Collapse of Communism and the End of the Cold War
The collapse of the Soviet Union marked the end of the Cold War, where Ronald Reagan played a significant role by turning it into a moral issue for Americans and increasing economic pressure on the USSR. Internal problems within the Soviet Union, along with political dissidents challenging authority and nationalist movements seeking independence, contributed to the Soviet collapse. Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of Glasnost, Perestroika, and establishment of independent states also played a crucial role in the unraveling of the Soviet Union.
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Presentation Transcript
VUS.13d COLLAPSE OF COMMUNISM HOW DID THE COLD WAR END?
000001ee The collapse of the Soviet Union brought an end to the Cold War that had dominated American foreign policy for forty years!
Role of Role of Ronald Reagan Ronald Reagan: : Reagan turned the Cold War into a moral issue for many Americans. During speeches, he called the Soviet Union the Evil Empire . Reagan also increased economic pressure on the USSR. Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall was his call to unite Germany.
Role of Role of Ronald Reagan Ronald Reagan: : Reagan s defense buildup forced the Soviet Union to try to compete, hastening (quickening) its internal collapse and the end of the Cold War. Reagan s Strategic Defense Initiative (dubbed Star Wars ) was to protect against a nuclear attack. Satellites would zap missiles before they could hit us. This plan out-spent the Soviets!
Internal Internal problems of the problems of the Soviet Union Soviet Union Communism as an economic policy failed!
Reasons for Soviet Collapse ussr Political Dissidents (those speaking out against the government) challenged authority of Moscow Nationalism of the Republics as many sought to break from the Soviet Union to become independent.
Internal Problems of the Soviet Union Economic inefficiency; there were too many layers of bureaucracy Government mismanagement; economic planners could not keep up with needs. Corruption at all levels of government End of the Stalinites (those loyal to Stalin died off)- and a birth of reformers
Policies of Mikhail Gorbachev elections between competing communists Glasnost; openness of government Perestroika; allowance of some capitalism (market economy)- economic restructuring Establishment of independent states Demokratzia; free Gorby became the Soviet Premier in the mid- 1980 s and brought sweeping reforms!
PARALLEL TRENDS/ EVENTS Soviets stopped influence in Eastern Europe- the Warsaw Pact dissolved Non-totalitarian governments were established in Eastern Europe Fall of Berlin Wall (1989) meant the Re-unification of Germany The fall of the Berlin Wall, the symbol of Soviet tyranny, on November 9, 1989
The End? Boris Yeltsin became the president of Russia after Gorbachev resigned. He continued the spirit of reform. As the Soviet Union split apart, the Commonwealth of Independent States was created. The collapse of the Soviet Union opened the door for many more new problems! Vladimir Putin returned as President of Russia in 2012.
As the sole superpower, the U.S. struggles to establish a consistent policy in a rapidly changing and increasingly interdependent world.
Forces for global disunity Ethnic and Ethnic and religious religious factionalism factionalism Economic Economic disparity disparity Nuclear Nuclear Proliferation Proliferation Terrorism... Terrorism...
Source: www.geographic.org, used with permission usa_states_6
