Evolution of Indian Writing in English: A Historical Overview
Explore the evolution of Indian literature in English, from its inception approximately two hundred years ago with works by Sake Dean Mahomet and Henry Vivian Derozio, to the emergence of notable poets and novelists like Bankimchandra Chatterjee and Sarojini Naidu. Delve into the themes of Indian poetry and fiction in English, the influence of English education in India under British rule, and the development of Indian drama in English pre-independence.
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INDIAN WRITING INDIAN WRITING IN ENGLISH IN ENGLISH A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW
Indian Literature in English Also called Indo-Anglian Literature Has a pan-India presence Depicts the cultural and social reality Begins approximately two hundred years ago : Sake Dean Mahomet (1759-1851) The Travels of Dean Mahomet, a Native of Patna in Bengal, through Several Parts on India (1794) First Indian Poems in English (1827) by poets like Henry Vivian Derozio (1809-1831) published in early nineteenth century Mostly imitative of the British Romantic poets First Indian Novel in English : Rajmohan s Wife (1864) by Bankimchandra Chatterjee First Indian Drama in English : The First Parsi Baronet (1866) by C.S. Nazir
English Language in India Under the British Rule: Anglicists: Indians who wanted English Language in India Orientalists : Study based on Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic Prominent Indians who wanted English to be taught in India: Raja Ram Mohan Roy Prince Dwarkanath Tagore (Bramho Samaj) Ram Camul Sen
Minutes of 1835 Lord T.B. Macaulay (1800-1859) Lord William Bentinck Governor General of India at the time English Education Act of 1835 passed
Indian Poetry in English Themes Nature Love Death Nostalgia Patriotism Indian Myths and Legends Social Reform Prominent Poets Henry Louis Vivian Derozio ( 1809-1831) Kashiprosad Ghose (1809-1873) Michael Madhusudan Dutt (1824-1873) Toru Dutt (1856-1877) Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902) Sri Aurobindo (1872-1950) Sarojini Naidu (1879-1949)
Indian Fiction in English Themes during 1860 to 1920 Women and their position in Society Life in Rural India History Romance Prominent Novelists Bankimchandra Chatterjee (1838-94) Toru Dutt (1856-77) Raja Rao Mulk Raj Anand Romesh Chunder Dutt
Pre-Independence Indian Drama in English Refer to Bharata s Natyashastra (approx. 3rdCentury BC): deals with the origin of Drama, theory, stage, music, acting and dance English theatre in India began in the Presidency towns of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras 1914: The Post Office by Rabindranath Tagore Prominent Dramatists Michael Madhusudan Dutt Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) Sri Aurobindo (1872-1950) Harindranath Chattopadhyaya (1898-1992)
Pre-Independence Indian Prose in English Essays, treatises, speeches, life writings, travelogues, etc. Themes Reformist History Religion Philosophy Personal Essay Prominent Prose Writers Raja Ram Mohan Roy M. K. Gandhi B.R. Ambedkar Jawaharlal Nehru Bal Gangadhar Tilak Rajendra Prasad Swami Vivekanada Sri Aurobindo Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
Early 20thCentury Indian Poetry in English Rabindranath Tagore : Gitanjali Sri Aurobindo : Savitri Sarojini Naidu Indian Poetry after Independence Nissim Ezekiel (1924-2004) A K Ramanujan (1929-1993) B Parthasarthy (1943) Jayanta Mahapatra (1928) Dom Moraes (1938-2004) Kamala Das (1934-2009) K. N. Daruwala (1937 2020) Agha Shahid Ali (1949-2001)
Indian Fiction in English in the 20th Century Three Periods after 1920: 1920-1950 : Mulk Raj Anand, Bhabani Bhattacharya, R K Narayan, Raja Rao 1950-1980 : Anita Desai, Arun Joshi, R K Narayan, Khushwant Singh, Ruskin Bond 1980 present day : Salman Rushdie, Shashi Deshpande, Namita Gokhale, Allan I Sealy, Upmanyu Chatterjee, Nayantara Sehgal Indian Writers from the Diaspora: Salman Rushdie, Jhumpa Lahiri, Rohinton Mistry, Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni Cotemporary Writers of Indian Fiction in English: Arundhati Roy, Cyrus Mistry, Gita Hariharan, Amitav Ghosh, Shashi Tharoor, Vikram Seth, Amit Chaudhuri, Manju Kapur, Anita Nair, Aravind Adiga
Post Independence Indian Drama in English Asif Curriumbhoy (1928-1995) Girish Karnad (1938-2020) Gurcharan Das (1943) Pritish Nandy (1947) Nissim Ezekiel (1924-2004) Gieve patel (1940) Mahesh Dattani (1958) Poile Sengupta (1948)
Post Independence Indian Prose in English Nirad C. Chaudhuri Khushwant Singh Jug Suraiya Amartya Sen Kuldip Nayar Gita Mehta Vikram Seth R. K. Narayan Jayanta Mahapatra APJ Abdul Kalam
