Cell Division: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells & Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Explore the differences between cell division in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as the distinct processes of mitosis and meiosis. Understand the phases involved, including binary fission, interphase, and the stages of mitotic and meiotic cell division. Discover how chromosome numbers change and the significance of events like crossing over and reduction division.
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Presentation Transcript
Cell Division Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells Cell Cycle reproduce asexually by a type of cell division called binary fission First Interphase G1 (Gap 1) Phase-Cell mature S (Synthesis) Phase-DNA copied G2 (Gap 2) Phase- Cytoplasm increases Meiosis Meiosis occurs in 2 phases; Meiosis I, & Meiosis II Mitosis Second Cell could go through Mitosis Or Meiosis Mitotic phase 1- Prophase II 2- Prometaphase II 3- Metaphase II 4- Anaphase II 5-Telophase II - (cytokinesis) 1- Prophase I 2- Prometaphase I 3- Metaphase I 4- Anaphase I 5-Telophase I - (cytokinesis) 1- Prophase 2- Prometaphase 3- Metaphase 4- Anaphase 5-Telophase - (cytokinesis)
Differences in between Mitosis and Meiosis cell division Differences in between Mitosis and Meiosis cell division There are two cell divisions (Meiosis I and Meiosis II) involves in meiosis cell division. As a results of Meiosis cell division, one parent cell gives 4 daughter cells & the chromosomes number reduced to half in the daughter cells Reduction of Chromosome number occurs in Meiosis I division Crossing over occurs in Meiosis I (prophase I) Meiosis II is just similar to Mitosis cell division. Mitosis cell division occurs in somatic cell but meiosis cell division occurs in reproductive cells
Meiosis II Meiosis I Male (Diploid / 2n) Haploid(N) Zygote (2n) Female (Diploid / 2n) (Diploid / 2n)
Meiosis I Anaphase I Metaphase I Prophase I Interphase Spindle Fibers Synapsis & Crossing Over Centrioles Metaphase Plate Nuclear envelope Centromeres
Meiosis II Meiosis I Metaphase II Prophase II Anaphase II Telophase II + cytokinesis Telophase I + cytokinesis
Crossing over (contd.) : Exchange of genetic material between Homologous Chromosomes During Prophase I occurs at CHIASMA M F Chiasmata= the point where two homologous non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material during chromosomal crossover in meiosis Meiosis 1 Meiosis 2 Produces new genetic combinations Of Chromosomes with both Maternal & Paternal components Gametes
