Debate in the 1920s: Prohibition and Scopes Trial
The turbulent era of the 1920s through the failures of Prohibition and the controversial Scopes Trial. Delve into the reasons behind Prohibition's downfall and the social impact of the Scopes Trial, reflecting on quotes by Mark Twain and analyzing political cartoons. Unveil the rise and fall of Prohibition, examining arguments for and against, from dry arguments strengthening family bonds to wet arguments highlighting enforcement difficulties. Witness the repeal of the 18th Amendment and the end of Prohibition with the 21st Amendment in 1933.
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Presentation Transcript
Debate in the 1920s Scopes Trial & Prohibition
Todays Objective After today s lesson, students will be able to Explain why prohibition failed and why the Scopes trial occurred Essential Skill Explicitly assess information and draw conclusions
What does this quote mean? It is the prohibition that makes anything precious. - Mark Twain
Analyze Political Cartoons With your partner study and analyze each political cartoon Evaluate the message and determine whether the cartoon is for or against Prohibition; record your guess.
18thAmendment (1919) Forbade the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol anywhere in the United States Enforced by the Volstead Act
The Rise and Fall of Prohibition As you watch this clip Brainstorm possible arguments in favor of Prohibition (Drys) Brainstorm possible arguments against Prohibition (Wets)
Dry Arguments Strengthen family bonds Eliminate moral depravity Overall consumption decline Arrests for public drunkenness decrease Hospitalization for alcoholism declines Mental hospital admissions for alcoholism decline Decline in secondary health problems
Wet Arguments Enforcement too difficult; legislating morality Encouraged lawlessness & corruption Divided the country Enforcement too expensive Illegal alcohol unregulated Overloaded court system Institutionalized organized crime syndicates Increased urban violence Violated individual rights Created black market wealth
Prohibition Fails It is the prohibition that makes anything precious. Mark Twain 21stAmendment repealed the 18thAmendment in 1933 Can you identify similar prohibition efforts that failed War on Drugs
The Clash Over Evolution The defenders of traditional religion looked to the Bible for support in the struggle against this new wild atmosphere of the Twenties
Modernists Modernists Modernists looked to science, not the Bible, to explain how the physical world worked. Scientists accepted as true only facts and theories that could be tested and supported with evidence.
Theory of Evolution British naturalist Charles Darwin Darwin theorized that all plants and animals, including humans, had evolved from simpler forms of life Charles
Tennessee and Scopes Tennessee became the first state to ban the teaching of evolution in public schools Scopes believed that he cannot teach biology without teaching evolution. Scopes is arrested the theory of evolution arrested for teaching
The Scopes Trial The Scopes Trial began on July 10, 1925, bringing far more attention than both sides had expected Some 200 national reporters arrived in Dayton, Tennessee. Tourists and vendors (selling toy monkeys) descend on Dayton s circus atmosphere
Bryan vs. Darrow William Jennings Bryan agrees to represent the State of Tennessee with its prosecution of John Scopes High-powered lawyer Clarence Darrow offers to defend Scopes free of charge
If evolution wins, Christianity goes William Jennings Bryan
Scopes isnt on trial: civilization is on trial Clarence Darrow
The Scopes Trial After listening to only one Darrow s defensive experts, the judge refuses to let his remaining experts testify
The Scopes Trial For a moment, it looked like Darrow had no defense. Then he surprised everyone by calling Bryan to the stand as an expert on the Bible.
Do you claim that everything in the Bible should be literally interpreted? Clarence Darrow
I believe everything in the bible should be accepted as it is given there William Jennings Bryan
I do not think it means necessarily a twenty-four hour day. Creation might have continued for millions of years. William Jennings Bryan
The Scopes Trial Darrow had tricked Bryan into admitting that he himself did not always interpret each and every word in the Bible as the literal truth
The Verdict When the trial ended, it took the jury fewer than 10 minutes to find Scopes guilty. The judge fined John Scopes only $100 for breaking the Tennessee law
Victory in Defeat Although John Scopes had been found guilty by the judge, it was believed to be a huge victory for science
The EndNot Quite The Scopes trial did not end the debate over teaching evolution in public schools
