Enhancing UPS Voltage Ride-through Capabilities
Explore how data centers meet power quality demands by utilizing UPS systems with ride-through capabilities, ensuring continuity during voltage disturbances. Learn about the challenges faced, current UPS operation ranges, and considerations for undervoltage events.
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Presentation Transcript
UPS Voltage Disturbance Ride Through Brian Heber Director of Engineering 11-July-2025
Agenda Problem Statement Vertiv UPS Capability Simulation Results QAM-FM-PR-605 Rev.2.1: 27-Mar-2017
Problem Statement Data centers demand high quality power with high availability. Therefore, they deploy numerous redundant power sources. Generators. Uninterruptable Power Supplies (UPS). Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). Solar. When there is a significant power quality issue the following happens. The UPS disconnects from the utility and supplies the data IT loads from a small (~5-minute battery). If the power quality issue last longer than 2 3 minutes or so, the data center will automatically startup the generators. About a minute later, the data center will switch over to generator. The UPS will come off battery and run on the generator. Data center operators will stay on generator until the power quality issue is over. But . . . Data centers are very cautious to return to utility; They may run on generator for several minutes to hours. The utility provider sees a large load loss which can cause grid stability issues. 3 Confidential. Property of Vertiv
Vertiv UPS Products Current UPS Operation Range Voltage + 10% 10% (without using battery) 15% (supplement from battery depending on load) Frequency +/ 5Hz Range +/ 1Hz / second rate of change UPS with Ride-through Capabilities Voltage + 25% (less than 500ms) + 20% (less than 1 seconds) + 10% (continuous) 10% (continuous without using battery) 15% (supplement from battery depending on load) 30% (less than 1 seconds, supplement from battery depending on load) 50% (less than 200ms, supplement from battery depending on load) 70% (less than 100ms, supplement from battery depending on load) Frequency +/ 10Hz Range +/ 5Hz / second rate of change Current UPS Restart Time Voltage qualification 5 seconds Programmable 1 to 10 seconds Power walking 15 seconds Programmable 5 to 90 seconds Quick Reconnect Voltage qualification 5 seconds Programmable 0.5 to 10 seconds Power walking 15 seconds Programmable 1 to 90 seconds 4 Confidential. Property of Vertiv
UPS Voltage Ride-through Capability UPS current is limited 100%. Undervoltage ride through time could be longer depending on the load and battery capacity For undervoltage events, the ride through time depends on load percentage and battery capacity. The UPS could run long or shorter than shown 5 Confidential. Property of Vertiv
Simulation Results Scenario 1 100% Load, 70% Voltage Sag for 100ms Output Voltage Input Real Power Output Current Input Reactive Power The UPS maintains the output voltage during the utility voltage sag by drawing power from the battery. The input current is held at the rated current. The input real power drops proportionally to the voltage sag. There is a small reactive power transient when the utility voltage return to nominal. Input Voltage Input Current Battery voltage & current not shown 6 Confidential. Property of Vertiv
Simulation Results Scenario 2 100% Load, 50% Voltage Sag for 200ms Output Voltage Input Real Power Output Current Input Reactive Power The UPS maintains the output voltage during the utility voltage sag by drawing power from the battery. The input current is held at the rated current. The input real power drops proportionally to the voltage sag. There is a small reactive power transient when the utility voltage return to nominal. Input Voltage Input Current Battery voltage & current not shown 7 Confidential. Property of Vertiv
