Development of Indian Constitution and Features Overview
Explore the historical development of the Indian Constitution from pre-British rule to independence and delve into the key features that define it, such as being a sovereign democratic republic, a secular state, and a compromise between rigidity and flexibility. This comprehensive overview covers significant acts and events that shaped India's constitutional framework.
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Hkkjr esa laoS/kkfud fodkl Presented By Dr. Subhash Chandrakar Asst Professor Political Science Dept. DurgaMahavidyalaya Raipur (C.G.)
Hkkjr esa laoS/kkfud fodkl Development of Indian Constitution fczfV k kmu ls igys Before the British crown) 1- jsX;qysfVax ,DV 1773 Regulating ACT 1773 fczfV k kmu dk dEiuh ij fu;a=.k okjsu gsfLVaXl xoZuj tujy dydRrk] enzkl] cEcbZ loksZPp U;k;ky; dh Lfkkiuk dydRrk gkbV pSEcj & fyesLVj & fizoh dkmafly 4 lnL;h; dk;Zdkfj.kh xoZuj tujy cgqer 2- la kksf/kr vf/kfu;e 1781 Amended ACT 1781 3- fiV~l bf.M;k vf/kfu;e 1784 Pitts India ACT of 1784 & dEiuh ds O;kikfjd@jktuSfrd dk;Z vyx&vyx fd;k x;k cksMZ vkWQ Mk;jsDVj O;kikj cksMZ vkWQ daV ksyj jktuSfrd v-
4- 1786 dk vf/kfu;e &Act of 1786 5- 1793 dk jkti= & bZlkbZ /keZ ds izpkj dh vuqefr f k{kk ds fy, 1 yk[k 6- 1813 dk jkti= & Character Act of 1813 7- 1833 dk jkti= & Character Act of 1833 xoZuj tujy vkWQ bf.M;k cuk fn;k x;k fofy;e cSfaVax izFke eSdkys fof/k lnL; lrh izFkk] dU;k o/k] nkl izFkk izfrcaf/kr fd;k x;k 8- 1853 dk jkti= & Character Act of 1853 ih-Mcyq-Mh- foHkkx dh LFkkiuk flfoy lsodksa dh [kqyh HkrhZ ijh{kk
fczfVk kmu ds ckn After the British c- fczfV k rkt dk kklu lh/ks xoZuj tujy dks ok;ljkt dh mikf/k ykMZ dSfuax Hkkjr lfpo dk in & 15 lnL;h; dk;Zdkfj.kh Hkkjr lfpo & pkYlZ oqM cqM fMLisp f k{kk dk eSXukdkjh 1- 1858 dk vf/kfu;e Government of India Act of 1858 2- Hkkjrh; ifj kn vf/kfu;e 1861 Indian Council Act of 1861 3- kkgh mikf/k vf/kfu;e 1876 Imperial Titles Act of 1876 4- Hkkjrh; ifj kn vf/kfu;e 1892 Indian Council Act of 1892 5- Hkkjrh; ifj kn vf/kfu;e 1909 Indian Council Act of 1909 6- Hkkjrh; ifj kn vf/kfu;e 1919 Indian Council Act of 1919 7- lkbeu deh ku 1927 Simon Commission-1927 8- usg: fjiksVZ 1928 Nehru Report-1928
9- xksyest lEesyu 1930&1932 Round Table Conferences(1930- 1932) 10- Hkkjr ljdkj vf/kfu;e 1935 Government of India Act of 1935 11- f Il fe ku 1942 Cripps Mission 1942 12- dSfcusV fe ku 1946 Cabinet Mission 1946 13- Hkkjrh; Lora=rk vf/kfu;e 1947 Indian Independence Act 1947
Hkkjrh; lafo/kku dh fokskrk Features of Indian Constitution 1- fo o dk lcls foLr`r lafo/kku (egthiest Constitution of the world) dukMk 147] vkLV sfy;k 128] vQzhdk 153] vesfjdk 7] tkiku 103 22 Hkkx] 450 vuqPNsn] 12 vuqlwfp 2- lEiw.kZ izHkqRo lEiUu yksdr.=kRed x.kjkT; (Sovereign Democratic Republic) 3- /keZfujis{k jkT; (Secular State) 4- lektoknh jkT; (Socialist State) 5- dBksjrk ,oa yphysiu dk laxe (Compromise between Rigidity and flexibility) 6- lalnh; kklu iz.kkyh (Parliamentary Government) 7- ,dkRed y{k.kksa lfgr la?kkRed kklu (Federal Government with some Unitary Features) 8- ekSfyd vf/kdkj o ekSfyd drZO; (Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties) 9- yksd iz kklu ij vk/kkfjr (Based on Popular Sovereignty) 10- jkT; ds uhfr funs kd rRo
11- lalnh; izHkqrk vkSj U;kf;d loksZPprk esa leUo; Co-ordination between parliamentary sovereignty and judicial supremacy 12- Lora= U;k;ikfydk vkSj vU; Lora= vfHkdj.k fuokpZu vk;ksx] yksdlsok vk;ksx] fu;a=d egkijh{kd Independent Judiciary and other Independent Agencies 13- ,dy ukxfjdrk (Single Citizenship) 14- o;Ld erkf/kdkj (Adult Franchise) 15- vYila[;d ,oa fiNM+s oxZ ds fgrksa dh j{kk ds fy, fo ks k mica/k Special Provision for Minorities and Backward Classes 16- vkikrdkyhu mica/k (Emergency Provisions) 17- yksd dY;k.kdkjh jkT; (A Welfare State) 18- ekSfyd vf/kdkj dh O;oLFkk (Provision of fundamental Rights) 19- uhfr funsZ kd rRoksa dh O;oLFkk (Provisions of Directive Principles of State) 20- ekSfyd drZO; dh O;oLFkk (Provision of fundamental Duties)
21- fofHkUu Jksrksa ls rS;kj fd;k x;k lafo/kku Constitution drawn from various sources 1- 1935 dk vf/kfu;e 2- fczfV k lafo/kku 3- vejhdk lafo/kku 4- vk;jyS.M dk lafo/kku 5- dukMk dk lafo/kku 6- vkLV sfy;k dk lafo/kku 7- nf{k.k vQzhdk dk lafo/kku 8- teZuh dk lafo/kku
