Exploring Conceptual Modelling and Data Structures Beyond Relational Databases
Dive into the world of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data, along with the importance of conceptual modeling like EER in building data structures beyond traditional relational databases. Understand the different types of data structures and their significance in modern information systems.
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Conceptual modelling (e.g. EER) as a basis for data structures beyond relational a sketch ISI 2016 Bettina Berendt 25 October 2016
Structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data
Structured, semi- structured, and un- structured data 3
Structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum
A little bit of structure Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data The structure can be visual syntactic semantic (and often a combination of these)
A text about books. Does this have structure, or does it contain structured information? Gambardella has just published a useful book for all computer aficionados: the XML Developer s Guide. At a whopping 44.95 $, however, it may not be On 16 December 2000, Kim Ralls finally gave her readers Midnight Rain. In this long-awaited third volume of her trilogy, a former architect battles corporate zombies, an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen of the world.
What about this? Gambardella has just published a useful book for all computer aficionados: the XML Developer s Guide. At a whopping 44.95 $, however, it may not be On 16 December 2000, Kim Ralls finally gave her readers Midnight Rain. In this long-awaited third volume of her trilogy, a former architect battles corporate zombies, an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen of the world.
XML structured data <?xml version="1.0"?> <catalog> <book id="bk101"> <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author> <title>XML Developer's Guide</title> <genre>Computer</genre> <price>44.95</price> <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date> <description>An in-depth look at creating applications with XML.</description> </book> <book id="bk102"> <author>Ralls, Kim</author> <title>Midnight Rain</title> <genre>Fantasy</genre> <price>5.95</price> <publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date> <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies, an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen of the world.</description> </book> </catalog>
XML structured data Such information marked up in a text (or: XML semi-structured data) <?xml version="1.0"?> <catalog> <book id="bk101"> <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author> <title>XML Developer's Guide</title> <genre>Computer</genre> <price>44.95</price> <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date> <description>An in-depth look at creating applications with XML.</description> </book> <book id="bk102"> <author>Ralls, Kim</author> <title>Midnight Rain</title> <genre>Fantasy</genre> <price>5.95</price> <publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date> <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies, an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen of the world.</description> </book> </catalog> <author>Gambardella</author> has just published a useful book for all <genre>computer</genre> aficionados: the <title>XML Developer s Guide</title>. At a whopping <price>44.95 $</price>, however, it may not be On 16 December 2000, <author>Kim Ralls</author> finally gave her readers <title>Midnight Rain</title>. In this long-awaited third volume of her trilogy, <description>a former architect battles corporate zombies, an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen of the world.</description>
XML structured data XML semi-structured data (2) <?xml version="1.0"?> <catalog> <book id="bk101"> <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author> <title>XML Developer's Guide</title> <genre>Computer</genre> <price>44.95</price> <publish_date>2000-10- 01</publish_date> <description>An in-depth look at creating applications with XML.</description> </book> <book id="bk102"> <author>Ralls, Kim</author> <title>Midnight Rain</title> <genre>Fantasy</genre> <price>5.95</price> <publish_date>2000-12- 16</publish_date> <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies, an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen of the world.</description> </book> </catalog>
Renear (2004) and van der Weel (ND) Text Encoding Initiative Markup Roots in digital text processing International collaboration [1987] Data exchange as a primary motivating factor (NINES) Language used to identify particular text objects, in context Representing Text TEI Examples Support 12 SI 675 Digitization for Preservation Winter 2011
Example: The Canterbury Tales Project This project, like most scholarly projects in the humanities, uses the XML ("eXtensible Markup Language") implementation created by the Text Encoding Initiative.
A rational reconstruction of some parts of TEI: An underlying ER model (1) <p> Paragraph p contains Sentence s contains Clause cl </p> contains
A rational reconstruction of some parts of TEI: An underlying ER model (1) <p> Paragraph p Note: The model also contains sequential information (e.g. as relationships follows between paragraph and paragraph, between sentence and sentence, between clause and clause). This is not shown here to keep things simple. contains Sentence s contains Clause cl </p> contains
A rational reconstruction of some parts of TEI (2)
A rational reconstruction of some parts of TEI (3) PS: Barbara recommends a different encoding of variants ( choice ) and refers to https://www.academia.eu/4131782/The_Commedia_Project_Encoding_System
There are more sophisticated ways of doing this E.g.: Massimo Franceschet, Donatella Gubiani, Angelo Montanari, Carla Piazza: From Entity Relationship to XML Schema: A Graph-Theoretic Approach. XSym 2009: 165-179 http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F97 8-3-642-03555-5_14 (only if you really like maths!)
XML structured data XML semi-structured data <?xml version="1.0"?> <catalog> <book id="bk101"> <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author> <title>XML Developer's Guide</title> <genre>Computer</genre> <price>44.95</price> <publish_date>2000-10- 01</publish_date> <description>An in-depth look at creating applications with XML.</description> </book> <book id="bk102"> <author>Ralls, Kim</author> <title>Midnight Rain</title> <genre>Fantasy</genre> <price>5.95</price> <publish_date>2000-12- 16</publish_date> <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies, an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen of the world.</description> </book> </catalog> How to query such data? E.g. give me all books written by Kim Ralls , give me all lines containing an unclear passage Xpath (Corpus Linguistics, Linguistics in AI; in December) But no queries across relations!
