French Revolution Part 2: National Convention, Reign of Terror, and Beyond
Explore the tumultuous events of the French Revolution, including the establishment of the National Convention, Reign of Terror under Robespierre's rule, the guillotine as a symbol of horror, and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte as the ultimate ruler of France. Witness the radical changes that reshaped French society during this transformative period.
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Presentation Transcript
The Radical Days of The French Revolution Part 2 National Convention new legislative body of France National Convention gives suffrage to all male citizens, not just property owner Abolished monarchy Created new Constitution King and Queen executed SUFFRAGE The right to vote
Divided Country Not all support changes Robespierre (shrewd lawyer & politician) Assumes Control Maximilien Robespierre Jacobin leader rules France for year known as the Incorruptible by followers/ tyrant by enemies leader of Committee for Public Safety, dictator Rule by terror criminals lose heads
Reign of Terror Kills many opponents death to traitors! 300,000 arrested - many falsely accused 17,000 executed Thousands die in prisons 85 percent who die during Terror are middle or lower class
The Guillotine - Fast Falling blade instant death Dr. Joseph Guillotine invented as humane way of execution (less gruesome than undependable , messy swords or axes) Became symbol of horror Turn to pages 402 and 403, read infographic about the guillotine
End of the Terror July 1794, Robespierre arrested, executed Moderate leaders write new constitution 1795 Five-man Directory and Two-house legislature established to restore order: Middle class & professional people of bourgeoisie are dominant force Weak & dictatorial Directory held power 1795 - 1799
Politicians turn to Napoleon Bonaparte Corruption, rising prices ,discontent, chaos, rioting New government makes Napoleon Bonaparte, (popular military hero,) commander of armies Wanted him to follow their goals instead he becomes ultimate ruler of France
Revolution Brings Change By 1799 : 10-year-old French Revolution dramatically changed France Dislodged old social order Overthrown monarchy Church under State control Title Citizen applied to people of all social classes All titles of nobility eliminated
Nationalism Spreads Nationalism = a strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one s country Revolution and war give French a feeling of loyalty to country, not to a king as in earlier times many songs and festivals celebrating the nation & revolution La Marseilles becomes French National Anthem Children of the fatherland to march against the bloody banner
Religious toleration Set up State schools to replace religious ones Organized system to help the poor, old soldiers, & war widows Abolished slavery in France s Caribbean colonies Revolutionaries Push for Social Reform
