Enhancing Nuclear Security Recommendations on Radioactive Material and Facilities

Agenda item R5.3 NST074. Nuclear Security Recommendations on Radioactive Material and Associated Facilities(NSS No. 14, Revision 1) (Step 3. DPP for approval/clearance) 57th Meeting of the Radiation Safety Standards Committee (RASSC) 09 - 13 December 2024 Muhammad WASEEM Muhammad WASEEM Division of Nuclear Security Department of Nuclear Safety and Security

Background Initial Publication: January 2011 Over decade of use, MSs experience. Review Initiated: Consultancy Meeting Is Revision Needed? February 2020, 18 experts from 15 Member States Identified various inconsistencies and outdated terminology, (detailed records available) Scope of revision: Limited to essential updates and clarifications. NSGC-18thRecommendation: Endorsement of limited revisions for NSS Nos 13, 14, 15, and a parallel revision for NSS No. 20.

Justification Practical application -Over a decade experience of MSs, since the publication of NSS 14 in January, 2011. 7 revisions and 29 new publications since its publication covering areas such as info. and comp. security, capacity building, nuclear security culture, threat assessment, insider threats, interface and others. While the Recommendations remain largely applicable and relevant, there are some areas that require for limited updates to improve its usability.

Objective The current objectives of NSS No. 14 will remain broadly unchanged, as set out in the publication: to provide guidance to States and competent authorities on how to develop or enhance, to implement and to maintain a nuclear security regime for radioactive material, associated facilities and associated activities. Additional clarification could be added to the objective to enhance precision and ensure consistency.

Scope Limited changes -remain broadly unchanged as set out in publication The publication will continue covering the security of radioactive material throughout its life cycle: manufacture, supply, receipt, possession, storage, use, transfer, import, export, transport, maintenance, and recycling or disposal. Annex details the scope of the revision.

Scope Drawing on the results of the review process for NSS No. 14, the following gaps should be addressed in the limited revision of this publication: Information and computer security Insider threats Emerging threats New and emerging technologies Safety-security interface Unplanned situations for which continuity of operations is needed (e.g., pandemics and natural disasters). Evaluate NSS No.13 and No.14 to determine the best document for guidance on unauthorized removal of nuclear material for offsite dispersal or exposure. Alignment and consistency with Fundamentals (NSS No. 20), other Recommendations (NSS Nos. 13 and 15), as well as with LB and NLB int. instruments. Other topics, identified based on the information collected throughout the extensive review process, should be subject to further discussion during the revision process.

Proposed Structure Structure/table of contents will remain broadly unchanged, which is following 1. Introduction 2. Objectives of a State s Nuclear Security Regime for Radioactive Material, Associated Facilities And Associated Activities 3. Elements of a State s Nuclear Security Regime for Radioactive Material, Associated Facilities And Associated Activities 4. Recommendations for the Security of Radioactive Material, Associated Facilities and Associated Activities. 5. Definitions

Planned Schedule STEP 1: Preparing a DPP STEP 2: Internal review of the DPP (Approval by the Coordination Committee) STEP 3: Review of the DPP by the review Committee(s) (Approval by review Committee(s)) STEP 4: Review of the DPP by the CSS (approval by CSS) or information of the CSS on the DPP STEP 5: Preparing the draft publication STEP 6: First internal review of the draft publication (Approval by the Coordination Committee) STEP 7: First review of the draft publication by the review Committee(s) (Approval for submission to Member States for comments) STEP 8: Soliciting comments by Member States STEP 9: Addressing comments by Member States STEP 10: Second internal review of the draft publication (Approval by the Coordination Committee) STEP 11: Second review of the draft publication by the review Committee(s) (Approval of the draft) STEP 12: (For Safety Standards) Editing of the draft publication in MTCD and endorsement of the draft publication by the CSS (For nuclear security guidance) DDG s decision on whether additional consultation is needed, establishment by the Publications Committee and editing STEP 13: Approval by the Board of Governors (for SF and SR only) STEP 14: Target publication date DONE Aug 2024 Q4 2024 Jan 2025 Feb 2027 Mar 2027 Jun 2027 Jul Oct 2027 Nov Feb 2028 Mar 2028 Jun 2028 Jul Dec 2028 Q2 2029

Overview of Comments Accepted with modification Committee Countries Number of comments Accepted Rejected Brazil (10), Germany (8), Pakistan (1), Russia (5), Saudi Arabia (1), Switzerland (5), Ukraine (1)*, USA (1) NSGC 32 8 8 15 RASSC EPReSC TRANSSC NUSSC WASSC TOTAL 4 35 1 9 3 18 France (3), Ukraine (1)* 8 9 Member States * Comments match Table of resolutions and updated DPP were posted for information on 22 October 2024

Overview of Comments Accepted / accepted with modification Editorial Comments: 11 Proposals: Mention consistency with relevant legally binding and non-legally binding international instruments. Add more information on the background of NSS 14 in the introduction section. Include a reference to A/CPPNM. Explicitly mention timely updates to lead committees, meeting schedules, etc., in the DPP.

Overview of Comments Rejected Content Focus: Eight comments addressed the content of NSS 14 rather than the DPP. Proposed Changes: Update the title to: Nuclear Security Recommendations on Physical Protection of Radioactive Material. Replace "Nuclear Security Regime" with "Physical Protection Regime. Ensure recommendations for protecting nuclear material against unauthorized removal and potential off-site dispersal remain within NSS 14 s scope.

Overview of Comments Rejected Terminology Alignment: Two proposals emphasized aligning terminologies with the IAEA Nuclear Safety and Security Glossary (2022 edition). These were rejected, as the Glossary is intended to explain the terms used in the document, rather than dictate its content. In fact, the Glossary will be revised, if necessary, following updates to the documents. Editorial: One editorial comment was not accepted as it pertained to text that is a direct quote from NSS 14.

Action requested The Review Committee is kindly requested to clear or approve the draft DPP, as appropriate, to proceed with drafting. NSGC (lead Review Committee): 3 6 December 2024 CLEARED WASSC: 29 October 1 November 2024 CLEARED EPReSC: 4 November 2024 CLEARED NUSSC: 20 November 2024 CLEARED TRANSSC: 20 November 2024 CLEARED RASSC: 9 13 December 2024 Approval / clearance status:

Thank you!