High-Bandwidth Memory Accelerator for Weather Prediction Modeling
"Explore the NERO high-bandwidth memory stencil accelerator for weather prediction modeling, aiming to mitigate performance bottlenecks and enhance energy efficiency in CPU+FPGA heterogeneous systems. Results show significant improvements in performance and energy consumption compared to traditional systems."
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NERO: A Near High-Bandwidth Memory Stencil Accelerator for Weather Prediction Modeling Gagandeep Singh, Dionysios Diamantopoulos, Christoph Hagleitner, Juan G mez-Luna, Sander Stuijk, Onur Mutlu, and Henk Corporaal 30th FPL, Sweden 31th August 2020
Stencil Computation in Weather Modeling COSMO (Consortium for Small-Scale Modeling) Around 80 complex stencils Horizontal diffusion Vertical advection Image Source: NVIDIA/MeteoSwiss: An example of COSMO simulation with cloud patterns over Switzerland and surrounding areas 2
Motivation and Goal Memory bound with limited performance and high energy consumption on IBM POWER9 CPU 104 Performance [Gflops] 103 POWER9 socket (486.4 Gflops/socket) 102 58.5 Gflops (64 threads) (64 threads) Vertical Advection Horizontal Diffusion 29.1 Gflops 101 100 10 1 101 100 102 Arithmetic Intensity [flop/byte] Goal: Mitigate the performance bottleneck of weather prediction kernels in an energy-efficient way Evaluate the use of near-memory acceleration using a FPGA+HBM connected through IBMCAPI2 (Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface) 3
NERO: A Near High-Bandwidth Memory Stencil Accelerator for Weather Prediction Modeling First near-HBM FPGA-based accelerator for representative kernels from a real-world weather prediction application Data-centric caching with precision-optimized tiling for a heterogeneous memory hierarchy In-depth scalability analysis for both DDR4 and HBM-based FPGA 4
Heterogeneous System: CPU+FPGA CAPI2 Source: AlphaData Source: IBM POWER9 AC922 HBM-based AD9H7 board We evaluate two POWER9+FPGA systems: 1. HBM-based AD9H7 board Xilinx Virtex Ultrascale+ XCVU37P-2 5
Heterogeneous System: CPU+FPGA CAPI2 Source: AlphaData Source: IBM POWER9 AC922 DDR4-based AD9V3 board We evaluate two POWER9+FPGA systems: 1. HBM-based AD9H7 board Xilinx Virtex Ultrascale+ XCVU37P-2 2. DDR4-based AD9V3 board Xilinx Virtex Ultrascale+ XCVU3P-2 5
Results NERO outperforms a 16-core IBM POWER9 system by 4.2x and 8.3x when running two compound stencils NERO reduces energy consumption by 22x and 29x NERO provides energy efficiency of 1.5 GFLOPS/Watt and 17.3 GFLOPS/Watt Hardware acceleration on an FPGA+HBM is a promising solution for weather modeling 6
NERO: A Near High-Bandwidth Memory Stencil Accelerator for Weather Prediction Modeling Gagandeep Singh, Dionysios Diamantopoulos, Christoph Hagleitner, Juan G mez-Luna, Sander Stuijk, Onur Mutlu, and Henk Corporaal 30th FPL, Sweden 31th August 2020
