Enhance your understanding of IGCSE exam formats, assessment objectives, and language effects to excel in the Core and Extended papers. Focus on achieving reading objectives and mastering linguistic devices for success.
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Cambridge IGCSE EXAM FORMAT There are two possible exams you can sit The Extension and the Core Paper. CORE PAPER (Foundation) 1 HOUR AND 45 MINUTES ANSWER TWO QUESTIONS ON ONE PASSAGE QUESTION ONE IS WORTH 30 MARKS QUESTION TWO IS WORTH 20 MARKS ELIGIBLE GRADES C-G 40% OF THE COURSES TOTAL MARKS
EXTENSION PAPER (Higher) 2 HOURS 3 QUESTIONS ON TWO PASSAGES WHICH ARE LINKED BY A COMMON THEME QUESTION ONE IS WORTH 20 MARKS. QUESTION TWO IS WORTH 10 MARKS. QUESTION THREE IS WORTH 20 MARKS. ELIGIBLE GRADES ARE A-E 40% TOTAL MARKS
EXAM TIMINGS EXTENDED PAPER Spend 15 minutes reading the two passages Question One 42 minutes Question Two 21 minutes Question Three 42 Minutes CORE PAPER Spend 10 minutes reading the passage Question One 55 minutes Question Two 40 minutes
ASSESSMENT OBJECTIVES Both CORE and EXTENDED PAPERS are out of 50 marks. 40 of those marks are awarded on your reading skills 10 marks on your writing skills.
Title Language Effects Learning Objectives: To be able to identify features of language and explain the effects they can have on a reader
Today we are going to focus on one of the reading objectives. - R4 that is in both the CORE AND EXTENDED PAPER The four reading objectives are: R1 Understand and collate explicit meanings R2 Understand, explain and collate implicit meanings and attitudes R3 Select analyse and evaluate what is relevant to specific purposes R4 Understand how writers achieve effects.
In the Extended Paper it is Question 2 that tests this reading objective To answer this type of question you need to be able to pick out and interesting words and phrases. You need to be aware of language features also known as linguistic devices. You also need to be confident in explaining the effect a certain word or phrase has on the reader.
How is language used for effect? Language is always used for some kind of effect or other. Often, without commenting on specific linguistic devices, you can talk about the kind of language a writer uses, noticing what kind of words are used, or what kind of tone or style is created by language and structure. Look at these examples The writer uses dramatic and violent language in order to describe the horror of the attack at the end of the extract. Phrases like chill horror , sudden fear and thunderous crack portray the fear and terror experienced by the Indians who are attacked. Powerful words such as war , huge and ruining emphasise and perhaps exaggerate the seriousness of the issue. The writer uses a chatty, informal tone, using contractions like I m don t and can t . Language is highly descriptive, with adjectives such as golden and spectacular conveying the writer s appreciation for his surroundings.
Common linguistic devices 1st, 2nd or 3rd person (narrative viewpoint) Directly addressing the reader Imperatives Rhetorical questions Register - Formal/Informal language Diction - Simple/Complex vocabulary Figurative Language & Imagery: Similes/Metaphor/ Personification etc. Word play & puns Alliteration Rhyme & Rhythm Anecdote & Allusion Slogan & Catchphrase Statistics & Facts Exaggeration & Hyperbole Repetition Humour Lists Emotive language Punctuation type Expert advice Short sentences Superlatives
Match the technique to the definition Language Features Direct Address/Audience Invites trust, suggests knowledge. 1. A. involvement Use of words like B. demand/urge/want/frightening Anecdote 2. Ideas presented in a way that seems C. Emotive Language 3. opposite to what is really meant Using facts and figures 4. Little stories to involve reader/create D. Rhetorical Questions 5. sympathy Short sentences 6. Using words such as you , we , us or I E. Expert opinion 7. Questions that can not be answered F. Irony/Sarcasm 8. To shock/surprise make reader believe G. writer is knowledgeable Gets message across H.
Tips for answering -Extended Paper Question 2 Spend your time equally on both paragraphs/parts of the question Highlight a range of words and phrases that seem powerful to you from both paragraphs. Put quotation marks around your choices. Avoid general comments such as the writer makes you feel that you are really there or this is a descriptive phrase. To explain effects, think of what the reader sees and feels when reading the word or phrase. You need to use up to five examples from each paragraph. One or two examples are not enough to get 7-10 marks.
YOU MUST NEVER USE THE FOLLOWING PHRASES!!! The language is good The language eye-catching The language is effective The language is interesting The language makes the reader think The language means UNLESS YOU EXPLAIN WHY
Using PEEL Point Identify a technique Evidence Give a short quotation Explain The effect of this technique on the reader Link Refer back to the question (repeat some of the words)
EXAM PRACTICE Extended Question 2 Bear Grylls Read the extract as a group. Re- read the descriptions of: A) The fall in paragraph 3, beginning I flip on to my front B) The accidents in paragraph 5, beginning Instead, I am in agony, writhing and crying. Select words and phrases from these descriptions, and explain how the writer has created effects by using this language Write between 1 and 1 sides, allowing for the size of your handwriting You have 21 minutes to answer the question
EXAM PRACTICE Extended Question 2- 2012 paper Read the extract about Julia s visit to the rainforest as a group Re-read the descriptions of: A) The rainforest and its wildlife in paragraph 1, from The family was trudging... B) Julia s walk through the rainforest in search of her parents in paragraph 4, from hours later... Select words and phrases from these descriptions, and explain how the writer has created effects by using this language Write between 1 and 1 sides, allowing for the size of your handwriting You have 21 minutes to answer the question
PLENARY Read through the Model answer for this question as a group. Highlight particular sentences you think are good. In your book write down the top three things the writer has done.
