US illegal US medical US legal THC-O DELTA 10 THC-P 21% 16% 15% 8% 9% 7% 7% 9% 7% 9% 8% 11% US US illegal US medical US legal US US illegal US medical US legal US US illegal US medical US legal DELTA 4 9% 7% 7% 6% FOOTNOTE To our knowledge, Delta 4 products are not commercially available, and have been included as a bogus comparator. US US illegal US medical US legal
FIGURE 4B Ever use of novel cannabis and hemp-derived products among all respondents, 2023 (N=39,653) Delta 8 THCA HHC 18% 13% 12% 9% 6% 6% 5% 5% 3% 3% 2% 2% US US illegal US medical US legal US US illegal US medical US legal US US illegal US medical US legal THC-O DELTA 10 THC-P 7% 5% 5% 4% 3% 3% 2% 2% 3% 3% 2% 2% US US illegal US medical US legal US US illegal US medical US legal US US illegal US medical US legal DELTA 4 2% 2% 2% 2% FOOTNOTE To our knowledge, Delta 4 products are not commercially available, and have been included as a bogus comparator. US US illegal US medical US legal
FIGURE 5A Cannabis sources in the past 12-months, among past 12-month cannabis consumers (N=15,162) 64% 62% 56% 55% 54% STORES 53% 47% 46% FRIEND/FAMILY 44% 38% 37% 37% 35% 32% 30% 35% 28% 26% DEALER 11% 10% 10% 9% 8% 8% HOMEGROWN 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
FIGURE 5b Cannabis sources in the past 12-months by state-level cannabis legalization- 2023 (N=15,162) Store, co-op, or dispensary Family member or friend 64% 56% 56% 50% 48% 47% 44% 39% US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states Dealer Made or grew my own 38% 29% 28% 23% 10% 8% 6% 5% US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states
FIGURE 6 Use of cannabis for medical or recreational reasons among past 12-month consumer, 2023 (N=15,031) Recreational use only Medical & recreational use Medical use only 54% 52% 49% 47% 36% 33% 32% 25% 20% 14% 13% 11% US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states
FIGURE 7A Price paid for dried flower at last purchase (USD, sales weighted price-per-gram, 2023) (N=6,555) $8.10 $7.90 $7.85 $7.43 US total Illegal states Medical states Legal states
FIGURE 7B Price paid for dried flower at last purchase (sales weighted price-per-gram, legal states from 2018 only*, 2018-2023) (N=12,583) Total Illegal sources Legal sources $9.73 $9.96 $9.48 $9.45 $9.06 $9.31 $9.13 $8.99 $8.90 $7.95 $8.73 $8.86 $8.53 $7.42 $7.26 $7.88 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 FOOTNOTE *Legal states from 2018 include: AK, CA, CO, ME, MA, NV, OR, VT, and WA.
FIGURE 8 Risk of problematic cannabis use among past 12-month consumers (WHO assist scores), 2018- 2023 (N=65,054) Low risk Moderate risk High risk 52% 52% 52% 51% 49% 43% 49% 43% 41% 41% 41% 41% 8% 8% 7% 7% 7% 7% 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Illegal states n=7,208 Medical states n=11,460 Legal states n=45,386 54% 55% 56% 52% 52% 52% 52% 52% 52% 51% 51% 51% 50% 50% 50% 48% 46% 46% 46% 45% 44% 43% 43% 43% 42% 42% 42% 42% 42% 41% 41% 41% 41% 40% 40% 38% 8% 9% 9% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 7% 7% 7% 6% 6% 5% 5% 4% 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
FIGURE 9 Percentage of past 12-month consumers that report knowing the amount of THC in the product they used last, by product category, 2023. 42% 39% 35% 28% 28% 27% 26% 25% 18% Hash/kief Edibles Solid Dried herb Tinctures Vape oils Drinks Liquid drops Liquid capsules concentrates
FIGURE 10 Percentage of past 12-month consumers who report that 30% THYC is a low, medium, or high amount of THC for dried herb, 2022. (n=14,501) Low 12% Don t know 32% 25% Medium 10% Very high 21% High
CONTACT David Hammond PhD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO EMAIL WEB TWITTER @DAVIDHAMMONDPHD DHAMMOND@UWATERLOO.CA WWW.DAVIDHAMMOND.CA
