City Surveillance Research by Dr. David Murakami-Wood
Dr. David Murakami-Wood is the Canada Research Chair in Surveillance Studies at Queens University, Ontario. His research focuses on smart city surveillance technologies. Contact him via email at dmw@queensu.ca for inquiries.
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smart city surveillance city Dr David Murakami Wood Canada Research Chair in Surveillance Studies, Queen s University, Ontario dmw@queensu.ca
Control Society Deleuze, post-panoptic Control Society Inculcation of morality replaced by modulation of flows Breaking down of people and things into constituents: data subjects, digital sorting: dividuals made of codes Alex Galloway: protocological world Spatial protocol : highly restrictive and controlling rules embedded within the environment
A note on theory Control / Discipline / Authority always exist together (in different ways) Resources for social ordering Bringing Neil Smith together with critical IPE theory, I identify an uneven security development Also: techno-futures as virtual (Brian Massumi), fantastic (Jodi Dean) or Utopian (Katherine Hayles)
Smart Cities Cities like Rio de Janeiro are integrating intelligence and smart technology into their operations to run better and make dumb, rude, and dirty traits of the past . (SAP Business Trends, 2013) Rio Smart City
Surveillance and Smart Cities Promoters generally do not acknowledge central place of surveillance within smart city projects But smart cities are inevitably surveillant cities: intensive management of urban flows requires information about everything that moves in the city
surveillance and smart cities IBM 2013 report on its Smarter Cities program: The availability of vast collections of data about all aspects of city life makes it possible for civic leaders to understand how things really work so they can make better decisions. Much of this data comes from sensors and video cameras that are being used to monitor everything from public safety to traffic jams. In addition, city agencies are increasingly sharing their data with one another and with the public. This allows leaders to get a holistic view of the city, and to unlock the value of all of that data they re collecting. (2013: 6)
Securitizing Smart Cities 1990s increasing concern about unruliness of cities and crime / urban terrorism terrorism) + Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT) Answers always involved surveillance: distributed sensor platforms and computer analytics Policing both visual and digital turn: crime mapping, predictive policing models etc.
Securitizing Smart Cities Some smarter City projects overt about security e.g. Durham, NC boasts of police analytics reducing crime and reducing educational and economic disparities After 9/11 in US demand for the immediate implementation of ubiquitous city strategies for security reasons Funding via Homeland Security and post-2008 stimulus - integration of CCTV, emergency services, analytics Construction of multi- agency Fusion Centers Now recombination e.g.: smart border projects Domain Awareness initiatives (Oakland, NYC)
The machine-readable world Ubiquitous Computing (ubicomp) is ubiquitous surveillance (ubisurv) (c.f. Alberto Araya) You can flee the city, but surveillance is everywhere Kitchen & Dodge (2011) Code/Space Haggerty & Trottier (2013) on monitoring beyond the human Smart homes, Smart Cities, brandscapes
Automating Securityscapes Rafael ADS Sentry-Tech Stationary Remote Controlled Weapon Station (Israel / Palestine)
Automating Securityscapes EADS Cassidian integrated Border Surveillance Solution (Saudi Arabia)Station
Surveillancescapes G-Max UPDS Perimeter Intrusion Detection system
Surveillancescapes Some pics and text G-Max UPDS Perimeter Intrusion Detection system
Towards ambient government? Technologies of government increasingly distributed and networked If security is the primary purpose of government, and security can be embedded in anything, then government can be ambient all around us, part of the environment Naturalization of government is a hiding of politics: smart cities building in subtle forms of socialization and behavioral conditioning like a digital Tony Blair.
Towards ambient government? Reminder: fantasies are never fully realized unevenness, incompleteness, breakdown, failure, revelation resistance, revolution However, is the political already so devalued that this will not attract major resistance or even notice? What forms of revelation are possible? From visibility or legibility Privacy is not very useful either as a basis for theory or for praxis in this context
Obscurity and Illegibility? Adam Harvey s CV Dazzle anti- face recognition make-up
Destruction? German activists destroy video surveillance cameras as part of an urban game
