Euglena and Paramecium: Characteristics and Reproduction Explained
Explore the unique structures and functions of single-celled organisms like Euglena and Paramecium. Learn about their eukaryotic nature, distinctive features, and reproductive processes. Discover how these organisms navigate their environments and reproduce efficiently. Dive into the world of Protists and uncover the fascinating details of these microscopic life forms.
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Presentation Transcript
Euglena and Paramecium Euglena and Paramecium
Euglena Structure Euglena are in the domain Eukaryotes Eukaryotes are cells or organisms with cells that contain a nucleus. The opposite of a eukaryote is a prokaryote. Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus or defined organelles. Eukaryotes include anything under the classification of plants, animals, fungi. Prokaryotes include bacteria, blue-green algae, and mycoplasma. .
Euglena Are single-celled organisms with the following structures or organelles: mitochondria, nucleus, vacuole, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, and flagella. Euglena are unique in that the outer layer of the cell includes a flexible membrane called the pellicle. The pellicle supports and contains the plasma membrane, much like a cell wall would in plants. They may also have an eyespot or photoreceptor that functions as a light sensor
Eyespot helps them sense light. Can be autotrophic (produces their own food) Waste- Contractile Vacuole holds excess water and removes it from the cell. Movement- Flagella
Paramecium is unicellular and eukaryotic, so they are kept in the kingdom Protista. They are ciliated protozoan and come under phylum Ciliophora. The cell size varies from 50 to 300 . The cell is ovoid, slipper or cigar- shaped The cellular cytoplasm is enclosed in a pellicle. Pellicle consists of an outer plasma membrane. Cilia protect from the depressions in the pellicle and cover the entire body surface. They are used for locomotion and taking nutrient-rich water inside the oral groove.
Paramecium Reproduction Asexual Reproduction in paramecium is by binary fission. The mature cell divides into two cells and each grows rapidly and develops into a new organism. Under favorable conditions, Paramecium multiplies rapidly up to three times a day. Sexual reproduction in Paramecium is by various methods. In conjugation, two complementary paramecia come together and there is a transfer of genetic material.
