Effective Strategies for Writing Summaries
Learn how to write effective summaries by including key details, using reporting verbs, and paraphrasing main points accurately. Ensure your summaries are clear, concise, and objective without adding personal views.
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Presentation Transcript
SUMMARISING Suggestions for writing summaries
At the beginning, write the title of the book/ journal, the author and article, publisher and date. Quickly read the text to get an overall idea of it. Then read it carefully, identifying the main points. As you read, make brief notes of the main points note the keywords and topic sentences (i.e. the main ones) in your own words as far as possible, using synonyms where appropriate (i.e. paraphrase).
If certain sentences or phrases are important and may be useful to quote in an essay etc., copy them exactly, word for word, and put them in inverted commas (quotation marks). If you intend to abbreviate the quotation by omitting some words, put three dots ( ) in place of the words. Remove examples and details, including dates (unless vitally important, e.g. an invention, a change of process/ procedure).
Ensure that your summary is accurate and neutral, i.e. do not add your own views to it. (These can follow later). As far as possible, condense the points into straightforward statements and rewrite in your own words where possible. Write clearly, concisely, coherently and logically.
Reporting verbs The following are reporting verbs commonly used in summaries and paraphrases. The tense can vary to suit the nature of what you are writing: As X observes has observed observed had observed points out remarks says states
Reporting verbs X affrims argues assumes believes claims concludes explains finds implies maintains suggests
