EU Disintegration as Cultural Insurrection: Anti-Enlightenment Tradition
Statement on the historical roots of EU disintegration in the anti-Enlightenment tradition, contrasting it with the Enlightenment values of human rights, individualism, and democracy. The impact of national political culture on European policy-making and the challenges faced in balancing integration and disintegration within the EU law framework are highlighted. Various perspectives and examples are discussed, providing insights into the complexities of the current European socio-political landscape.
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Presentation Transcript
Tamas Dezso Ziegler EU Disintegration as Cultural Insurrection of the Anti-Enlightenment Tradition
Statement EU disintegration is a result of a centuries-old tradition in the Western world anti-Enlightenment Zeev Sternhell: Anti-Enlightenment Tradition (Yale Univ. P.) Isaiah Berlin: Counter-Enlightenment Steven Pinker from Harvard: Enlightenment Now (bestseller) Pippa Norris/Ronald Inglehart: Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit, and Authoritarian Populism Oxford University Press (2019) European studies + political science: no coherent theory A revival of constructivism is needed! 3
A different tradition Enlightenment Anti-Enlightenment Supports human rights Limits/abolishes human rights Stresses individualism, egalitarianism Stresses tribalism and the nation Universalism Racism/ethnocentrism Authoritarian elitism, attacking enemies Democratic decision making, pluralism Rational Emotional Gender equality Sexism, machoism Mutual respect of nations, cooperation Social darwinism, struggle for survival 4
Epicenters of EU disintegration Human rights (Daniel Kelemen: new democratic deficit) leaders and emotionalism instead of human rights and tolerance) Refugee law (attacking individualism, human dignity, universalism) Single market (protectionism + state aid) (overtly nationalism + no self restraint) Brexit (emotionalism, delusion Paul Beaumont) NATIONAL POLITICAL CULTURE AFFECTS EUROPEAN POLICY MAKING! (nation, strong post-collonial 5
Equilibirum of integration/disintegration EU law always contained elements of both tradition! Not only a tradition of Enlightenment Democratic deficit (F llesdal-Hix) Elitism: no annulement of acts for everyday people: no constitutional control + no conversation with everyday Europeans Oligarchisation: new noblemen Discriminitation based consumer law Visa policy: no individual treatment (when the approach is used in refugee law, many are embarassed) Fundamental rights cannot be applied (see Art. 51 of the Charter of fundamental rights) on habitual residence in 6
Conclusions Anti-Enlightenment shapes the acquis: materials change in the dynamic equilibirum tradition re- EU level: No collapse: change + reverse spillovers: anti-Enlightenment tradition tries to dominate (see EPP) National level: Enlightenment values these tendencies strenghtening of a mythical past should strenghten to counter + avoid 7
Kurultj Tribal Gathering, 2018 THANK YOU FOR YOU ATTENTION! 8
