Fragmentation and Internationalisation of the Labour Force - Key Insights
Understanding the challenges of fragmentation and internationalisation in the labour force, implications of diverse working arrangements, EU labour mobility, and societal perceptions towards the European social model.
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Fragmentation Fragmentation and internationalisation internationalisation of and the labour labour of the force force Mijke Houwerzijl ReMarkLab conference 19 May 2016
Juncker: "A normal work contract is a permanent "A normal work contract is a permanent contract contract and the same pay for the same job at the same pay for the same job at the same place the same place [Sept 2015 European People's Party/Flickr]
Why Why this this message message now now? ? The European social model was the EU s calling card. Citizens were made to believe that the EU would make the Stockholm consensus prevail over the Washington consensus, not just in the north, but also in the east and south of Europe. They are now clearly disappointed, and many of them are backing anti-European politicians promising easy solutions for Europe s complex social problems. Jan Zielonka 2015
Fragmentation Fragmentation of of the the labour labour force force - - 2006 2006: : There is evidence of some detrimental effects associated with the increasing diversity of working arrangements. There is a risk that part of the workforce gets trapped in a succession of short-term, low quality jobs with inadequate social protection leaving them in a vulnerable position. Such jobs may however serve as a stepping-stone enabling people, often those with particular difficulties, to enter the workforce. COM (2006) 708 p 8 (green paper on modernising labour law to meet the challenges of the 21th century)
A A more diverse population and workforce more diverse population and workforce
Intra Intra- -EU labour mobility under several EU labour mobility under several regimes regimes 45 Free movement workers 49 Freedom of establishment 56 Free movement of services
Fragmentation Fragmentation & & internationalisation internationalisation of labour labour force force - - 2016 2016 of the the Under influence of the economic crisis and especially in the troika countries it was tried to increase the labour supply by cutting back on workers rights, decreasing employment protection, de- centralising collective bargaining and encouraging atypical employment. A continent moving West? EU enlargement has triggered labour migration from new MS to the old MS The new forms of migration are more fluid, sometimes irregular, involve circular movements between several countries, and are often related to specific economic sectors of seasonal or heavy jobs.
Blaming immigration rather than the forces Blaming immigration rather than the forces that drive it that drive it She used to work as a supervisor at a large food factory in Wisbech and said she had watched migrants being brought in by agencies, undermining the terms and conditions of English workers. Working patterns had switched from five days a week with overtime at weekends to rolling 12-hour shifts, four days on, four days off. The work got harder and harder, and more and more agency people came in foreigners. Don t get me wrong, some of them were good hard workers, but I went home off one shift and when I came back on the next, they were still there. How can that be legal? http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/may/11/gangsters-on-our-doorstep
D Did id the the promotion/ promotion/protection protectionstrategy strategy fail fail? ? Three EU labour law Directives concerning fixed-term work, part- time work and temporary agency work are aiming to provide equal treatment of atypical workers with comparable permanent and/or fulltime staff concerning employment conditions unless there are objective reasons for different treatment. At the same time these Directives encourage Member States to liberalise the rules for non standard work, to identify and review regulatory barriers to their use.
The answer? A The answer? A European Pillar of Social European Pillar of Social Rights? Rights? Juncker: Europe's ambition should be to earn a 'social triple A'" and that "for EMU to succeed, labour market and welfare systems need to function well and in a fair manner in all euro area Member States Purpose is to build on the social acquis of the EU and, if need be, to review its relevance in light of new trends and to identify possible areas for future action.
On the acquis re flexible On the acquis re flexible and secure contracts : contracts : and secure labour labour a. Equal treatment shall be ensured, regardless of employment contract, unless different treatment is justified on objective grounds. Misuse or abuse of precarious and non-permanent employment relationships shall be prevented. b. Flexibility in the conditions of employment can offer a gateway to the labour market and maintain employers' ability to swiftly respond to shifts in demand; however, the transition towards open-ended contracts shall be ensured.
Posting : from exception to business model Posting : from exception to business model 15
Answer Answer? The of of Workers Workers Directive ? The targeted targeted revision Directive revision of of the the Posting Posting
Daunting Daunting challenges challenges on resocialising resocialising Europe on the the road road to to Europe Any serious Roadmap to a Social Europe must be unflinchingly honest about the immense challenges travellers will face on the road. To get from where we are today to a sustainable economy generating quality jobs, eliminating poverty and radically reducing the obscene wealth gap in modern European society, will demand political courage, intellectual imagination and a capacity for popular mobilisation not seen for more than a generation. John Palmer 2015
O On the road to n the road to resocialising resocialising Member States? Member States? The 2014 public procurement directives open up the possibility for local authorities to impose living wage clauses in their supplier contracts. Implementation of Art. 3(9) Dir 96/71 (Posted Workers Directive) Implementation of Dir 2014/67 (Enforcement Directive) and Dir 2014/54 Platform against undeclared work Relaunching the European social dialogue
