DNA Structure
Discover the intricate details of DNA structure, nucleotides, nitrogenous bases, and genetic coding through a clear explanation presented in images. Explore how genes code for proteins and influence our unique traits. Unravel the mysteries of the double helix and learn how to interpret the sequence of bases for a deeper understanding of genetic information.
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Presentation Transcript
DNA Structure DNA consists of two molecules that are arranged into a ladder-like structure called a Double Helix. A molecule of DNA is made up of millions of tiny subunits called Nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of: 1. Phosphate group 2. Pentose sugar 3. Nitrogenous base
Nucleotides Phosphate Nitrogenous Base Pentose Sugar
Nucleotides The phosphate and sugar form the backbone of the DNA molecule, whereas the bases form the rungs . There are four types of nitrogenous bases.
Nucleotides A A T Adenine Thymine G G C C Guanine Cytosine
Nucleotides Each base will only bond with one other specific base. Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Form a base pair. Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Form a base pair.
DNA Structure Because of this complementary base pairing, the order of the bases in one strand determines the order of the bases in the other strand.
A A T G G C C T A A G G C C A A T G G C C T A A
DNA Structure To crack the genetic code found in DNA we need to look at the sequence of bases. The bases are arranged in triplets called codons. A G G - C T C - A A G - T C C - T A G T C C - G A G - T T C - A G G - A T C
DNA Structure A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein. Each unique gene has a unique sequence of bases. This unique sequence of bases will code for the production of a unique protein. It is these proteins and combination of proteins that give us a unique phenotype.
DNA Gene Protein Trait
Your Task Draw a flow chart to show how to get from:
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