Gas Mixtures in Garfield Simulation for Cluster Counting
"Explore the impact of different gas mixtures on cluster counting efficiency using Garfield simulation. Learn about cluster density, size, drift velocity, and more for improved reliability. Check out the findings and insights from the study."
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Presentation Transcript
Garfield simulation with Garfield simulation with different gas mixtures different gas mixtures Siman Liu, Linghui Wu, Guang Zhao, Shuiting Xin , Weimin Song Cluster Counting Meeting Sept 30th, 2021
Outline Outline Introduction Ionization Drift velocity Longitudinal diffusion Summary 2025/3/21 2
Introduction Introduction The choice of the gas mixture is essential. To improve reliability of the cluster counting, some characteristics would be expected Low cluster density to achieve high counting efficiency Low drift velocity helps to identify clusters in time Small longitudinal diffusion to avoid overcounting on the clusters with more than one electrons A study with Garfield++ is performed to understand the property of different gas mixtures He + iC4H10 He + C3H8 He + C2H6 He + CH4 In this talk , data on He+CH4 were added. 2025/3/21 3
Cluster density Cluster density Incident particle: 10 GeV/c pion Incident particle: 10 GeV/c pion Gas pressure: 1 Gas pressure: 1 atm atm Cluster density : (at the same ratio of He) iC4H10 > C3H8 >C2H6>CH4 He ratio Cluster density 2025/3/21 4
Cluster size Cluster size Most clusters have only one electron (85~91%) A few percent of clusters have more than two electrons 2025/3/21 5
Drift velocity vs E Drift velocity vs E Gas pressure: 1 atm Increasing ratio of He helps to reduce the drift velocity Increasing ratio of He helps to reduce the drift velocity 2025/3/21 6
Drift velocity vs E Drift velocity vs E Gas pressure: 1 atm With the same ratio of He, He+CH4 has the lower drift velocity With the same ratio of He, He+CH4 has the lower drift velocity 2025/3/21 7
Simulation of drift time to distance relation Simulation of drift time to distance relation and diffusion and diffusion Configurations: Configurations: Cell Cell size: High voltage High voltage on sense wire: on sense wire: 2500V M Magnetic field agnetic field : : 3T Gas pressure: Gas pressure: 1 atm size: 2cm 2cm Electron Electron Drift distance Drift distance 2025/3/21 8
Drift time vs drift distance Drift time vs drift distance Increasing ratio of He helps to reduce the drift velocity Increasing ratio of He helps to reduce the drift velocity 2025/3/21 9
Drift time Drift time When When the ratio of He the ratio of He is 90% He+CH4 He+CH4 and and He+C2H6 He+C2H6 ha is 90% have ve the longer drift time the longer drift time When When the ratio of He the ratio of He is 80% He+C2H6 He+C2H6 ha have ve the longer drift time the longer drift time is 80% 2025/3/21 10
Longitudinal diffusion vs drift distance Longitudinal diffusion vs drift distance The higher ratio of He, the larger diffusion The higher ratio of He, the larger diffusion 2025/3/21 11
Longitudinal diffusion Longitudinal diffusion With the same ratio of He, diffusion of gas with iC4H10 is smaller in most cases With the same ratio of He, diffusion of gas with iC4H10 is smaller in most cases 2025/3/21 12
Summary Summary Comparison of ionization, drift velocity and diffusion between different gas mixtures performed Increasing the ratio of He helps to reduce the cluster density and drift velocity but causes the diffusion to be more serious With the same ratio of He diffusion of gas with iC4H10 is smaller in most cases the gas with CH4 has lower drift velocity and cluster density 2025/3/21 13
Thanks! Thanks! 2025/3/21 14
Back up Back up 2025/3/21 15
Drift velocity Drift velocity vs E vs E Gas pressure: 1 atm 2025/3/21 16
Drift velocity Drift velocity E = 2000 V/cm E = 2000 V/cm E = 2000 V/cm E = 2000 V/cm gas composition gas composition He/IC4H10 (50/50) He/IC4H10 (50/50) He/IC4H10 (60/40) He/IC4H10 (60/40) He/IC4H10 (70/30) He/IC4H10 (70/30) He/IC4H10 (80/20) He/IC4H10 (80/20) He/IC4H10 (90/10) He/IC4H10 (90/10) He/C3H8 (50/50) He/C3H8 (50/50) He/C3H8 (60/40) He/C3H8 (60/40) He/C3H8 (70/30) He/C3H8 (70/30) He/C3H8 (80/20) He/C3H8 (80/20) He/C3H8 (90/10) He/C3H8 (90/10) He/C2H6 (50/50) He/C2H6 (50/50) He/C2H6 (60/40) He/C2H6 (60/40) He/C2H6 (70/30) He/C2H6 (70/30) He/C2H6 (80/20) He/C2H6 (80/20) He/C2H6 (90/10) He/C2H6 (90/10) He/CH4 (50/50) He/CH4 (50/50) He/CH4 (60/40) He/CH4 (60/40) He/CH4 (70/30) He/CH4 (70/30) He/CH4 (80/20) He/CH4 (80/20) He/CH4 (90/10) He/CH4 (90/10) Drift velocity (cm/ Drift velocity (cm/ s) s) 3.835 3.693 3.482 3.139 2.552 3.657 3.457 3.196 2.823 2.287 3.760 3.442 3.084 2.665 2.169 4.364 3.784 3.201 2.619 2.073 gas composition gas composition He/IC4H10 (50/50) He/IC4H10 (50/50) He/IC4H10 (60/40) He/IC4H10 (60/40) He/IC4H10 (70/30) He/IC4H10 (70/30) He/IC4H10 (80/20) He/IC4H10 (80/20) He/IC4H10 (90/10) He/IC4H10 (90/10) He/C3H8 (50/50) He/C3H8 (50/50) He/C3H8 (60/40) He/C3H8 (60/40) He/C3H8 (70/30) He/C3H8 (70/30) He/C3H8 (80/20) He/C3H8 (80/20) He/C3H8 (90/10) He/C3H8 (90/10) He/C2H6 (50/50) He/C2H6 (50/50) He/C2H6 (60/40) He/C2H6 (60/40) He/C2H6 (70/30) He/C2H6 (70/30) He/C2H6 (80/20) He/C2H6 (80/20) He/C2H6 (90/10) He/C2H6 (90/10) He/CH4 (50/50) He/CH4 (50/50) He/CH4 (60/40) He/CH4 (60/40) He/CH4 (70/30) He/CH4 (70/30) He/CH4 (80/20) He/CH4 (80/20) He/CH4 (90/10) He/CH4 (90/10) Drift velocity (cm/ Drift velocity (cm/ s) s) 4.435 4.176 3.854 3.460 3.002 4.048 3.788 3.490 3.153 2.799 4.009 3.699 3.378 3.057 2.757 4.199 3.727 3.316 2.966 2.704 2025/3/21 17
Drift time vs drift distance Drift time vs drift distance 2025/3/21 18
Drift time Drift distance = 0.5 cm Drift distance = 0.5 cm gas composition gas composition He/IC4H10 (50/50) He/IC4H10 (50/50) He/IC4H10 (60/40) He/IC4H10 (60/40) He/IC4H10 (70/30) He/IC4H10 (70/30) He/IC4H10 (80/20) He/IC4H10 (80/20) He/IC4H10 (90/10) He/IC4H10 (90/10) He/C3H8 (50/50) He/C3H8 (50/50) He/C3H8 (60/40) He/C3H8 (60/40) He/C3H8 (70/30) He/C3H8 (70/30) He/C3H8 (80/20) He/C3H8 (80/20) He/C3H8 (90/10) He/C3H8 (90/10) He/C2H6 (50/50) He/C2H6 (50/50) He/C2H6 (60/40) He/C2H6 (60/40) He/C2H6 (70/30) He/C2H6 (70/30) He/C2H6 (80/20) He/C2H6 (80/20) He/C2H6 (90/10) He/C2H6 (90/10) He/CH4 (50/50) He/CH4 (50/50) He/CH4 (60/40) He/CH4 (60/40) He/CH4 (70/30) He/CH4 (70/30) He/CH4 (80/20) He/CH4 (80/20) He/CH4 (90/10) He/CH4 (90/10) Drift distance = 1.0 cm Drift distance = 1.0 cm gas composition gas composition He/IC4H10 (50/50) He/IC4H10 (50/50) He/IC4H10 (60/40) He/IC4H10 (60/40) He/IC4H10 (70/30) He/IC4H10 (70/30) He/IC4H10 (80/20) He/IC4H10 (80/20) He/IC4H10 (90/10) He/IC4H10 (90/10) He/C3H8 (50/50) He/C3H8 (50/50) He/C3H8 (60/40) He/C3H8 (60/40) He/C3H8 (70/30) He/C3H8 (70/30) He/C3H8 (80/20) He/C3H8 (80/20) He/C3H8 (90/10) He/C3H8 (90/10) He/C2H6 (50/50) He/C2H6 (50/50) He/C2H6 (60/40) He/C2H6 (60/40) He/C2H6 (70/30) He/C2H6 (70/30) He/C2H6 (80/20) He/C2H6 (80/20) He/C2H6 (90/10) He/C2H6 (90/10) He/CH4 (50/50) He/CH4 (50/50) He/CH4 (60/40) He/CH4 (60/40) He/CH4 (70/30) He/CH4 (70/30) He/CH4 (80/20) He/CH4 (80/20) He/CH4 (90/10) He/CH4 (90/10) Drift time (ns) Drift time (ns) 142.5 146.3 153.1 165.8 195.4 143.4 151.8 163.1 180.6 216.1 134.4 146.6 162.8 186.3 228.8 114.5 131 151.9 181.3 234 Drift time (ns) Drift time (ns) 429.1 423.9 427 445.2 503.8 372.1 394.3 423.3 467.2 551.5 333.8 368.6 411.5 471.5 577.7 285.8 327.9 378.8 448.4 572.4 2025/3/21 19
