Data Sharing and Use for Socio-Economic Development

Data Sharing and Use for Socio Economic Development ANJALI KAUSHIK PROFESSOR, DEAN-STRATEGIC INITIATIVES MDI, GURGAON

Data Sharing Opens Doors for New Possibilities Opens Governments Closed Closed My first visit to Bhopal was in 2009 for the evaluation of MP State Education Portal nomination for 13thNational e-Governance Awards - the project won the gold The state was using District Information System for Education (DISE) data for planning, monitoring and evaluation of various aspects of education: number of teachers in various schools, monitor school drop out, facility planning, etc. That year the other e-gov awards included Forest Alert Messaging System for scientifically managing the forest cover, Rural watershed management, MP Rural Road Development Agency for scientifically designing the rural roads based on utility value and combining a lot of data! Parameters related to Natural Resources, education, healthcare and Socio Economic conditions can be combined to generate new data driven insights .

Benefits of Data Sharing. Data is getting generated at a fast pace: transactions, IoT, social media Resource Planning: Material, Manpower, Processes.. Monitoring of KDIS s linked to SDG for better planning of government schemes and outcomes Reliable and timely public data for evidence based Policy making

Data Ecosystem Collection and storage Data strategy: tools to manage, process and use data Concerns Data from different sources/ departments should able to speak to each other Data gathered over a period of time should be usable Availability of Public data should be known

Data Governance to mine the Digital Gold..!! Data Discovery (transactions, IoT, smart phones, social media) Classify data Applying rules, setting policies: analytical models to use data Taking care of PII, SPI: With Privacy , new challenges: is the data properly anonymized, are data protection guidelines being met? Fail to do this and you have new challenge Managing Metadata Integrating new data sources on an ongoing basis to prevent creation of data silos Data Leadership by design specially for e-governance projects considering their size and scale Capacity building/ training for sensitization and awareness on ongoing data governance Training of Chief Data Officers on Data Governance Issues and Challenges

Data Quality is Important..!! Studies show that the average cost of correcting a data error is 30 times the original cost of transaction (manually handling exceptions, reissuing the corrected document, citizen dissatisfaction) Errors can be difficult, time-consuming, and expensive to correct, and the impacts of errors can be unpredictable or serious. Poor data degrade the value of analytics. Data capture at source Data collection should be built in processes by design and revised based on relevance Automation of business processes for real time, error free data collection

Policies and Platforms to Institutionalize Data Sharing at a Country Level AvailabilityofDataisafirststeptoward its(re)useasadataproduct Datacreatedbygovernmentsarepublicgood therefore, government datasets should be reused by a diverse set of stakeholders Different kinds of data such as weather data, census, economic statistics, geo data and road traffic information can lead to innovations in government services and the creation of new jobs and work opportunities. The World Bank (2014) emphasizes the very low marginal costs of distribution Data policies are extremely important as they ensure transparency of government information.

National Data Sharing and Use Platforms SaezMartinetal.(2016)identifiedapositiveassociation between a country'seconomiccapacities asadeterminant factorforthequality ofanOGD portal AvailabilityofOGDisafirststeptoward its(re)useasadataproduct: The Government of India under the aegis of National Data Sharing and Accessibility Policy (NDSAP) in 2012 initiated Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India(https://data.gov.in) to share government data generated using public funds. The role of NIC has been nodal! It has organized Hackathons, trainings of DPO, workshops etc. The use of data sets has grown over the years..! National Data and Analytics Platform (NDAP) by NitiAayog since May 2022 is a phenomenal step forward

Open Government Model of Governance Open Government is a model of governance which, helped by new technologies, analytics tools and innovation, constitutes a new alternative for public management and the strengthening of public administration and democracy An open government is transparent, it provides information and data about its actions, budgets and performance. This Transparency then brings confidence and collaboration between government and citizens. It is accountable before its citizens and responds to their needs. Is inclusive and participatory and counts on civil society for the creation of solutions Driver of innovation and value creation It fosters the traceability of public decisions, allowing continuous and adequate social control by citizens, improving public management. Which is what good governance is about !! open data and innovations policies and their proper application for stimulation of economic growth .

Enhancing Data Use Now that Data Sharing is institutionalized and sharing of best practices is happening, handholding to enable usage !! The future: Customized solutions for each village depending on the literacy levels, demographic data, crop pattern, weather conditions, etc. Better Planning of health facilities, education, agriculture advisories based on that ! Village Health Card Stakeholder Involvement: Collecting feedback from Users to enhance Data Quality and Usage The government of Singapore sponsored a "hackathon" to identify bottlenecks in usage and exploitation of OGD (Chui et al., 2020). Improving usability of data sharing platforms (machine readable, visualization tools) Recognize and reduce friction between teams or departments to reduce silos

Use of Emerging Technologies AI has reduced cost of research for developing countries Use of AI with OGD: Loukis et al. (2020) did a study to reveal how OGD, together with AI, can be used to predict the impact of recessionary economic crisis on companies. Use of Big Data platform Analysis tools and team for data modelling and to derive insights around development indicators and SDGs Sharing data internationally across boundaries and policies for that..! Blockchain to track and trace and develop sharing mechanisms AI-led decision-making must be accompanied by legal, moral and ethical frameworks (Tan, 2020).

Smart City Mission is a Natural Scenario for Open Government There is valuable data being generated in cities via network of intelligent devices and systems under the Smart City Mission which can be leveraged and utilized Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs has launched the Data Smart Cities (DSC) Initiative across 100 Smart Cities which is used for evidence-based planning, cross-city assessments, research and improvement of socio-economic outcomes. The Smart Cities Open Data Portal is now publishing open datasets and contributing to data blogs and visualizations which we hear as we move to the later panel.

An Open government is the Platform for localizing the 2030 SDG Agenda Continued commitment of governments to publishing high quality data Collecting feedback from Data Users to enhance Data Quality Data sharing is a crucial driver for enabling future innovations by businesses, and for improving evidence-based policy-making by governments. --EU s support center for data sharing

Michael Porter once said, Innovation is the central issue in economic prosperity. Data Sharing and Analytics based on data can build the capacity of the country to innovate for development!

References Louk.is, E.,Kyriakou,N.&Maragoudakis, M.(2020). Using Government Data andMachine Learningfor Predicting Firms'Vulnerability toEconomic Crisis..In G.VialePereira,M.Janssen, H.Lee,I.Lindgren,M. P. Rod riguezBolivar,H.J.Scholl&A.Zuiderwijk(Eds.)Proceedingsof19'hIFIPWG8.5International Conference: ElectronicGovernmentEGOV2020(pp.345-358).Springer:Cham.https://doi.org/l0.1007/978- 3-030- 57599-1 26 Saez, Martin,A., de Rosario,A.H. &Caba, Perez, M.D. C. (2016).An InternationalAnalysis of the Qual- ity of Open Government Data Portals. Social Science Computer Review, 34(3), 298 - 311. DOI: 10.1177/0894439315585734 The World Bank. (2014). Open data for economic growth. Washington: The World Bank. https://documentsl. worldbank .org/curated/en/131621468154 792082/pdf/896060REVISEDOOOforOEconomicOGrowth.pdf

Anjali Kaushik Professor, Information Management DEAN-Strategic Initiatives Management Development Institute, Gurgaon Phone :( 0124) 4560311(D), 9818607477 Thank You