Disorders of Platelets
Thrombocytopathia refers to qualitative abnormalities in platelet function, which can be hereditary or acquired. Hereditary thrombocytopathia includes disorders of platelet adhesion, aggregation, and secretion. Acquired dysfunction is mainly caused by drugs or medical conditions like uremia and cirrhosis, leading to bleeding disorders. Clinical features include repeated epistaxis and prolonged bleeding after procedures and trauma.
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Presentation Transcript
DISORDERS OF PALTELETS BY- ASMITA ARUN RANVIR
THROMBOCYTOPATHIA IT IS ALSO CALLED AS THROMBOCYTOPATHIC PURPURA THE QUALITATIVE ABNORMALITY IN PLATELET FUNCTION MAY BE REFERRED TO AS THROMBOCYTOPATHIA. IT IS FURTHER DIVIDED AS- 1.HEREDITARY 2.ACQUIRED
HEREDITARY FURTHER DIVIDED AS- 1.DISORDER OF PLATELET ADHESION 2.DISORDER OF PLATELET AGGREGATION 3.DISORDER OF PLATELET SECRETION
1. DISORDER OF PLATELET ADHESION- IT IS CAUSED BY DEFECTIVE ADHESION OF PLATELET TO UNDERLYING SUBENDOTHELIAL MATRIX. EX- 1. VON WILLEBRAND S DISEASE (PSEUDOHEMOPHILIA, VASCULAR HEMOPHILIA, VASCULAR PURPURA) CAUSED DUE TO DEFICIENCY OF VON WILLEBRAND S FACTOR. 2. BERNARD- SOULIER SYNDROME CAUSED DUE TO DEFICIENCY OF PLATELET MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN.
2. DISORDER OF PLATELET AGGREGATION - ABSENCE OF PLATELET AGGREGATION AND PLATELET PLUG FORMATION. EX 1. GLANZMANN THROMBASTHENIA IS A BLEEDING DISORDER THAT IS CHARACTERIZED BY PROLONGED OR SPONTANEOUS BLEEDING STARTING FROM BIRTH.
3. DISORDERS OF PLATELET SECRETION/ ACTIVATION MOST COMMON HEREDITARY DISORDER AND LEAD TO MILD BLEEDING DISORDERS.
ACQUIRED THIS COMMON FORM OF PLATELET DYSFUNCTION IS MAINLY CAUSED BY DRUGS AND LESS FREQUENTLY BY CERTAIN MEDICAL CONDITIONS AND PROCEDURES. 1. DRUGS AS SIDE EFFECTS NON STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS EX- ASPIRIN
2. MEDICAL CONDITIONS- LIKE UREMIA, MULTIPLE MYELOMA, CIRRHOSIS. 3. PROCEDURES- LIKE CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS
CLINICAL FEATURES- 1. REPEATED EPISTAXIS 2. PROLONGED BLEEDING AFTER MEDICAL PROCEDURES AND TRAUMA. 3. BLEEDING IS 1. MILD- MOST CASES 2. SEVERE RARELY.
ORAL MANIFESTATION 1. SPONTANEOUS GINGIVAL BLEEDING IS COMMON, 2. MUCOSAL ECCHYMOSE 3. EXCESSIVE AND PROLONGED BLEEDING FROM DENTAL EXTRACTIONS 4. PATECHIEA
LAB FINDINGS 1.PLATELET COUNT IS LOW 2. BLEEDING TIME MAY BE NORMAL OR INCREASED
TREATMENT 1. ADMINISTRATION OF DESMOPRESSIN RELEASES VWF FROM ENDOTHELIAL CELLS AND REDUCE POSTSURGICAL BLEEDING 2.FIBRIN GLUE 3. PLATELET TRANSFUSION
THROMBOCYTOPATHIA HERIDITARY. ACQUIRED 1. DISORDERS OF PLATELET ADHESION. 1.DRUGS 2. DISORDERS OF PLATELET AGGREGATION 2. MEDICAL CONDITIONS 3. DSORDERS OF PLATELET ACTIVATION 3. MEDICAL PROCEDURES
