Emotional Regulation and Responding to Emotions
Emotions play a crucial role in shaping our thoughts and behaviors. From joy and happiness to anger and fear, each emotion serves a purpose in guiding our actions and interactions with others. By recognizing and regulating our emotions, we can navigate life's challenges more effectively and cultivate healthier relationships. Explore the complexities of emotional responses and learn how to manage your feelings for improved well-being.
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SCREENING AND PREVENTION Amr Al-warthan. Yazeed Al-harbi. Mohammed Al-shehri.
Objectives: 1. Definition of screening / prevention and its uses in family practice. 2. To identify prevention types. 3. To identify appropriate approaches for prevention and screening of common problems in primary care. 4. To explain pros and cons of screening . 5. To justify the rational for selection of a screening test.
MCQ Q1: 30 YEARSOLDMALE. ONSCREENINGHIS BP WAS 135\85. WHICH ONEOFTHEFOLLOWINGSTATEMENTSISCORRECT? A. SCREENHIMAGAINAFTER 3 YEARS. B. LIFESTYLEMODIFICATIONANDSCREENHIMEVERYYEAR. C. STARTTREATMENTWITH ACE INHIBITOR. D. DO NOTHING.
MCQ Q2: 55 YEARSOLDMALEUNDERWENT FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPYFOR COLONCANCERSCREENING. THERESULTWAS NEGATIVE. WHENISTHE PROPERTIMETO RESCREENTHEPATIENT? A. AFTER 3 YEARS. B. EVERY YEAR. C. AFTER 5 YEARS. D. AFTER 10 YEARS.
MCQ Q3: WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING IS CONSEDRED AS TERTIARRY PREVENTION: A. EDUCATIONALPROGRAMS. B. PALLIATIVETHERAPY. C. LIFESTYLEMODIFICATION. D. FECALOCCULTBLOODTEST.
MCQ Q4: SCREENINGTESTSFALLUNDERWHICHONEOFTHEFOLLOWING: A. PRIMORDIALPREVENTION B. PRIMARYPREVENTION C. SECONDARYPREVENTION D. TERTIARYPREVENTION
WHAT IS PREVENTION: AVERTINGANDELIMINATINGDISEASESANDMINIMIZINGTHEIMPACTOFDISEASES. THEACTIONOFSTOPPINGSOMETHINGFROMHAPPENING
TYPES OF PREVENTION: 1- PRIMARYPREVENTION: PREVENTIONOFDISEASEOCCURRENCE. EX: SANITATIONOFTHEENVIRONMENT. LIFESTYLEMODIFICATION. NUTRITIONALANDFOODSUPPLEMENTATION. VACCINATION.
2- SECONDARYPREVENTION: CONTROLLINGDISEASEINEARLY FORM. THEGOALISTOREDUCETHEIMPACTOFADISEASEOR INJURYTHATHASALREADYOCCURRED. EX: CARCINOMAINSITU
3- TERTIARYPREVENTION: PREVENTIONOFCOMPLICATIONSONCETHEDISEASE ISPRESENT. THEGOALISTOIMPROVETHEQUALITYOFLIFEANDPREVENT DISABILITIES. EX: STROKEREHABILITATIONPROGRAM. PALLIATIVETHERAPY.
WHAT IS SCREENING: TOLOOKFORDISEASESINAGROUPOFASYMPTOMATICPEOPLE TOIDENTIFYTHESEDISEASESINITSEARLYSTAGES.
THE WILSONJUNGNER CRITERIA: IMPORTANTHEALTHPROBLEM. HASADETECTABLEEARLYSTAGE. BENEFITFROMTREATINGTHEDISEASEINITSEARLYSTAGE. THEREISASUITABLETESTTODETECTTHEDISEASEINITSEARLYSTAGEWITHANIDENTIFIED INTERVALFORREPEATINGTHETESTANDCOSTWORTHWHILE. LOWRISK (PHYSICALANDPSYCHOLOGICAL) ANDHIGHBENEFIT. A WELLUNDERSTOODNATURALHISTORY.
BENEFITS OF SCREENING IMPROVEDPROGNOSISFORSOMECASESDETECTEDBYSCREENING. LESSRADICALTREATMENTFORSOMEEARLYCASES. REASSURANCEFORTHOSEWITHNEGATIVETESTRESULTS. INCREASEDINFORMATIONONNATURALHISTORYOFDISEASEANDBENEFITSOFTREATMENTATEARLY STAGE. ECONOMICSAVINGONFUTURETREATMENT.
DISADVANTAGES OF SCREENING LONGERMORBIDITYINCASESWHEREPROGNOSISISUNALTERED. FALSEREASSURANCEFORTHOSEWITHFALSE-NEGATIVERESULTS. ANXIETY, UNNECESSARYINTERVENTIONANDSOMETIMESMORBIDITYFORTHOSEWITHFALSE- POSITIVERESULTS.
PERIODIC HEALTH EXAM UNDER 6 YEARS DENTALHEALTH. SUN EXPOSUREAND VITAMIN D: 5 30 MINUTESOFSUNEXPOSUREBETWEEN 10 AM AND 3 PM ATLEASTTWICEAWEEKTOTHE FACE, ARMS, LEGS, ORBACK. RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE (RDAS) FOR VITAMIN D : 0 - 12 MONTHS 400 IU (10 MCG) 1 - 13 YEARS 600 IU(15 MCG)
SICKLINGAND G6PD PHENYLKETONEURIA VITAMIN K INJECTION: A SINGLEDOSE (1.0 MG) OFINTRAMUSCULARVITAMIN K AFTER BIRTHISEFFECTIVEINTHEPREVENTIONOF CLASSIC HAEMOLYTICDISEASEOFTHE NEWBORN (HDN). EITHERINTRAMUSCULAROR ORAL (1.0 MG) VITAMIN K PROPHYLAXIS IMPROVESBIOCHEMICALINDICESOF COAGULATIONSTATUSAT 1 - 7 DAYS. THE RED REFLEX THE CORNEAL LIGHT REFLEX THE COVER-UNCOVER EYE TEST EVALUATE GROSS HEARINGBY OBSERVINGANINFANT RESPONSETOSOUND
PERIODIC HEALTH EXAMINATION (6 - 17 YEARS) SUN EXPOSUREAND VITAMIN D. DEPRESSION SCREENING: ASK 2 SIMPLEQUESTIONSABOUT: MOODANDLOSSOFINTERESTIN THEPAST 2 WEEKSFROM 12 YEARSOFAGE. ORAL HYGIENE. BMI PLOTTING CHARTS: ANNUALLY SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS.
PERIODIC HEALTH EXAMINATION (18 - 59 YEARS) BLOOD PRESSURE. CHECK FASTING BLOOD SUGAROR HB A1C. FASTING LIPID SCREENING: EVERY 5 YEARSSTARTINGATAGE(F 45 YEARS (IFTHEYAREATINCREASEDRISKFOR CHD) - M 35 YEARS) COLON CANCER. BREAST CANCER.
PERIODIC HEALTH EXAMINATION (60 ABOVE) FALL ASSESSMENTAND PREVENTION: RISK ASSESSMENT: HISTORYOFFALLS. MOBILITYPROBLEMS. POORPERFORMANCEONTHETIMED GET-UP-AND-GOTESTALSOIDENTIFIESPERSONSATINCREASEDRISK FORFALLING. DEPRESSION SCREENING:
WHAT ARE COMMON CONDITIONS OR DISEASES WHERE WE CAN APPLY SCREENING & PREVENTIVE?
HYPERTENSION DIABETES MELLITUS COLONCANCER BREASTCANCER PROSTATE CANCER CERVICALCANCER CVD RISKASSESSMENT
DIABETESMELLITUSISONEOFTHEMOSTCOMMONDIAGNOSESMADEBYFAMILYPHYSICIANS. UNCONTROLLEDDIABETESCANLEADTOBLINDNESS, LIMBAMPUTATION, KIDNEYFAILURE, AND VASCULARHEARTDISEASE. LIFESTYLEANDPHARMACOLOGICINTERVENTIONSDECREASEPROGRESSIONTODIABETESIN PATIENTSWITHIMPAIREDFASTINGGLUCOSEORIMPAIREDGLUCOSETOLERANCE.
THE U.S. PREVENTIVE SERVICES TASK FORCERECOMMENDSSCREENINGFORABNORMAL BLOODGLUCOSEANDTYPE 2 DIABETESINADULTS 40 TO 70 YEARSOFAGEWHOARE OVERWEIGHTOROBESE, ANDREPEATINGTESTINGEVERY 3 YEARSIFRESULTSARENORMAL. SCREENALLADULTSWHOAREOVERWEIGHT( BMI 25 KG/ M2) ANDHAVEADDITIONALRISK FACTORS. SCREENINGFORTYPE 1 DIABETESISNOTRECOMMENDED.
THE USPSTF RECOMMENDSSCREENINGFORHIGHBLOODPRESSUREINADULTSAGED 18 YEARSOROLDER. ADULTS 40 YEARSOROLDERSHOULDHAVETHEIRBLOODPRESSUREMEASUREDATLEAST ANNUALLY. ADULTSBETWEEN 18 AND 39 YEARSSHOULDALSOBESCREENEDATLEASTANNUALLYIFTHEY HAVERISKFACTORSFORHYPERTENSION (EG, OBESITY) ORIFTHEIRPREVIOUSLYMEASURED BLOODPRESSUREWAS 130-139/85-89 MMHG ADULTSBETWEEN 18 AND 39 YEARSWHOSELATESTBLOODPRESSUREWAS <130/80 MMHG ANDHAVENORISKFACTORSFORHYPERTENSIONSHOULDBESCREENEDATLEASTEVERYTHREE YEARS.
OFFICEMEASUREMENTOFBLOODPRESSUREISDONEWITHAMANUALOR AUTOMATEDSPHYGMOMANOMETER. PROPERPROTOCOLISTOUSETHEMEAN OF 2 MEASUREMENTSTAKENWHILETHEPATIENTISSEATED. ALLOWFOR 5 MINUTESBETWEENENTRYINTOTHEOFFICEANDBLOODPRESSURE MEASUREMENT. USEANAPPROPRIATELYSIZEDARMCUFF, ANDPLACETHEPATIENT'SARMATTHELEVELOFTHE RIGHTATRIUM. MULTIPLEMEASUREMENTSOVERTIMEHAVEBETTERPOSITIVEPREDICTIVEVALUE THANASINGLEMEASUREMENT.
MOSTCOMMONCANCERIN SAUDIMALESAND 3RDIN SAUDIFEMALES. 25-30% OFPATIENTSPRESENTWITHDISTANTMETASTASIS LOWSURVIVALRATESDUETOLATEDIAGNOSIS IT SANIMPORTANTHEALTHPROBLEM, WHEREEARLYDIAGNOSISISCRITICAL.
SCREENINGINPERSONSATAVERAGERISKSHOULDBEGINAT 50 YEARSOFAGE; THE U.S. PREVENTIVE SERVICES TASK FORCERECOMMENDSAGAINSTROUTINE SCREENINGAFTER 75 YEARSOFAGE. OPTIONSFORSCREENINGINCLUDE : HIGH-SENSITIVITYFECALOCCULTBLOODTESTINGANNUALLY. FLEXIBLESIGMOIDOSCOPYEVERYFIVEYEARSWITHHIGH-SENSITIVITYFECALOCCULTBLOOD TESTINGEVERYTHREEYEARS. COLONOSCOPYEVERY 10 YEARS
THEMAJORFORMOF CANCERAMONGWOMEN. ITISTHEMOSTCOMMONCAUSEOFDEATHINWOMENAGED 35-55.
MAMMOGRAPHYISTHEONLYSCREENINGTESTSHOWNTOREDUCEBREASTCANCERRELATED MORTALITY. SCREENINGSHOULDBEOFFEREDATLEASTBIENNIALLYTOWOMEN 50 TO 74 YEARSOFAGE. FORWOMENWITHANESTIMATEDLIFETIMEBREASTCANCERRISKOFMORETHAN 20 PERCENT ORWHOHAVEABRCAMUTATION, SCREENINGSHOULDBEGINAT 25 YEARSOFAGE.
Condition D.M Initiating of Screening At 40 Years Old Rescreening Repeating test Every 3 Years if the result is normal. Screen all adult with risk factors. HTN At 18 Years Old. Adults 40 years or older Annually. Adults between 18 and 39 years With risk factor Annually. Healthy Adults between 18 and 39 years Every 3 Years. Colon Cancer At 50 Years Old. fecal occult blood testing annually. flexible sigmoidoscopy every five years colonoscopy every 10 years Breast Cancer At 50 Years Old. Every 2 Years. Risk Factors? At 25 Y\O
MCQ Q1: 30 YEARSOLDMALE. ONSCREENINGHIS BP WAS 135\85. WHICH ONEOFTHEFOLLOWINGSTATEMENTSISCORRECT? A. SCREENHIMAGAINAFTER 3 YEARS. B. LIFESTYLEMODIFICATIONANDSCREENHIMEVERYYEAR. C. STARTTREATMENTWITH ACE INHIBITOR. D. DO NOTHING.
MCQ Q1: 30 YEARSOLDMALE. ONSCREENINGHIS BP WAS 135\85. WHICH ONEOFTHEFOLLOWINGSTATEMENTSISCORRECT? A. SCREENHIMAGAINAFTER 3 YEARS. B.LIFESTYLEMODIFICATIONANDSCREENHIMEVERY YEAR. C. STARTTREATMENTWITH ACE INHIBITOR. D. DO NOTHING.
MCQ Q2: 55 YEARSOLDMALEUNDERWENT FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPYFOR COLONCANCERSCREENING. THERESULTWAS NEGATIVE. WHENISTHE PROPERTIMETO RESCREENTHEPATIENT? A. AFTER 3 YEARS. B. EVERY YEAR. C. AFTER 5 YEARS. D. AFTER 10 YEARS.
MCQ Q2: 55 YEARSOLDMALEUNDERWENT FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPYFOR COLONCANCERSCREENING. THERESULTWAS NEGATIVE. WHENISTHE PROPERTIMETO RESCREENTHEPATIENT? A. AFTER 3 YEARS. B. EVERY YEAR. C.AFTER 5 YEARS. D. AFTER 10 YEARS.
MCQ Q3: WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING IS CONSEDRED AS TERTIARRY PREVENTION: A. EDUCATIONALPROGRAMS. B. PALLIATIVETHERAPY. C. LIFESTYLEMODIFICATION. D. FECALOCCULTBLOODTEST.
MCQ Q3: WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING IS CONSEDRED AS TERTIARRY PREVENTION: A. EDUCATIONALPROGRAMS. B. PALLIATIVETHERAPY. C. LIFESTYLEMODIFICATION. D. FECALOCCULTBLOODTEST.
MCQ Q4: SCREENINGTESTSFALLUNDERWHICHONEOFTHEFOLLOWING: A. PRIMORDIALPREVENTION B. PRIMARYPREVENTION C. SECONDARYPREVENTION D. TERTIARYPREVENTION
MCQ Q4: SCREENINGTESTSFALLUNDERWHICHONEOFTHEFOLLOWING: A. PRIMORDIALPREVENTION B. PRIMARYPREVENTION C.SECONDARYPREVENTION D. TERTIARYPREVENTION
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