Chemical Reactions and Compound Identification

In a series of chemical experiments, reactions involving unknown salts, gases, and compounds are explored and identified. From gas evolution to color changes, reactions are detailed with balanced equations. Compounds and gases like NH4NO3, N2O, P4O10, and more are unveiled through these experiments.

• Chemical reactions
• Compound identification
• Unknown salts
• Gas evolution
• Balanced equations

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1. 18th MEETING OF THE DATA QUALITY WORKING GROUP Proposal on revising S-97 Part C Agenda Item 6.2A DQWG-18, Monaco, 7- 9 February 2023

2. INTRODUCTION During the review and revision of S-100, it was found that S-97 also needs to be revised according to ISO 19157.

3. DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS It is recommended to: a)Update the C 6.6 Positional Accuracy to maintain consistency within S-97 and with ISO 19157. The recommended amendments are as follows: Positional Accuracy is described by S-100 Part 4c Metadata - Data Quality. This is further subdivided into Absolute or External Accuracy Accuracy and Horizontal Positional Accuracy Position Accuracy, Horizontal Positional Accuracy, Gridded Data Position Accuracy. including Vertical Position , Relative or internal accuracy Vertical

4. DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS S-97 ISO 19157 C-5.1 Data quality measures Positional Accuracy is defined as the accuracy of the position of features within a spatial reference system.It consists of three Data Quality Elements: Absolute or external accuracy closeness of reported coordinate values to values accepted as or being true; Relative or internal accuracy closeness of the relative positions of features in a dataset to their respective relative positions accepted as or being true; Gridded data positional accuracy closeness of gridded data spatial position values to values accepted as or being true.

5. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS b) The recommended amendments of table 7-1 are as follows: Amendments of Absolute or External Accuracy. RMSError Root Mean Square Error/ Standard deviation, where the true value is not estimated from the observations but known a priori. Closeness of reported coordinative values to values accepted as or being true. Positional Accuracy / Absolute or External Accuracy spatial object / spatial object type PS with objects that have coordinative values associated. 13 S-100 Part 4C RMSError[0..1] : Real Standard deviation where the true value is not estimated from the observations but known apriori. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157]. The Public Attribute is only used for vertical positional uncertainties.

6. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS ISO 19157

7. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS Amendments of Vertical PositionAccuracy. linearMapAccuracy3Sigma linearMapAccuracy2Sigma/ Half length of the interval defined by an upper and lower limit in which the true value lies with probability 95%. Closeness of reported coordinative values to values accepted as or being true. Positional Accuracy / Vertical Position Accuracy spatial object / spatial object type PS with objects that have coordinative values Associated. 14 S-100 Part 4C linearMapAccuracy2Sigma[0..1] : Real Half length of the interval defined by an upper and lower limit in which the true value lies with probability 90%. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157]. The Public Attribute is only used for vertical positional uncertainties. linearMapAccuracy3Sigma[0..1] : Real Half length of the interval defined by an upper and lower limit in which the true value lies with probability 95%. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157]. The Public Attribute is only used for vertical positional uncertainties.

8. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS ISO 19157

9. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS Amendments of Horizontal PositionAccuracy. circularError95/Radius describing a circle in which the true point location lies with the probability of 95%.linearMapAccuracy2Sigma / Half length of the interval defined by an upper and lower limit in which the true value lies with probability 95%. Closeness of reported coordinative values to values accepted as or being true. PS with objects that have coordinative values Associated. Positional Accuracy / Horizontal Position Accuracy spatial object / spatial object type 15 S-100 Part 4C linearMapAccuracy2Sigma[0..1] : Real Half length of the interval defined by an upper and lower limit in which the true value lies with probability 90%. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157]. The Public Attribute is only used for vertical positional uncertainties. circularError95[0..1] : Real Radius describing a circle in which the true point location lies with the probability of 95%. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157]. The Public Attribute is only used for horizontal positional uncertainties.

10. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS Add PositionalAccuracy / Relative or InternalAccuracy relativeVerticalError/ An evaluation of the random errors of one relief feature to another in the same data set or on the same map/chart. It is a function of the random errors in the two elevations with respect to a common vertical datum. [Adapted from ISO 19157] relativeHorizontalError/ An evaluation of the random errors in the horizontal position of one feature to another in the same data set or on the same map/chart. [Adapted from ISO 19157] Closeness of the relative positions of features in a dataset to their respective relative positions accepted as or being true. Positional Accuracy / Relative or Internal Accuracy spatial object / spatial object type PS with objects that have coordinative values associated. 16 Closeness of the relative positions of features in a dataset to their respective relative positions accepted as or being true. Positional Accuracy / Relative or Internal Accuracy spatial object / spatial object type PS with objects that have coordinative values associated. 17

11. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS S-100 Part 4C DQ_RelativeInternalPositionalAccuracy Closeness of the relative positions of features in a dataset to their respective relative positions accepted as or being true. [Per ISO 19115] Public Attributes: relativeVerticalError[0..1] : Real An evaluation of the random errors of one relief feature to another in the same data set or on the same map/chart. It is a function of the random errors in the two elevations with respect to a common vertical datum. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157]. relativeHorizontalError[0..1] : Real An evaluation of the random errors in the horizontal position of one feature to another in the same data set or on the same map/chart. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157].

12. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS ISO 19157

13. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS Amendments of Gridded Data PositionAccuracy RMSErrorPlanimetryRoo t mean square error of planimetry/ Radius of a circle around the given point, in which the true value lies with probability P. Closeness of reported coordinative values to values accepted as or being true. Positional Accuracy / Gridded Data Position Accuracy spatial object / spatial object type PS with objects that have a gridded coordinative values associated. 18 S-100 Part 4C RMSErrorPlanimetry[0..1] : Real Radius of a circle around a given point in which the true value lies with true value P. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157].

14. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS ISO 19157

15. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS Amendments of Temporal Consistency. chronologicalOrder/ This data quality measure that indicate that an event is incorrectly ordered against the other events. [Adapted from ISO 19157]Correctness of ordered events or sequences, if reported. Correctness of ordered events or sequences, if reported.Consis tency with time. dataset/dat aset series/spati al object type Temporal Quality / Temporal Consistency PS with objects that have a time value associated. 19 S-100 Part 4C DQ_TemporalConsistancy Correctness of ordered events or sequences, if reported. [Per ISO 19115] Public Attributes: chronologicalOrder[0..1] : Boolean This data quality measure indicates that an event is incorrectly ordered against the other events. This is a Boolean where TRUE indicates that the event is incorrectly ordered. [Adapted from ISO 19157].

16. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS ISO 19157

17. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS Add Temporal Quality / Temporal Validity and Temporal Quality / DQ_AccuracyOfATimeMeasurement. numberOfNonConformantItem s/ This data quality measure is a count of all items in the dataset that are not in conformance with their value domain. [Adapted from ISO 19157] attributeValueUncertainty3Sig ma/ This data quality measure indicates the attribute value of uncertainty where half the length of the interval defined by an upper and lower limit in which the true value for the quantitative attribute lies with a probability of 95%. [Adapted from ISO 19157] dataset/data set series/spatia l object type. Temporal Quality / Temporal Validity Validity of data with respect to time PS with objects that have a time value associated. 20 Correctness of the temporal references of an item (reporting of error in time measurement) Temporal Quality / DQ_Accuracy OfATimeMeas urement dataset/data set series/spatia l object type. PS with objects that have a time value associated. 21

18. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS S-97

19. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS S-100 Part 4C DQ_TemporalValidity Validity of data with respect to time. [Per ISO 19115] Public Attributes: numberOfNonConformantItems[0..1] : Integer This data quality measure is a count of all items in the dataset that are not in conformance with their value domain. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157]. DQ_AccuracyOfATimeMeasurement Correctness of the temporal references of an item (reporting of error in time measurement). [Per ISO 19115] Public Attributes: attributeValueUncertainty3Sigma[0..1] : Real This data quality measure indicates the attribute value of uncertainty where half the length of the interval defined by an upper and lower limit in which the true value for the quantitative attribute lies with a probability of 95%. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157].

20. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS ISO 19157

21. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS Add Thematic Accuracy / Non-Quantitative Attribute Accuracy and QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy numberOfIncorrectAttributeValues / This data quality measure is count of the total number of erroneous attribute values within the relevant part of the dataset. It is a count of all attribute values where the value is incorrect. [Adapted from ISO 19157] Thematic Accuracy / Non- Quantitative Attribute Accuracy dataset/data set series/spati al object type. Correctness of non-quantitative attribute. All S-100 based PS. 23 attributeValueUncertainty3Sigma / This data quality measure indicates the attribute value of uncertainty where half the length of the interval defined by an upper and lower limit in which the true value for the quantitative attribute lies with a probability of 95%. [Adapted from ISO 19157] Thematic Accuracy / Quantitative Attribute Accuracy dataset/data set series/spati al object type. Accuracy of a quantitative attribute. All S-100 based PS. 24

22. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS S-97

23. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS S-100 Part 4C DQ_NonQuantitativeAttributeAccuracy Correctness of non-quantitative attribute. [Per ISO 19115] Public Attributes: numberOfIncorrectAttributeValues[0..1] : Integer This data quality measure is count of the total number of erroneous attribute values within the relevant part of the dataset. It is a count of all attribute values where the value is incorrect. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157]. DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy Accuracy of a quantitative attribute. [Per ISO 19115] Public Attributes: attributeValueUncertainty3Sigma[0..1] : Real This data quality measure indicates the attribute value of uncertainty where half the length of the interval defined by an upper and lower limit in which the true value for the quantitative attribute lies with a probability of 95%. [Adapted from ISO 19138] [Adapted from ISO 19157].

24. DISCUSSION/RECOMMENDATIONS ISO 19157

25. ACTION REQUIRED OF DQWG The DQWG is invited to: a. Note the information provided; b. Approve these amendments; c. Establish a SubWG to review and revise S-97 Part C.