History of Drum Industry: Evolution & Achievements

A Brief History of the Drum Industry Highlights 0 100 AD 1859: Oil Drums 1901: Nellie Bly 1620: Pilgrams 1782: George Washington Cooper Shop 1stUS Steel Drum Oil Industry uses wooden barrels Wooden Barrel Wooden barrels come to America on Mayflower The wooden barrel is mentioned several times in the bible: Exodus 25 John Alden served as ships cooper on Mayflower; opens cooperage facilities in Massachusetts George Washington maintained a large cooperage shop in Virginia The wooden barrel became the standard container to transport oil when discovered in Titusville, PA: 42 gallons Nellie Bly designed and produced the 1stU.S. steel drum. Based on a European design. Reusable Industrial Packaging Association 01 2019

A Brief History of RIPA Highlights 1941 1948 1970 1980 1985 ICCR Formed RCRA: Empty Drum National Barrel and Drum Association Morris Hershson Hired 1stInternational Conference in Kyoto, Japan NABADA Formed; led by Ray Cabry, who became 1st President; Phil Pearlman 1stVP JDRA hosted the 1st International Conference in Japan. RIPA obtains approval from U.S. EPA for the empty container rule . The Association s first Executive Director, Morris Hershson hired. Served for 35 years JDRA, SERRED and RIPA/NABADA formed inter- national group.

A Brief History of RIPA Accomplishments 1986 1990 1992 1995 1996 RCM Adopted Performance packaging rules UN adopts reconditioning rules UN authorizes PCR for plastic drum mfgr. RIPA defeats ISRI scrap drum proposal in Congress RIPA adopts Responsible Container Mgmt. One of first Codes of Practice for any US association. DOT adopts PP rules; New rules for reconditioning; marking; remanu- facturing; includes minimum thickness for reuse. ICCR leads effort at UN to adopt new global system for steel & plastic drum reconditioning. RIPA/PDI/ICPP lead effort at UN to permit use of recycled plastic in production of plastic drums. Scrap industry sought liability exclusion for lightly contaminated scrap containers. RIPA defeats proposal.

A Brief History of RIPA Accomplishments 2002 2003 2011 2012 - 2016 Ultrasonic leak testing UN adopts IBC reprocessing rules RIPA stops proposed federal effluent rule RIPA stops EPA drum furnace regulation IBC inner receptacle leak test exception UN adopts ICCR proposal to allow composite IBC reuse; new procedures for reprocessing, new definitions & marking rules RIPA defeats EPA effort to impose costly new pre- treatment rules on reconditioners. Saves industry millions of dollars. RIPA paves way for approval of ultra- sonic leakproofness testers for drums and IBCs RIPA convinces DOT to exempt IBC inner receptacles from leak- proofness test (SP) RIPA convinced EPA to exclude drum furnaces from its Waste Incineration rulemaking. EPA would have required air scrubbers, baghouses

A Brief History of RIPA Accomplishments 2018 - 2019 2019 2022 2023 No More Direct to Scrap EPA releases ANPRM: Potential massive regulation of reconditioning industry EPA tries to regulate recon- ditioner as hazwaste facilities: CLCM RIPA convinces EPA headquarters to retain empty container rule; seeking to create national empty container transport guideline RIPA/ICPP asks UN to allow PCR in IBCs EPA releasees Drum Reconditioner Damage Case Report RIPA & ICPP submit proposal to UN to allow PCR in manufacture of new IBC inner receptacles RIPA creates program to educate companies about laws & regulations governing direct-to- scrap activities EPA report claims many reconditioners operate improperly: set stage for ANPRM RIPA responds to ANPRM, opposing new regulation of industry