Child Development within Ecological Systems Theory
Explore how a child's environment influences their development and the importance of multicultural awareness in early childhood education. Learn about Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, child-embeddedness, and the impact of different environmental systems on a child's life and development. Discover the key areas of ecological systems theory and the role of social and cultural responsiveness in supporting children from diverse backgrounds.
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Presentation Transcript
ECD L4 TOPIC 1 MALUTI TVET BETHLEHEM Mrs C Schnetler
Child-embeddedness ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY * URIE BRONFENBRENNER * THE CHILD S ENVIRONMENT AFFECTS THE CHILD S DEVELOPMENT * THE CHILD DEVELOPS WHEN THEY INTERACT OR SOCIALISE WITH OTHERS * EXPERIENCES THE CHILD ARE EXPOSED TO BECOME EMBEDDED IN THEIR PERSONALITY AND DEVELOPMENT * THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD IS DETERMINED BY WHAT HE/SHE EXPERIENCES IN SOCIETY * PROXIMAL PROCESSES: CHILD S EXPERIENCES IN SOCIETY * A CHILD S LIFE CAN CHANGE GREATLY BECAUSE OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND INFLUENCES THE CHILD EXPERIENCES
Child-embeddedness ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY FIVE AREAS: - MICROSYSTEM: SYSTEM CLOSES TO CHILD CHILD INTERACTS WITH PARENTS, SIBLINGS - MESOSYSTEM: ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH CHILD IS MOST ACTIVE HOME, SCHOOL, CHURCH - EXOSYSTEM: ENVIRONMENT THAT INFLUENCES AND AFFECTS CHILD FROM A DISTANCE PARENT S WORKPLACE, PARENT S SALARY, WORK CONDITIONS, WORKING HOURS - MACROSYSTEM: WIDER ENVIRONMENT CHILD IS EXPOSED TO COMMUNITY, BELIEFS, CUSTOMS, RITUALS, TRADITIONS - CHRONOSYSTEM: TIME INFLUENCES DEVELOPMENT OF CHILD: CHANGES IN FAMILY SETTING - DIVORCE, DEATH, MOVING HOME, NEW SIBLINGS
Links to social and cultural responsiveness of children MULTICULTURAL AWARENESS: - CHILDREN LEARN TO APPRECIATE AND UNDERSTAND THEIR OWN CULTURE AS WELL AS OTHER CULTURES - POSITIVE CONSEQUENCES: CHILDREN WILL HAVE UNDERSTANDING OF DIFFERENT WHICH WILL INFLUENCE INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS AND GENERAL OUTLOOK ON LIFE. - ECD PRACTITIONER MUST BE SENSITIVE TO CULTURE, RELIGION, LANGUAGE, SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF CHILDREN - AWARENESS OF DIVERSE BACKGROUNDS OF CHILDREN ENABLES TEACHER TO ASSIST, SUPPORT AND HELP CHILDREN BETTER
Multicultural awareness IMPORTANT TERMS: BIAS-FREE: CONTENT OF CURRICULUM, MATERIALS, BOOKS AND STORIES MUST BE FREE OF BIASED PERCEPTIONS WITH REGARDS TO RACE AND GENDER MULTILINGUAL EDUCATION: MORE THAN ONE LANGUAGE IS USED IN CLASSROOM INFUSION: PROCESS WHERE MULTICULTURALISM BECOMES PART OF CURRICULUM THROUGHOUT ALL AREAS MULTICULTURAL AWARENESS: ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND, ACCEPT AND KNOW ABOUT DIFFERENT CULTURES AND PEOPLE WITHOUT MAKING VALUE JUDGMENTS ABOUT DIFFERENCES
Multiculturalism GUIDELINES TO PROMOTE MULTICULTURALISM IN ECD: * REMEMBER ALL CHILDREN ARE UNIQUE WITH OWN SET OF TALENTS AND ABILITIES * KNOW AND APPRECIATE CULTURAL BACKGROUNDS OF CHILDREN IN GROUP * INFUSE DIFFERENT CULTURES IN DAILY ACTIVITIES * USE COMMUNITY RESOURCES PARENTS- TO ASSIST * BE A ROLE MODEL BY BEING PROUD AND SECURE IN YOUR OWN CULTURE * USE EXPERIENCES OF CHILDREN IN CLASSROOM FOR DISCUSSION
Social and cultural awareness LEV VYGOTSKY * LANGUAGE IS LEARNT BY INTERACTING WITH OTHERS * LANGUAGE IS A WAY TO LEARN SOCIAL SKILLS * LANGUAGE IS THE WAY IN WHICH PEOPLE SHARE BELIEFS, KNOWLEDGE AND IDEAS * CHILDREN LEARN BY DOING
Developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE: ALL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN MUST BE SUITED TO DEVELOPMENT LEVEL WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITY: CHILDREN ARE BEST ABLE TO MASTER CERTAIN CRUCIAL SKILLS AT CERTAIN TIMES IN THEIR LIVES LEARNING LANGUAGE: * CHILDREN ARE MOST OPEN TO LEARN LANGUAGE IN THEIR FIRST 3 YEARS OF LIFE. * IMPORTANT TO TALK TO BABIES, EXPOSE THEM TO SONGS AND RHYMES * BABIES WILL IMITATE WHAT THEY HEAR - THIS IS HOW THEY LEARN A LANGUAGE AGE SPECIFIC: ACTIVITIES ARE APPROPRIATE FOR A SPECIFIC AGE AGE SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES WILL ENABLE CHILD TO DEVELOP CERTAIN SKILLS AS THEY DEVELOP THE INTELLECTUAL ABILITY TO DO SO
Cognitive development JEAN PIAGET: FOUR STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT: # SENSORIMOTOR STAGE (0 2 YRS) # PREOPERATIONAL STAGE (2 7 YRS) # CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE (7 12 YRS) # FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE (12 ADULT)
Piagets theory of Cognitive development * SENSORIMOTOR STAGE - COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT IS DEMONSTRATED THROUGH MOTOR (PHYSICAL) ACTIVITY. - TODDLER S WORLD IS BASED ON INTERACTIONS AND EXPERIENCES. - TODDLERS TOUCH EVERYTHING THEY SEE LEARNING TAKES PLACE. * PREOPERATIONAL STAGE - INTELLIGENCE IS DISPLAYED BY THE USE OF SYMBOLS AS MEMORY AND LANGUAGE DEVELOP. - THINKING IS NOT LOGICAL. - CHILDREN RESPOND WELL TO MUSIC, STORIES AND RHYMES DURING THIS STAGE.
Piagets theory of Cognitive development * CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE - LANGUAGE AND CONVERSATION PLAY A HUGE ROLE TO DEMONSTRATE INTELLIGENCE. - LOGICAL THINKING STARTS. - CHILDREN EXPERIMENT WITH NUMBERS, LIQUID, MASS, WEIGHT AND VOLUME * FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE - LOGICAL USE OF SYMBOLS AND ABSTRACT THINKING - THIS STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT IS ONGOING: PEOPLE NEVER COMPLETE THIS STAGE.
Possible Questions 1. 2. 3. DEFINE CHILD-EMBEDDEDNESS. NAME THE FIVE AREAS IN BRONFENBRENNER S ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY. DEFINE: * MULTICULTURAL AWARENESS * BIAS-FREE * MULTILINGUAL EDUCATION * INFUSION * WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITY * LEARNING LANGUAGE * AGE SPECIFIC DISCUSS HOW MULTICULTURAL AWARENESS CAN BE PROMOTED IN ECD. NAME AND DISCUSS THE STAGES OF PIAGET S THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT. 4. 5.
