Enigmatic Images from Slide Orbit Collection
Explore a series of intriguing images including "kidtu.k.nfhtpe.juh.d.ph.d.cjtp.nguhrpupah," "fw.wy.nehf.fq.fs," "foe.ijfis.ghjpf.fk.gy.tif.fiwghlfs," "fhj.nfl.ly.fiwghl.bd.jd.ikfs.nrtp," and "nfl.ly.fiwghl," showcasing a variety of captivating visual content.
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Kidtu; K.Nfhtpe;juh[d; Ph.D. cjtp NguhrpupaH fy;tpapay; Jiw mofg;gh gy;fiyfofk; fhiuf;Flp B.ED II Year Unit -1
fw;wy; Nehf;fq;fs; Foe;ijfis ghjpf;Fk; gy;tif FiwghLfis mwpjy; Nfl;ly; jpwdpy; fhzg;gLk; FiwghLfis Gupe;Jnfhs;jy; Ngr;Rjpwd; Fiwghl;bd; jd;ikia Gupe;Jnfhs;jy; ghh;it Fiwghl;bd; tpisTfs; gw;wp Ma;jy;
Foe;ijfis ghjpf;Fk; gy;tif FiwghLfs Nfl;ly; FiwghL ghh;it FiwghL Ngr;R FiwghL kdj;jpwd; FiwghL
fhJ Nfl;ly; Fiwghl;bd; jd;ikfs; nrtp vd;gJ Ik;Gyd;fspy; xd;whFk;. Gyd;fspy; jiyahdjhFk; MFk;. Nfl;ly; %yk; xyp czh;jpwd; fpilf;fpwJ. ek; md;whl tho;f;ifapy; xyp kpfTk; ,d;wpaikahjJ MFk;. Xyp %ykhfj;jhd; ehk; xUtUNuhL xUth; njhlh;G nfhs;sTk; KbAk;. fw;wYf;F Nfl;ly; kpfTk; mtrpakhdjhFk;. Nfl;ly; jpwdpy; fhzg;gLk; FiwghLfs; fhJ Nfl;ly; FiwghL vdg;gLk;. mjhtJ xUthpd; fhJ Nfl;Fk; jpwd; gFjpahfNth my;yJ KOikahfNth Fd;wpapUf;Fkhdhy; mjid fhJ Nfl;ly; FiwghL vdyhk;.
Nfl;ly; FiwghL fhJ Nfl;ly; FiwghL vd;gJ mjd; jd;ik kw;Wk; tiffis rhh;e;J gy gphpTfshf gphpf;fg;gLfpwJ. fhjhy; ,ay;ghf Nfl;fty;y xypia czh;tjpy; cs;s rpf;fiy nghWj;J ,it gy tiffshfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. Nfl;Fk; jpwd; nlrpgy; vDk; myfhy; Fwpf;fg;gLfpwJ. nlrpgy; msT mjpfhpf;FNkahdhy; xypapd; msT mjpfhpf;Fk;.
Nfl;ly; FiwghL fhJ Nfl;Fk; jpwd; 25-40 nlrpgy; vDk; mstpy; fhzg;gLkhapd; mjid Nyrhd FiwghL vd;fpNwhk;. ,j;jifa ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shd Foe;ijfSf;F nkJthdFuypy; NgRtijNfl;f ,ayhJ. fhJ Nfl;Fk;jpwd; 40-70 nlrpgy; vDk;mstpy; fhzg;gLkhapd; mJ kpjkhd mstpyhd FiwghL vd;fpNwhk;. ,j;jifa ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shFk; Foe;ijfs; fhJ Nfl;Fk; cjtpAld; xypfis czu ,aYk fUtpapd;
Nfl;ly; FiwghL ;fhJ Nfl;Fk; jpwd; 70-95 nlrpgy; vDk; mstpy; ,Uf;Fkhdhy; jPtpu FiwghL vd;fpNwhk;. ,th;fspd; xyp czh;jpwd;kpfTk; Fiwthf mjhtJ gpwhpd; thairit itj;Nj nghUs; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; jpwd; nfhz;ltuhf ,Ug;gh;. irif %yk; nghUs; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; jpwd; nfhz;ltuhf ,Ug;gH ngUk;ghyhd xypfis ,th;fs; czuKbahJ. 95 nlrpgy;; mstpw;F Nkk;gl;Nlhh; Nfw;Fk; jpwdw;wth;fshf fUjg;gLth;. ,th;fSf;F fhJ Nfl;Fk; fUtp jpwd; tha;e;jjhf ,Uf;fhJ. Thairtpd; %yKk; irifapd; %yNk ,th;fshy; nghUs; cauKbAk;.
Nfl;ly; jpwd; ,og;gpd; tiffs; flj;J jpwd; ,og;G vd;gJ ngUk;ghyhd Foe;ijfSf;F Vw;gLfpwJ. Gwr;nrtp> eLnrtp> fhJ Foha;> nrtpg;giw> eLnrtpapy; fhzg;gLk; Ez;zpa vYk;Gfs; (Mrpf;fps;];) gpur;rpidfshy; ,e;jg; ghjpg;G Vw;gLfpwJ. Mfpatw;wpy; Vw;gLk;
Nfl;ly; FiwghL Nfl;ly; FiwghL xypahdJ fhjpDs; flj;jg;gLtjpy; cs;s Fiwghl;il Fwpf;fpwJ. ,jdhy; nrtpg;giw mjph;tilAk; jd;ik Fiwe;J> Nfl;Fk; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpwJ. rspahy; eL nrtpapy; milg;G Vw;gLjy;> nrtp Neha; njhw;Wfs;> nraypog;G> nrtpg;giwapy; rpW Jthuq;fs;> nrtpg;ghijapy; Neha;j;njhw;W> xt;thik> gpwo;e;jpUj;jy; Mfpait flj;J jpwdpog;Gf;F fhuzq;fshf mikfpd;wd. jpwd; (Eustachian Tube) fhJFohapd; fl;bfs;> nrtp ,ay;epiy
Nfl;ly; jpwd; ,og;gpd; tiffs; Gyd; euk;G jpwd; ,og;G (Sensor Neural Hearing Loss-SNHC). ,it nrtp euk;Gfspy; kw;Wk; cl;nrtpapy; Vw;gLk; Vw;gLfpwJ. nrtp euk;Gfs; gOjiltjhYk; ,j;jifa ghjpg;Gfs; Vw;gLfpwJ. Cochlea vDk; gFjpapy Vw;gLk; ghjpg;G rhh;e;j nraypog;Gfs; epue;ju ghjpg;Gfis cUthf;Ffpd;wd. vdpDk; fhJ Nfl;Fk; fUtp cjtpAld; ,ay;ghd xypia czuyhk;. kpf mjpfkhd rj;jj;ij fhjhy; Nfl;Fk; NghJ cl;nrtp gOjilfpwJ. fhw;wpd; mOj;jj;jpy; Vw;gLk; khWghl;lhy; ghjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. rpy tif cly; eyf;FiwTfs;> fl;bfs;> rpy tif kUe;Jfshy; Vw;gLk; gpd;tpisTfs;> nrtp cl;Gw vYk;Gfspy; fhzg;gLk; mjPj tsh;r;rp vd gy;NtW fhuzq;fshy; ,j;jifa ghjpg;Gfs; czlhfpd;wd. ghjpg;Gfshy; cl;nrtpAk; nrtp euk;GfSk;
Nfl;ly; jpwd; ,og;gpd; tiffs fyg;G jpwd; ,og;G (Mixed Hearing Loss) flj;Jjpwd; ,og;G jpwd; (Conductive hearing Loss) kw;Wk; Gyd; euk;G jpwd; ,og;G (SNHL) Mfpad ,ize;J rpyUf;F Nfl;ly; jpwid ghjpf;fpd;wd. ,jid fyg;Gj; jpwd; ,og;G (MixedHearingloss)vd;fpNwhk;. nrtp kz;lyj;jpy; Vw;gLk;ghjpg;Gfs; jtpu gpw fhuzq;fshYk; Nfl;ly; jpwd; ,og;G Vw;gLfpwJ. %isapy; Vw;gLk; rpyghjpg;Gfs; xyp czh;jpwid ghjpf;fpd;wd. %is nraypog;G> rpy tif jiy typfs;> %isf;fl;bfs;> %isAld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;s nrtp euk;Gfspy; ghjpg;Gfs; Nghd;wtw;why; Nfl;ly; jpwd; ,og;G Vw;gLfpwJ. nrtpj;jpwd; ,ay;ghf cs;s epiyapYk; Nfl;Fk; jpwd; Fiwe;J rpy Foe;ijfs; fhzg;gLth;. ,j;jia gpur;rpid kd eyk; Fd;wpfhzg;gLtjhy; Vw;gLfpwJ.
fhJ Nfl;ly; Fiwghl;bw;fhd rpfpr;ir Kiwfs fhJ Nfl;ly; Fiwghl;bw;fhd rpfpr;ir Kiwfs; gy Kiwfspy; mspf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,it Nfl;ly; jpwdpd; msT>Fiwghl;bd; tif. epue;juj; jd;ik>Mfpa fhuzpfshy; khWgLfpwJ. Foe;ijfspd; Nfl;ly; jpwid Rkhh; ,uz;L tajpypUe;J Nrhjpf;fyhk;. gs;spg; gUtj;jpy; ,ay;ghd Foe;ijapd; Nfl;Fk; jpwd; E}W rjtPjk; ,Uf;Fk;. nghJthf taJ Kjph;r;rp Vw;gLk; NghJ fhJ Nfl;Fk; jpwd; nkJthf Fiwaj; njhlq;FfpwJ.
fhJ Nfl;ly; Fiwghl;bw;fhd rpfpr;ir Kiwfs fhJ Nfl;Fk; fUtp nghUj;Jjy;> fhJ mf mWit rpfpr;ir. nrhl;L kUe;Jfs; %yk; rpfpr;ir Mfpait Nfl;ly; Fiwghl;il ePf;Fk; tif Kiwfs; MFk;. gapw;rp ngw;w ts ika cjtpahsh;fshy; irif %yk; nghUs; czuitf;Fk; Kiw Nfl;ly; FiwghLs;NshUf;F cjtpfukhf cs;sJ.
Ngr;Rjpwd; Fiwghl;bd; tpisTfs; Ngr;R vd;gJ xyp tbtpyhd jfty; njhlh;ig Fwpf;fpwJ. Fuy;>ruskhd cr;rhpg;G Mfpad Ngr;irgpwUf;F GhpAk; tz;zk; tbtikf;fpd;wd. ,tw;wpy; fhzg;gLk; gpur;rpidfNs Ngr;R jpwd; FiwghL vdg;gLk;. mjhtJ xUth;rhpahf> ruskhf> gpwUf;F GhpAk; tz;zk; NgRtjpy; rpukg;gLthuhapd ghjpf;fg;gl;lth; vd mwpag;gLfpwhh;. Xyp cr;rhpg;G FiwghLfs;> jpf;fpg; NgRjy; Mfpad Ngr;Rj;jpwd; Fiwghl;bw;F cjhuzq;fs; MFk;. ngUk;ghyd Ngr;Rj;jpwd ;FiwghLfs; tha;> njhz;il> cjL Mfpatw;wpd; ,af;fk; rhpad Neuj;jpy; xOq;fhf ,ay;ghf mikahjjhy; Vw;gLfpd;wd. ,it rpyUf;F NyrhfTk; rpyUf;F jPtpukhfTk; Fiwghl;il Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd. Xypg;G> mth; Ngr;R jpwdhy;
Ngr;R jpwd; FiwghL Ngr;R jpwd; FiwghL gy;NtW fhuzq;fshy; Vw;gLfpd;wJ. vdpDk; ,j;jifa FiwghLfs; vspjpy; Fzg;gLj;j $bajhfTk; ,ay;ghfNt khWk; epiy nfhz;ljhfTk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. cjhuzkhf Foe;ij gUtj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; koio nkhop> cr;rhpg;G FiwghLfs; gpd;dh; ,ay;ghfNt khwptpLfpd;wJ. jpf;fp NgRjypy; fhzg;gLk; ,ay;ghfNt rhpahfp tpLfpd;wd. jpf;fp NgRjy; ePbf;fpd;wJ. ,NjNghy; Nghf;fpy; FiwghLfs; rpyUf;F mhpjhf gy fhyk; fhyg;
Ngr;R jpwd; FiwghL Ngr;Rld; njhlh;Gila jirfspy; gyk; Fd;wp fhzg;gLtjhYk; thjKk; euk;G kz;lyk; kw;Wk; %is ghjpf;fg;gLtjhy; Vw;gLfpd;wd. jiy kw;Wk; fOj;J gFjpfspy; tpgj;Jfshy; ghjpg;G Vw;gLfpd;wd. jiy kw;Wk; fOj;J gFjpfspy; tpgj;Jfshy; ghjpg;G Vw;gLkhapd; mit euk;G kz;lyj;ij ghjpj;J Ngr;R Fiwghl;bw;F top tFf;fpwJ. euk;G ghjpg;Gfshy; Vw;gLk; Ngr;R FiwghLfs; kpfTk; rpf;fyhdjhf mikfpwJ. XU Fwpg;gpl;l xypia vOg;Gtjpy; rpyh; rpukg;gLth;.
fz;lwpjy; nghJthf Ngr;Rjpwd; Fiwghl;bw;fhd %yj;ij fz;lwpjy; vspikahdjy;y. vdpDk; rpy tif Ngr;R Fiwghl;bw;fhd fhuzq;fs; ntspg;gilahf mwpAk; tz;zk; mikfpwJ. cjhuzkhf Nfl;ly; ,og;G> euk;G kz;ly ghjpg;G> %is ghjpg;Gfs; Ez;zwpT FiwghL> Nghij kUe;Jfis gad;gLj;Jjy;> cjL gpsT> mz;zk; gpsT> Fuy; ehiz jtwhfg; gad;gLj;Jjy; Mfpatw;iw $wyhk;. Ngr;Rj; jpwd; Fiwghl;il rhp toq;fg;gLfpd;wd. mit Ngr;Rj;jpwd; Fiwghl;bd; jd;ikia nghWj;J khWgLfpwJ. rpW tajpy; fhzg;gLk; FiwghLfSf;F Ngr;Rgapw;rp rpwe;j gad; juty;yjhFk;. nra;a gytif gapw;rpfs;
ghu;it FiwghL ghh;it FiwghlhdJ ghh;it jpwd; ,og;ig Fwpf;fpd;wJ. jpwdhy; xsp kw;Wk; epwk; czUk; Mw;wy; Vw;gLfpwJ. ghh;it jpwdpy; Vw;gLk; Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.mJNt nghUs; czUk; jpwidFiwf;fpd;wJ. vdNt ghh;it jpwdpy; Vw;gL;k; ghjpg;Gfs; ghh;it Fiwghl;bid Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. mJNt nghUs; czUk; jpwid Fiwf;fpd;wJ. ghh;it Fiwghl;bid rPh;gLj;j fz;fz;zhbia gad;gLj;jyhk;. epiy vdf; nfhs;syhk;. fz; fz;zhbia gad;gLj;jpAk; ,ay;G epiyia ngwhj Foe;ijfisNa ghh;it nfhs;syhk; ghh;itj; vdNt ghjpg;Gfs; ghh;itFiwghl;il ,jid ghh;it,ay;G Fiwghl;lhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;Nlhuhff;
ghu;it FiwghL 20/40 -20/60 vDk; epiyapy; fhzg;gLk; ghh;it ,og;G kpff; Fiwthd ghh;it vd;fpNwhk;. 20/70 20/160 vDk; epiyapy; fhzg;gLk; ghh;it ,og;G kpjkhd ghh;it ,og;G vd;fpNwhk;. 20/200 20/400 vDk; epiyapy; ,tw;iw jPtpu ghh;it ,og;G vd;fpNwhk;. 2/50 20/10000 ghh;it kq;fpNahh; gphpit rhh;e;jtuhf fUjg;gLth;. 20/10000 f;F Nkw;gl;bUg;gpd; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpwJ. ,th;fs; xsp Mw;wypd;wp fhzg;gLth;. mJ kw;Wk; ghh;itaw;w epiy vd epwj;ij czUk;
ghu;it FiwghL nghJthf ghh;it jpwd; ,og;ig rhp nra;a fz;zhb ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,jdhy; ghh;it ,ay;Gepiyia milfpwJ. rpy tif ghh;itj; jpwd; FiwghLfSf;F mWit rpfpr;ir toq;fg;gLfpwJ. epue;ju ghh;itj;jpwd; FiwghLk; rpy Foe;ijfSf;F fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,it gpwtp NfhshwhfTk;> Neha; njhw;W ghjpg;GfshYk;> tpgj;JfshYk; kugZ FiwghLfshYk; tp\ jhf;FjyhYk; Vw;gLfpd;wd.
ghu;it FiwghL cyf Rfhjhu epWtdk; (WHO) d; mwpf;ifapd;gb 80% ghh;it FiwghLfs; Fzg;gLj;jjf;fJ. jf;f rpfpr;ir toq;Fjy; ghh;itia ngw ,aYk;. 2012 Mk; Mz;bd; fzf;nfLg;gpd;gb fz; ghh;it Fiwghl;lhy; 285 kpy;ypad; kf;fs; ghjpf;fg;gl;bUe;jdh;. mjpy; 246 kpy;ypad; Ngh; Nyrhd ghh;itapog;ghYk; ghjpf;fg;gl;bUe;jdh;. %yk; ,ay;ghd
ghu;it FiwghL nghJthf Foe;ijfis ghjpf;Fk; ghh;it FiwghLfs; gpwtp NfhshWfshy; Vw;gLfpwJ. rpy tif Neha; njhw;WfSk; fz;ghh;it Fiwghl;il Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. fUtpop ghjpg;G kw;Wk; Nrjkiljy; Mfpatw;why; KO ghh;it ,og;G (Total blindness) Vw;gLfpwJ. fpl;lg;ghh;it> J}ug;ghh;it Mfpa FiwghLfs; Foe;ijfisg; ghjpf;fpd;wJ. ,jid newpg;gLj;j fz; fz;zhbfs; nghUj;jg;gLfpd;wd. ,jdhy; ghh;itj;jpwd; rhpg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. ,j;jifa ghh;it ghjpg;Gfs; tpyfy; gpiofs; vdg;gLk;. khWf;fz; FiwghLk; ,j;jifa tifiar; rhh;e;jJ. Kf;fpakhd fz; Neha; MFk;. Giu ePf;f rprpr;ir %yk; ,f;Fiwghl;il rhp nra;a ,aYk;. %is ghjpg;GfSk; %is gpur;rpidfSk; fz;ghh;it ,og;ig Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd. thjNeha; fhuzkhf fz;ghh;itapy; FiwghL Vw;gLfpwJ. FYf;Nfhkh (Glucoma) vdg;gLk; fz; mOj;j Neha; nghJthf tajhdth;fis jhf;ff;$baJ. mhpjhf mit Foe;ijfl;F Vw;gLfpwJ. fz; Giu Neha; Foe;ijfis ghjpf;Fk;
ghu;it FiwghL fz; my;yJ %isapd; xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l ghfq;fs; Neha; njhw;why; ghjpf;fg;gl;lhNyh> Nrjkile;jhNyh mtw;why; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; nrayfs; jilgLfpd;wd. xU fhl;rpia cs;thq;fp mwpthf gjpaitj;jypy; fz; kw;Wk; %isapd; xUq;fpizg;G mtrpakhfpwJ. vdNt> fz; kw;Wk; %isapd; xUq;fpizg;G mtrpakhfpwJ. vdNt> fz; kw;Wk; %isapd; ghfq;fs;; ghjpf;fg;gLtjhy; mjdhy; ngwg;gLk; mwpT Fiwe;Jtpl tha;g;Gfs; Vw;gLfpd;wd. ,j;jifa ghjpg;Gfshy; jPtpu ghh;itapog;Gk; KOikahd ghh;itapog;Gk; Vw;gl tha;g;G cs;sJ. ,j;jifa ghjpg;Gspy; ghh;it Fiwghl;il KOikahf rhp nra;jy; ,ayhJ. midj;J tpjkhd ghh;itapog;GfSk; ghh;it FiwghL vdg;gLfpwJ.
rpfpr;ir fz;zpd; mfg;Gwj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; mOj;jk; FYf;Nfhkh vDk; Neha; ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. ghjpg;GfSf;Fs;shfpd;wd. ,J ngUk;ghYk; ghjpf;fpwJ. Foe;ijfSf;F ,j;jifa Njhd;Wfpd;wd. ghh;it FiwghLfSf;fhd rpfpr;ir toq;fg;gLtjw;FKd;ghf rpy Nrhjidfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wd. Visual Accity test vdg;gLk; VAT Nrhjidapy; vOj;Jfspd; msT nghpjhfTk; rpwpjhfTk; xU tiu glj;jpy; Fwpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk.; mij rw;W J}uj;jpypUe;J ghh;j;J gbf;f Ntz;Lk;. ve;j mstpy; ghh;g;gjw;F rpukg; gLfpwhh;fNsh mij itj;J Fiwghl;bd; jd;ik mwpag;gLfpwJ. ,jdhy; xsp euk;Gfs; tajhdth;fis kl;LNk ghjpg;Gfs; Neha; mhpjhf
Nrhjid Visual field test vdg;gLk; ghh;it fs Nrhjidapy; ghh;it gf;fthl;by; vt;tsT J}uk; tiu ,ay;ghf cs;sJ vd mwpagLfpwJ. Tonometry vDk; Kiwiaf; nfhz;L fz; mOj;jk; Nrhjf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,j;jifa Nrhjid KbTfspd; mbg;gilapy; fz; fz;zhbahy; rhp nra;jy;> mWit rpfpr;ir> nrhl;L kUe;Jfis gad;gLj;Jjy; Nghd;w rpfpr;ir Kiwfs; ghpe;Jiuf;fg;gLfpd;wd. epue;ju ghh;it VJthd ghh;itapoe;NjhUf;fhd fw;Fk; KiwAk; fw;wy; fUtpfSk; gad;gLfpd;wd. jf;f gapw;rp ngw;w gapw;Wduhy; ,it ghh;itapoe;NjhUf;F gad;gLfpd;wd
kPs;ghu;it Nfl;ly; jpwdpy; fhzg;gLk; FiwghLfs; fhJ Nfl;ly; FiwghL vdg;gLk;. mjhtJ xUthpd; fhJ Nfl;Fk; jpwd; gFjpahfNth my;yJ KOikahfNth Fd;wpapUf;Fkhdhy; mjid fhJ Nfl;ly; FiwghL vdyhk;. Xyp cr;rhpg;G FiwghLfs;> jpf;fpg; NgRjy; Mfpad Ngr;Rj;jpwd; Fiwghl;bw;F cjhuzq;fs; MFk;. ghh;it FiwghlhdJ ghh;it jpwd; ,og;ig Fwpf;fpd;wJ. ghh;itj; jpwdhy; xsp kw;Wk; epwk; czUk; Mw;wy; Vw;gLfpwJ. vdNt ghh;it jpwdpy; Vw;gLk; ghjpg;Gfs; ghh;itFiwghl;il Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.
ghu;it Ehy;fs; Ferrer-Vinent, S. T. , & Ferrer-Vinent, I. J. (2009).A selective annotated bibliography for clinical audiology (1988 2008): Reference works.American Journal of Audiology, 18, S77 S81. Fulton, A.B., Hansen, R.M., and Peterson, R.A. 1982. The relation of myopia and astigmatism in developing eyes. Ophthalmology 89(4):298-302. [PubMed]
