Congressional Budget Process Review 2023-2024
A detailed overview of the Congressional budget process from 2023 to 2024, highlighting key events, agreements, and challenges faced. Covers the President's budget request, appropriations work, foreign aid funding, stopgap situations, top-line funding amounts, and more. Includes insights on foreign aid conundrums, buying more time agreements, and specific minibus bills.
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Presentation Transcript
The Congressional Budget Process The year in review, from a reporter s perspective
How its supposed to work: How it s supposed to work: President s budget request: early February Budget resolution adopted: mid-April Finish appropriations work: Sept. 30
December 2023 December 2023 Stopgap situation: Previously enacted continuing resolution from Sept. 30 through Nov. 17. Laddered CR through Jan. 19 and Feb. 2. Democrats are happy Defense isn t going first. Top-line funding amounts: No agreement on fiscal 2024, despite statutory spending caps. Foreign aid funding: Biden requested $106 billion foreign aid package for Ukraine, Israel, Taiwan. White House warns Ukraine money will run out by the end of the year. Other issues: Sequestration at the end of the year? No, it s actually the end of April. Arrington wants a fiscal commission.
January 2024 January 2024 Top-line agreement on Jan. 7: $886 billion for defense $772.7 billion for nondefense ($704 billion under the cap) $20 billion in IRS rescissions in one year, rather than over two Time to negotiate 302(b) allocations for all 12 subcommittees: Deal struck Jan. 27 New stopgap: March 1 and 8 deadlines
Foreign aid conundrum Foreign aid conundrum Border-Ukraine pairing: Republicans push for Ukraine funds to be tied to border and immigration measure. Trump turns against bipartisan proposal negotiated by Sen. James Lankford (R-Okla.). Standalone passage: Senate passes $95 billion foreign aid supplemental in February. Path in House isn t clear Moderates proposed smaller aid package combined with measure to codify remain-in-Mexico policy.
Buying more time Buying more time Easier bills wait for broader agreement: Military Construction-VA was ready as of Feb. 12, Rep. John Carter (R- Texas) says in late February. Broad agreement reached on Feb. 28: Two days to spare before March 1 deadline, thanks to leap year. Another stopgap: March 8 and 22 dates.
Minibus No. 1 Minibus No. 1 Six bills: Agriculture-FDA Commerce-Justice- Science Energy and Water Interior-Environment Military Construction-VA Transportation-HUD Cuts: DOJ, FBI, ATF, NASA, Amtrak Increases: VA medical care, WIC
Biden starts new proposals Biden starts new proposals March 7 State of the Union previews budget proposal Budget plan released March 11: Tax credits to offset mortgage rates Childcare subsidies Higher corporate tax rate Minimum tax for billionaires Medicare solvency proposal
Minibus No. 2 Minibus No. 2 Six bills: Defense Financial Services Homeland Security Labor-HHS-Education Legislative Branch State and Foreign Operations Cuts: Labor, Education, State Increases: Defense, HHS, DHS, NIH, CDC Flat: IRS, apart from rescission Rep. Kay Granger (R-Texas) asks steering committee to select a new chair. Rep. Tom Cole (R-Okla.) wins, starting game of musical chairs: Womack to THUD, Joyce to FinServ, Amodei to DHS, Valadao to Leg Branch.
Supplemental spending bills Supplemental spending bills Foreign aid bill enacted: House splits Senate-passed $95 billion measure into four votes, under a rule that then packages them back together: Ukraine Israel Taiwan TikTok divestment Disaster aid request: Biden requests $4 billion in additional funds Previous request from October 2023 hadn t been acted upon, including request for $9 billion for FEMA
Markup progress Markup progress
Markup and floor vote progress Markup and floor vote progress Senate markups: Rapid series of markups in July. Bipartisan agreement to add $13.5 billion in emergency funding for nondefense and nearly $21 billion more for defense programs. Stopgap expectations: Tom Cole and Steny Hoyer say on July 10 they expect CR into December House Republicans struggle with floor votes: Legislative Branch bill fails in 205-213 vote. Objections to measure blocking pay raise, led by Andrew Clyde. Finals votes in July postponed; August recess starts early. Senate delays Homeland Security bill: Secret Service funding questions hold up markup after Trump assassination attempt. Sen. Chris Murphy (D-Conn.) says USSS needs more resources.
Stopgap debates Stopgap debates House Republicans proposal: CR through March 28, with the SAVE Act on elections attached. Appropriators say they d prefer a December deadline. Leaders put off vote, can t get support. Then hold vote on Sept. 18 and fails 202-220. New, bipartisan stopgap: Runs through Dec. 20. $231m extra for Secret Service. Doesn t block the doubling of the IRS rescission. Passes both chambers easily.
Lame duck drama Lame duck drama Immediate concerns: CR to March? $115 billion disaster aid request One-year farm bill extension. $24 billion for Ukraine? No. Early reconciliation talks: One package or two? Discretionary funds are possible through reconciliation, including border wall. DOGE More of the think tank than a department.
Questions? Questions? jfitzpatrick@bloombergindustry.com @jackfitzdc on Twitter
