Groundwater and Surface Water Schemes Evaluation Report

WB ADMI April 22, 2015

Component A: WUA Engage an agency to prepare training guidelines and conduct training for field staff. The agency may collaborate with successful NGO such as Sadguru. WUA needs to be involved in following Hydrological monitoring OK card MOM Water Rates Compensation for land donor Use walls/maps to map cropping pattern and irrigation use. Farmer card and WUA cards have been prepared and the monitoring at various level needs to be initiated.

Component B: Schemes Over all Good progress. Pump dug well and Solar package: Please separate solar system. Framework procurement will be adopted in future. Tubewells: Good start by adopting new installation and investigations processes, however more attention is needed for geo-resistivity as well as electologging (digital?). The reasons of underperformance of TW needs to be examined.

Groundwater Schemes Pre-construction Geophysical electrical resistivity surveys need to be carried more intensely, so that the data gathered is interpreted to get clear understanding on the subsurface formations, the water quality, nature of well design. Geophysical surveys need to focus on the identification of salinity, arsenic contamination and other quality issues. Drill cuttings gathered during tubewell construction need to systematically interpreted by field geologists. Fossils in the samples if any need to be identified and packed systematically for studying its origin as fresh water/saline water. Ideally Gravel pack should be installed for the entire depth. Sanitary sealing need to be installed from the surface to 5 metres below ground level Well development currently limited to cleaning using compressor should also include jetting by forcing fresh water into the screened portion.

Groundwater Schemes Arbitrary selection of Pump need to be replaced by systematic procedures involving Step drawn down and long duration pump test. The Tube well neighbourhood comprising of the drilled well, the water storage tank and electrical switch box should not be crowded together. There should be working space around tube well for major maintenance repairs. multi probe digital logging, aquifer parameter tests, packer tests etc. The tube well need to be protected by security box for installation of Digital Water Level Recorder (DWLR), flow meter. Shallow tube-wells constructed in Jalpaiguri district need additional protection. In the present design they have neither a platform nor protective GI casing pipe. These lie submerged within the irrigated plots and are highly prone to submergence and siltation. Many of the tube wells are likely to be lost in few years if left exposed.

Surface Schemes Improved compaction methods: For compaction of earth, rollers (plain / sheep foot etc) are not deployed. Huge earth work is reported to have been compacted by hand rammer. Compaction of earth work by rollers is essential for achieving designed density. Tanks: The deepening of tank bed is done for enhancement of capacity of the storage: Earth is excavated in the basin from the toe line of dam itself which may affect the safety of dam section. Normally safe distance of 10H is kept from toe of dam where H is depth of water. This could be judiciously reduced if required. Impervious soil cover ( black cotton soil) existing in many of the basins is being removed and pervious soil below is exposed. This may result in water loss due to seepage loss from storage water. The issue needs examination.

Surface Schemes The huge quantity of earth obtained from excavation is being dumped all around the dam and adjoining villages. Dumping may be done in planned way at pre decided locations with proper spreading and dressing. The floor of Energy Dissipation Arrangement (EDA) has been casted but the baffle / friction blocks are to be constructed. The reinforcement has not been embedded for friction blocks. For stability of blocks reinforcement should have been embedded. Now it may be embedded in 30 cm rich wearing coat which is to be casted. The concrete of weir body wall is being plastered for final finish. Normally concrete is not plastered.

Surface Schemes Design of surplus structure (weir), is done as broad crested weir. If design is done as sharp crested weir then the structure could be more economical (by about 15%). As value of Coefficient of Discharge (Cd) for broad crested weir is 1.72 and Cd for sharp crested weir is 2.10. The advantages and disadvantages may be evaluated and proper design may be adopted.

Solar System Good Progress in various districts. Some specifications and installation procedures could use some improvements Data loggers with flow meters have been installed. Pipe may be replaced as HDPE in under process with some negotiation with supplier. Battery may be provided if need is felt by WUA. Trainings are needed for both sides (client) as well as providers. A hands on training will be conducted in Jalpaiguri by Bank expert for both DPMU engineers as well providers. All the districts are advised to participate.

Component B: Others Electrification Still time consuming and needs to be expedited. An agency will be engaged to install Ultrasonic or EM based flow meter with GSM system to log the discharge. They will be maintained at least for one year and then will be moved to next batch. This will provide the water used in each scheme and will provide evidence for performance. Same may also be calibrated with electric meter reading to determine future usage of water. It means the current analog meter in bids may be discontinued. Wherever the contractor has not installed, he may be advised not to install it.

Component B; QA/QC QA/QC cell headed by CE needs to be constituted. Adjacent district may work as QA/QC that would serve as learning lessons from neighbor. Testing of raw material is rarely done and on basis of eye judgement work is Okayed. OMC and MDD should have been worked out to ascertain proper compaction. Random testing of concrete quality is needed. Discharge is required for each scheme during performance test. The contractors should be advised to bring digital flow meter for pumping test and transmit data immediately to MIS. OK card needs to be put in practice immediately. Third party consultancy procurement is in progress.

Component C Introduction of Water management based activities with the support of expert agencies : end to end services. Improved Agricultural activities Introduction of new equipment, drip and sprinkler, greenhouse, shed Horticulture activities Fisheries. FFS now to be Farm Water school and will consider water management interventions and water monitoring. As PPP is the one associated in post handover shcemes.

SWID Compile data for georesisitivity, lithology and borehole logging in tubewell. Understanding of geology is further needed particularly where large number of installations are happening. Share Water level data with ADMI project. No procurement progress???

Procurement Framework (unit rates will be developed at SPMU and procurements will be made by DPMU as per requirement, suitability of services etc) - Solar systems - Drip, Sprinkler - Seed - Machinery

Lessons learnt Lessons learnt Cluster Strategy has benefitted in following: - Reduced social conflicts as all the neigboring villages are getting benefitted rather than selective ones. - Easy to manage for community mobilization - Integrated Transformer for clusters: better deal (65 k instead of 40 k for two clusters), but in case it goes wrong, it will affect large number.

MIS and monitoring (MU) MIS and monitoring (MU) The project has made excellent progress at setting up MIS (good efforts of MIS team) It is only meant for Baseline, the proforma for regular monitoring is needed in particular water use and availability. Integration with GIS is needed. Both the teams need to work together and no duplication of data requirement. Monitoring is yet to be put in place The MIS/GIS need to be made accessible to DPMUs so that they can also make use of same. The monitoring system need to be developed from Farmer, WUA, DPMU to SPMU levels.

MIS needs to updated Update and Share following with SWID to update the database Discharge of each scheme following pumping test Geo resistivity: Don t approve Administrative approval Lithology Borehole logging: Update it Ask contractors to get digit loggers.

MIS How to ensure update? Make it useful for DPMUs, Link with the release of payments Please cooperate? GIS is progressing well.

Greivance Publicize contact info including Display board and other pubic places. The list of Schemes is updated and anonymous status may be posted by anybody alongwith the issue.

And the Winners are: