Fate Maps in Developmental Biology
Explore the construction and methods of preparation of fate maps, essential tools for studying cell fate determination during early embryonic development. Discover how natural and artificial marking techniques aid in tracing cell lineages, and learn about the genetic methods used in mapping cell fates. Dive into the significance of fate maps in understanding the developmental processes of various organisms, including Drosophila.
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Presentation Transcript
Construction of blastula map based on the trajectories of tagged or marked cells. They showed the fate of every region of blastula under normal developmental conditions are referred as fate map . The area of the future germ layers during the blastula stage is referred as presumptive .
Methods of preparation of fate maps Construction of fate map by natural marking Construction of fate map by artificial marking Vital stain marking Carbon particle marking Radioactive labeling method Histochemical and cytological methods Genetic method
Construction of fate map by natural marking The cytoplasm of fertilized eggs of some animals such as ascidian has natural color differences in its various region. On the basis of Pigment differentiation
Construction of fate map by artificial marking Vital stain marking
Carbon particle marking method developed by Spratt in 1946. Tiny particles of carbon applied to the surface of the embryo. Instead of carbon, other type of adhering particles such as chalk can also used. Radioactive labeling method This is doing with the help of autoradiography.
Histochemical and cytological methods Variety of natural markers (specific molecules of cells) used in the fate map construction with success such as: Melanin granules (chick retinal pigment cells) Glycogen (can stained with acid-schiff reagent or PAS) Alkaline phosphatase Such markers reflect metabolic activity of the cell which might change during the observation. Genetic method: This method used in genetic mosaics (gynandromorphs) by Hotta and Benzer (1972) to construct map in Drosophila melanogaster.
Uses of fate maps Following the mechanism of gastrulation. Know the position of local tissues. Cell lineage study (cytogeny)
