European Age of Exploration: Goals, Technology, and Countries
Discover the motivations behind European exploration during the Age of Exploration, including trade routes, spreading Christianity, and seeking wealth. Learn about the technology advancements that fueled exploration, such as the caravel and astrolabe. Explore the key countries involved, including Portugal, Spain, and India, as well as the impact of treaties like the Treaty of Tordesillas. Find out how other nations like England, the Netherlands, and France entered the race for exploration and power in the region.
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Presentation Transcript
Why did Europeans want to explore? What where they looking for? Who was involved?
Main Goals: Trade Spices and luxury goods from Asia Current trade routes are by land needed an alternative Resources Spread Christianity God, glory, and gold
Technology: New ship design Caravel Sturdier Triangular Sails (copied from Arab ships) allowed it to sail against the wind Astrolabe (Muslim) Magnetic Compass (Chinese) Sextant
Main Countries: Portugal Spain Prince Henry - very interested in exploration Paid for Christopher Columbus s journey Founded a navigation school Wound up in the Caribbean instead of Mapmakers, instrument makers, shipbuilders, scientists, and sea captains India Biggest competitor with Portugal Explored Coast of Africa Traveled around southern tip Created a trade empire in Asia
Treaty of Tordesillas Modification of the Line of Demarcation Affected newly discovered lands Drew a line through the Atlantic Ocean Lands to the west would belong to Spain Lands to the east would belong to Portugal
Other Countries: 1600s, the English and Dutch began to challenge Portugal s dominance The Dutch Republic (the Netherlands), recently declared their independence from Spain Quickly became a leading sea power Soon owned the largest fleet in the world (20,000 vessels) Both countries had formed an East India Company The companies could mint money, make treaties, and even raise their own armies The Dutch East India Company was richer and more powerful than England s company
British and French Attempt to gain power in the region English East India Company focused on trade with India, cloth trade French East India Company low profits Various countries continued to compete against each other Tensions with Asian powers
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