CHEST INFECTIONS
Chest infections like Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Koch's Disease) and Pneumonia are serious respiratory conditions. Pulmonary Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and spreads through droplet infection, affecting individuals in poor hygiene, overcrowded environments, and low socio-economic status. Clinical features include temperature rise, cough, weight loss, and more. Investigations involve chest x-rays and sputum cultures, with treatment including drug therapy and surgery if needed.
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Presentation Transcript
Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Koch s Disease) Causative organism: Mycobacterium tuberculosis Route of spreading: Droplet infection Predisposing factors Poor hygiene Overcrowding Low socioeconomic strata Malnutrition Immunocompromised individuals eg: AIDS, leukemia etc
Clinical Features Evening rise of temperature Night sweats Productive cough Loss of appetite Loss of weight Haemoptysis Malaise Chest Pain if there is pleural involvement Diminished respiratory movements with dyspnoea Increased work of breathing
Investigations Chest Radiograph: cavity formation and calcification Sputum culture Prevention: Vaccination Pasteurization of milk to prevent spread of TB from cow to humans Medical management Isolation of Patient Drugs (DOTS therapy) Anti tubercular drugs (ATT): Rifampicin, isoniasid, ethambutol, streptomycin, pyrazinamide
Surgery: Lobectomy PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT Not indicated in activeTB Befor contacting the patient: Follow safety precautions Facial masks, gloves should be used If too much secretions: Positioning Nebulisations Once patient is clear with organism Chest expansion exercises Breathing exercises Ambulation/ Mobilisation
PNEUMONIA Inflammation of lung tissue that is alveoli and adjacent airways
