Exploring IoT Network Infrastructure and Solutions
Dive into the realm of Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, addressing the scalability and challenges faced in this emerging industry. From device management to data analytics, discover how IoT systems are structured and optimized for efficiency. Explore innovative solutions like lwIP/uIP/uIPv6 and 6LoWPAN that cater to the unique requirements of IoT devices, ensuring seamless communication and performance. Learn about key considerations in IoT network design and the adoption of web technologies in the evolving landscape of IoT applications.
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Presentation Transcript
Internet Architecture in an IoT World By Justin Cray
Why am I Here? Designing systems that just work
Why am I Here? Making the Internet Scalable Modular Adaptable Standardized
IoT: An Emerging Industry ~30 billion IoT devices by 2020 [1] Global market value of will reach $7.1 trillion by 2020 [2] Effectively unlimited applications IEEE Internet of Things Journal
IoT is Big Network infrastructure Device management Data analytics Naming and addressing (IPV6)
IoT is Small Low power Low memory Limited processing capabilities
Solution: lwIP/uIP/uIPv6 Reduction of the memory requirements and code size for the communication stack (8 and 16 bit microcontrollers) [5] One packet buffer Half-duplex way, using it in turn for transmission and reception To retransmit, get packet from application
Solution: 6LoWPAN IETF specification IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks [6]/[8]
Solution: 6LoWPAN IEEE 802.15.4 low-rate wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs) Header compression Compress the 40-byte IPv6 and 8-byte UDP headers by assuming the usage of common fields Fragmentation and reassembly IEEE 802.15.4 has a frame length of maximum 127 bytes does not match the MTU of IPv6 (1280 bytes) Stateless auto configuration Devices automatically generate their own IPv6 address, use duplicate address detection (DAD).
Solution: Web of Things (IETF) Adopting key web technologies such as HTTP, REST, SOAP, JSON and XML for IOT [7]
Solution: Web of Things (IETF) Request-response nature of HTTP Event-driven nature of many IoT applications
Solution: Web of Things (IETF) Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) Light-weight alternative to HTTP using a binary representation and a subset of HTTP s methods (GET, PUT, POST, and DELETE) DNS-SD CoAP Web Services follow the semantic and naming conventions that describe how services will be represented in DNS DTLS Encrypting datagrams, develop lightweight versions
Solutions Summary Layer Unconstrained Constrained Application Application REST API HTTP/TLS CoAP/DTLS Transport TCP/UDP UDP Network IPv4/IPv6 IPv6/6LoWPAN Data Link 802.3, 802.11 802.15.4 Physical Physical Physical
Case Study: Smart HVAC Control in IoT Advisor: Dr. David R. Schneider IoT sensors in building Temperature, occupancy, humidity, etc. Machine learning scheduling algorithm Turn the HVAC system off when room is unoccupied
Final Thoughts What internet architecture do we need for the next big idea
Citations [1] A. Nordrum, Popular Internet of Things forecast of 50 billion devices by 2020 is outdated, IEEE Spectrum, vol. 18, 2016. [2] Hsu, C. and Lin, J. (2016). An empirical examination of consumer adoption of Internet of Things services: Network externalities and concern for information privacy perspectives. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, pp.516-527. [3] Antonio J. Jara, David Fernandez, Pablo Lopez, Miguel A. Zamora and Antonio F. Skarmeta Lightweight MIPv6 with IPSec support ,A mobility protocol for enabling transparent IPv6 mobility in the Internet of Things with support to the security, [4] Adam Dunkels, Full TCP/IP for 8-Bit Architectures. In Proceedings of the first international conference on mobile applications, systems and services (MOBISYS 2003), San Francisco, May 2003. [5] "Cisco, Atmel and the Swedish Institute of Computer Science (SICS) Collaborate to Support a Future Where Any Device Can Be Connected to the Internet". Cisco. October 14, 2008. Retrieved February 2, 2015.
Citations [6] Z. Shelby and C. Bormann, 6LoWPAN: The Wireless Embedded Internet, Wiley, ISBN: 978-0-470-74799-5, 2009 [7] R. Gurram, B. Mo and R. Gueldemeister, A Web Based Mashup Platform for Enterprise 2.0, Web Information Systems Engineering, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 144-151, Vol. 5176, 2008. [8] Z. Shelby, Embedded web services, Wireless Communications, IEEE 17(6) (December 2010), 52 57 [9] Olsson, J.: 6LoWPAN demystified, Texas Instruments, 13 p. (2014) [10] Rooney , Tim. IP address management for the Internet of Things. North American IPV6 Summit, Rocky Mountain IPV6 Task Force, April 22 2015, Plaza Tower One Conference Facilities, Greenwood Village, CO. Lecture.
