Diabetic ketoacidosis

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, acidosis, and ketosis. Learn about its background, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment goals in pediatric patients. Early recognition and management are essential to prevent complications such as severe cerebral edema. Explore clinical pathways and guidelines for managing DKA in children.

• Pediatrics
• Diabetic Ketoacidosis
• DKA
• Hyperglycemia
• Acidosis

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Uploaded on Feb 14, 2025 | 0 Views

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Presentation Transcript

1. Diabetic ketoacidosis Carl Eriksson October 2019 0

2. DKA background Diagnosis Hyperglycemia (glucose > 200) Acidosis (venous pH < 7.3) Ketosis (urine or serum ketones) Risk factors Not previously diagnosed with diabetes 1/3 of children with type 1 diabetes first present with DKA Younger patients, delayed diagnosis are high-risk Previously diagnosed Missed insulin, acute illness 1

3. DKA presentation History Polyuria, polydipsia, nocturia, enuresis Weight loss Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain Yeast infections Altered mental status Physical Hyperventilation Tachycardia, poor perfusion, decreased skin turgor Altered mental status 2

4. DKA diagnosis and treatment Goals Diagnose DKA Rule out hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state Gently correct acidosis, ketosis, and dehydration Avoid severe cerebral edema (and severe electrolyte disturbances) 3

5. DKA diagnosis and treatment DCH clinical pathway 4

6. Pediatrics 2019; 144(3):e20190568 5

7. Questions eriksson@ohsu.edu 6