Exploring Video Encoding and Codecs
Delve into the world of video encoding and codecs, from understanding the importance of compression standards like H.264 to the evolution of video formats. Learn how these technologies facilitate seamless video distribution and playback across various platforms, empowering content creators with efficient solutions. Discover the impact of codec advancements on video quality, file sizes, and the future of multimedia content creation.
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Presentation Transcript
video just a bunch of images shown in sequence?
https://onlinegiftools.com/images/examples-onlinegiftools/seagull.gifhttps://onlinegiftools.com/images/examples-onlinegiftools/seagull.gif
https://blog.schoolspecialty.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Flipbook-Animation.gifhttps://blog.schoolspecialty.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Flipbook-Animation.gif
from left to right: 1-bit graphic (max. 2 colors), 4-bits graphic (max. 16 colors), 8-bits graphics (max. 256 colors) and 24-bits graphic (max. 16.777.216 colors) -- https://www.drububu.com/tutorial/image-types.html some of the road so far https://cgenglab.github.io/en/ https://youtu.be/LCTYRqW-ne8?list=PLRs8ATEDKRp_eVMpKjp9_J46hwycYQ3og&t=924 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VscA-ZvL1VA https://content.dnalc.org/content/c16/16904/16904_translation_advanced.mp4
size is the issue codecs are the answer 1000 rows * 1000 columns = 1,000,000 pixels/image 1,000,000 pixels/image * 4/bytes/pixel = 4,000,000 bytes/image 4,000,000 bytes/image * 30 images/second = 120,000,000 bytes/second 120,000,000 bytes/second * 60 seconds/minute = 7,200,000,000 bytes/minute 7,200,000,000 bytes/minute * 100 minutes/film = 720,000,000,000 bytes/film 720,000,000,000 bytes/film * 2 films/human/month = 1,440,000,000,000 bytes/human/month 1,400,000,000,000 bytes/human/month * 8,000,000,000 humans = too much (11,520,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes/month - 11.5 sextillion)
codec encoding and decoding video, generally speaking https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDeL7-49qm4
H.264 / mpeg 4 essentially opened the tap to enable widespread video across the Internet
H.264, mpeg 4 Advanced Video Coding, also referred to as H.264 or MPEG-4 Part 10, is a video compression standard based on block-oriented, motion- compensated coding. It is by far the most commonly used format for the recording, compression, and distribution of video content, used by 91% of video industry developers as of September 2019. It supports a maximum resolution of 8K UHD. https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.264 hardware also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264/MPEG-4_AVC_products_and_implementations
H.265 High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), also known as H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2, is a video compression standard designed as part of the MPEG-H project as a successor to the widely used Advanced Video Coding (AVC, H.264, or MPEG-4 Part 10). In comparison to AVC, HEVC offers from 25% to 50% better data compression at the same level of video quality https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding compared to 264, visual https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-wVNCfliLs
compared to 264, technical (sort of) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fawcboio6g4
video compression there are compression techniques for video which go beyond those used for images most of these are about the addition of the time-domain
video compression For video, we also have temporal techniques realize that the next frame is usually going to be very similar to this one. . save the first image . for the second, just save the changes from the first, not the whole image
compression Video compression has a few other tricks as well If the camera moves that way The image moves that way So just send the vector
I frames, P frames, P frames (--Wikipedia)
This is due to a missing I-frame have you ever seen this effect when watching a video? https://youtu.be/GGcWLY5lfTI?t=4
Video editing software/platforms https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_video_editing_software
ffmpeg the king of video tool software open source the heart of many/most video platforms
ffmpeg, open source video editing software, par excellence FFmpeg is part of the workflow of many other software projects, and its libraries are a core part of software media players such as VLC, and has been included in core processing for YouTube and BiliBili. Encoders and decoders for many audio and video file formats are included, making it highly useful for the transcoding of common and uncommon media files. --Wikipedia, ffmpeg
ffmpeg, open source video editing software, par excellence back to ffmpeg https://ostechnix.com/20-ffmpeg-commands-beginners/ ;gives an idea of what functionality ;we re talking about https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MPV7JXTWPWI ;a reasonable level ;useful, but not too intense ;and with < a trillion details
