Central Cash Transfer Programs in Turkey: Conditional Cash Transfer
The Republic of Turkey Ministry of Family and Social Policy implements various social assistance programs, including Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs aimed at specific target groups. These programs provide financial support to vulnerable populations such as widow women, families of military service personnel, pregnant women, lactating women, and orphan children. The General Directorate of Social Assistance administers these programs, ensuring efficient delivery of benefits to eligible beneficiaries.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author.If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
You are allowed to download the files provided on this website for personal or commercial use, subject to the condition that they are used lawfully. All files are the property of their respective owners.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance CENTRAL REGULAR CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS IN TURKEY: The Case of Conditional Cash Transfer Program Caner ESENYEL Senior Expert on Family and Social Policy mge BAYSAL Juni or Expert on Family and Social Policy
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance PRESENTATION OUTLINE: 1. Central Regular Cash Transfer (CRCT) Programs implemented by GDSA 2. CRCT at a glance 3. The case of Conditional Cash Transfer Program in Turkey 4. Details of CCT in Turkey 5. Targeting Mechanism of CCT 6. Impacts of CCT in Turkey 7. Remarks for further considerations 8. Questions-Answers 2
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IMPLEMENTED BY GDSA IN TURKEY Social Assistance Programs being implemented by General Directorate of Social Assistance (GDSA) are basically divided into 5 different categories; 1. Family Assistances 2. Education Assistances 3. Assistances for Specific Purposes 4. Thematic Central Regular Cash Transfers 5. Allowance Programmes to the Specific Groups 3
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IMPLEMENTED BY GDSA 4
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance CENTRAL REGULAR CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS UNCONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS For Widow Women whose Husbands are Dead EDUCATION For Needy Families whose boy/boys are in compulsory military service HEALTH PREGNANT WOMEN Needy Children whose fathers are in compulsory army service LACTATING WOMEN Needy Families of the Orphan Children 5
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance CENTRAL REGULAR CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS - - Financed through the Fund Budget, Applications are taken by Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundations (SASFs), Determination of eligibility done by SASFs, Inquiries of criteria related to the specific program done automatically, Payments are calculated by GDSA, Payments are directly sent to the beneficiaries accounts from the center through integrated software system, Monitoring of specific criteria automatically - - - - - checked by GDSA 6
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance FOR WIDOW WOMEN WHOSE HUSBANDS ARE DEAD The needy Turkish or resided foreign widow women who have no social security from any formal institution, who are not receiving any regular pension from these formal institutions. SCOPE OF ELIGIBILITY Anybody from the same household living with widow woman or her legal guardian. WHO CAN APPLY? WHO CAN BENEFIT? Needy women whose legal husband is dead. DOCUMENT REQUIRED National ID Card or ID number AMOUNTS 86 USD per month PAYMENT PERIOD Bimonthly directly to the beneficiaries bank accounts 7
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance FOR NEEDY FAMILIES WHOSE BOY/BOYS ARE IN COMPULSORY MILITARY SERV CE The needy Turkish or resided foreign people who have no social security from any formal institution, who are not receiving any regular pension from these formal institutions. SCOPE OF ELIGIBILITY WHO CAN APPLY? Legal wife, mother or father of the person in compulsory military service. WHO CAN BENEFIT? Needy wife, mother or father of the person in compulsory military service. DOCUMENT REQUIRED National ID Card or ID number AMOUNTS 86 USD per month PAYMENT PERIOD Bimonthly directly to the beneficiaries bank accounts 8
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance NEEDY CHILDREN UNDER AGE OF 18 WHOSE FATHERS ARE IN COMPULSORY MILITARY SERV CE The needy Turkish or resided foreign people who have no social security from any formal institution, who are not receiving any regular pension from these formal institutions. SCOPE OF ELIGIBILITY Legal mother in the same household with the child/ren whose father is in compulsory military service. WHO CAN APPLY? WHO CAN BENEFIT? Needy child/ren whose father is in compulsory military service DOCUMENT REQUIRED National ID Card or ID number AMOUNTS 34 USD per child per month PAYMENT PERIOD Bimonthly directly to the beneficiaries bank accounts 9
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance NEEDY FAMILIES OF ORPHAN CHILDREN The needy Turkish or resided foreign people who have no social security from any formal institution, who are not receiving any regular pension from these formal institutions. SCOPE OF ELIGIBILITY Legal mother/father or legal guardian living in the same household with the child/ren. WHO CAN APPLY? WHO CAN BENEFIT? Needy families living with orphan/s DOCUMENT REQUIRED National ID Card or ID number AMOUNTS 34 USD per child per month PAYMENT PERIOD Bimonthly directly to the beneficiaries bank accounts 10
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance CENTRAL REGULAR CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS: THE CASE OF CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM IN TURKEY Conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs) are the programs that transfer cash, generally to poor households, on the condition that those households make pre-determined investments on the human capital of their children. The number of countries implementing CCT programs or adoption of CCT programs at a remarkable rate. 11
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THE CASE OF CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM IN TURKEY Almost every country in Latin America has such a program and elsewhere there are large-scale programs in Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Turkey, and pilot programs in Cambodia, Malawi, Morocco, Pakistan, and South Africa, among others. 12
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THE CASE OF CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM IN TURKEY Short- term: Support household consumption/income protection Accumulate human capital (more education, better health and nutrition) by higher utilization of basic services Mid-term: Break the intergenerational transmission of poverty Overall objective 13
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THE CASE OF CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM IN TURKEY In Turkey, CCT program is launched in 2003. App. 2.1 billion US $ has been allocated to around 3,5 million beneficiary households. It is implemented through a fully web-based software from application to payments and also monitoring and evaluation. 14
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY THE CASE OF CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM IN TURKEY CCT program was an innovative approach for all the social assistance programs in Turkey because: It provides continuous cash transfer, It is conditional on positive behavioral changes Keeping children in school, Ensuring children and pregnant women receive adequate immunization, basic health care and nutrition, Payments are sent directly to mothers bank accounts, It is the first computer-based program, It is the first scoring formula based assistance program, It provides longitudinaldata about beneficiaries socio-economical and conditional based status 15
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY TARGET GROUP OF THE CCT PROGRAM 16
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY What are the Conditions of CCT? School attendance (80%) Giving birth in hospital Regular visits to health centers in pregnancy School enrollment Regular visits to health cen. For children ages 0-5 Level / Grade completion HEALTH EDUCATION 17
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY HOW DOES CCT TARGETING MECHANISM WORK? INQUIRY FROM 15 DATABASE LOCAL BOARD OF TRUSTY APPLICATION FORMS APPLICATION HOME VISIT DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM Applicants should only present their Naitonal ID numbers (28 different database; via web- based services, automatically) Forms registered to ISASIS SASFs Last Decision for beneficiary list 1 to 2 weeks process 18
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY AMOUNTS PAID FOR CCT BENEFICIARIES Education Support Male Primary School Student Female Primary School Student Male Secondary School Student Female Secondary School Student ~12 USD /month ~ 14 USD /month ~ 17 USD /month ~ 21 USD /month Health Support Children between ages 0-5: Pregnant women (only for 6 months): Women gave birth in hospital (just for once): ~ 26 USD Lactating women (only for 2 months): ~ 12 USD /month ~ 12 USD /month ~ 12 USD/month 19
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THE PROCESS OF CCT PAYMENTS MONITORING CCT CONDITIONS ISASIS imports absenteeism data for CCT beneficiaries %80> attended months are detected and exported to payment file Teacher enters absenteeism data to e-school database CCT . CCT Payments are calculated on the basis of eligibility and conditionality data beneficiary goes to School . Calculated payments are sent to PTT accounts . An informative SMS is sent to every beneficiaries. MONITORING ELIGIBILITY CONDITIONS . Place, time and amount of individual withdrawals are imported from PTT database to ISASIS Automatic Inquiry is run by ISASIS from 28 different databases Eligibilty criteria of all CCT beneficiaries are quered from 28 different databases Data of Eligible CCT beneficiaries are exported to payment file 20
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THE IMPACTS OF CCT IN TURKEY Like other CCT programms in Latin America, the CCT in Turkey has also had an undeniable positive social impacts, which is evident in several dimensions. Most importantly, the CCT programm in Turkey has helped reduce poverty and inequality in a some extent, as well as foster schooling, especially at the primary level. 21
DISTRIBUTION OF CCT TRANSFERRED AMOUNT REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance Millions in USD 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 EDUCATION HEALTH PREGNANCY TOTAL 22
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY DISTRIBUTION OF CCT BENEFICIARIES HEALTH 33% HOUSEHOLD = BENEFICIARIES = ~ 2.900.000 ~ 2.000.000 COVARAGE RATE TO POPULATION = ~ %7 23
ENROLLMENT RATES 2004-2014 REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance % 100 Primary School 90 Secondary School 80 70 60 50 40 30 Preschool 20 10 0 Male Preschool Female Preschool Male Primary Female Primary Male Secondary Female Secondary 24
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance General Directorate of Social Assistance DISTRIBUTION OF MALE AND FEMALE EDUCATION CCT BENEFICIARIES REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY MALE FEMALE KIZ 49% ERKEK 51% Erkek K z Erkek K z Erkek K z lkokul artl E itim Yard m Primary School 1-2-3-4 grades Ortaokul artl E itim Yard m Lower Secondary School 5-6-7-8 grades Lise artl E itim Yard m Upper Secondary School 9-10-11-12 grades 25
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THE IMPACTS OF CCT IN TURKEY Number of unattended days to the school were decreased 50%, in rural areas this ratio is higher, Unattendace rate is decreased twice as much for the girls, The ratio of attendance to high school is 79,4% for boys and 79,3% for girls in 2009-2010, The same ratio is 57,19% for boys and 50,08% for girls whose are not CCT beneficiaries. with respect to the control group 26
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THE IMPACTS OF CCT IN TURKEY Due to the aids ratio of the controls increased from 63,25% to 74,13%. According to the results of qualitative research conducted by health professionals, aids have a positive effect on the overall health level, families awareness about health are increased and they gained the habit of regular doctor control. 27
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THE IMPACTS OF CCT IN TURKEY Program is effective in every regions of Turkey With in rural ares, West Anatolia is the region where the program is the most effective With in urban areas, South East Anatolia is the region where the program is the most effective South East Anatolia has the highest number of beneficiaries According to the survey CCT reduces the child labor CCT has a positive effect on women's empowerment, participation in social life, to have the financial freedom 28
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION For further information: caner.esenyel@aile.gov.tr www.aile.gov.tr www.sosyalyardimlar.gov.tr 29
