Fundamentals of Thermodynamics at Mustansiriyah University

This course covers definitions, systems, equilibrium, types of energy, and state variables in thermodynamics. Explore why studying thermodynamics is essential and delve into key concepts such as heat and energy transformations. Gain insights into thermodynamic systems, surroundings, interactions, and different types of systems like open systems.

• Thermodynamics
• Energy
• Systems
• Equilibrium
• Mustansiriyah University

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1. Battle of Kulikovo. September 8, 1380. By: Grigor Nikita Student 9 Class B MOY gymnasium 45 Komsomolsk-on-Amur.

2. Causes. At the beginning of the XIV century the power of the Golden Horde weakened, and the Grand Duke Dmitri Ivanovich refused to pay tribute. Khan Mamai gathered an army and marched on Russia.

3. Events of Battle of Kulikov. Start of the battle. At dawn on September 8, 1380 a Russian monk Alexander Peresvet and a Mongolian warrior Chelubey came together in a battle one-on-one according to the tradition . The fight did not bring victory to any of them. Fatally wounding each other with spears, both the soldier fell. And then the Mongol army and the squad began to battle.

4. Ambush regiment. As the number of the armies of Mamaia was superior to the Russian army, Dmitry Donskoy relied on cunning tactics. The regiment of more than ten thousand soldiers under the command of Dmitry Bobrok was left in the ambush. Suddenly cavalry flew out of the forest in the most difficult moment of the battle . The Mongols fled as they decided that the main Russian forces arrived to the battlefield.

5. Results of the Battle of Kulikov. Fleeing, Khan Mamai escaped to Crimea where he soon died. The Tatars were not able to gather forces for retaliation for another two years. The myth of the invincibility of the Horde was finally dispelled. Russia gained freedom.

6. Sources. http://infoogle.ru/kulikovskaya_bitva_i_dmitri j_donskoj.html https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ _