HIV and AIDS Data for Transgender People in Asia-Pacific
Explore the latest data and insights on HIV prevalence, epidemiology, and vulnerability among transgender individuals in Asia-Pacific. Discover information on new HIV infections, national responses, and specific HIV prevalence rates in various locations for transgender populations. Stay informed about the trends and challenges faced by male-to-female transgender individuals in relation to HIV and AIDS.
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HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Review in slides Transgender people (male-to-female) Last update: May 2024 www.aidsdatahub.org
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific CONTENT Data availability and population size estimates HIV prevalence and epidemiology Risk behaviors Vulnerability and HIV knowledge National response 2
HIV prevalence and epidemiology www.aidsdatahub.org
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Distribution of new HIV infections by population group in Asia and the Pacific, 2022 7 21 79% of new HIV infections among key populations and their partners 12 43 3 12 2 Sex workers Men who have sex with men Transgender women People who inject drugs Clients of sex workers Non-client partners of key populations Remaining population Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Korenromp EL, Sabin K, Stover J, Brown T, Johnson LF, Martin-Hughes R, et al. New HIV Infections Among Key Populations and Their Partners in 2010 and 2022, by World Region: A Multisources Estimation. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2024;95(1S):e34-e45.
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Percent change in new HIV infections among transgender people, 2010 and 2022 8000 7% increase between 2010 and 2022 6000 4000 2000 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 5 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Korenromp EL, Sabin K, Stover J, Brown T, Johnson LF, Martin-Hughes R, et al. New HIV Infections Among Key Populations and Their Partners in 2010 and 2022, by World Region: A Multisources Estimation. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2024;95(1S):e34-e45.
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific National and location specific HIV prevalence among transgender, countries where data are available, 2016 - 2022 % 50 Yogyakarta City North East Delhi Johor Larkana 40 36.6 Iloilo Banteay Meanchey Pokhara Rajshahi 30 Colombo Chon Buri National 18.2 17.7 20 14 11.9 10.9 9.6 8.5 8 7.1 10 6.1 5.9 4.8 4.2 3.9 3.8 2.3 0.9 0.6 0.5 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indonesia (2018-19) Malaysia (2022) Pakistan (2016-17) Cambodia (2019) Thailand (2020) India Philippines (2018) * Nepal (2017) * Bangladesh (2020) Sri Lanka (2018) (2021, 2016- 17) * Mixed survey sample of MSM and TG. For Nepal, data for Kathmandu is reported as national Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys, Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance surveys and other serological survey reports
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific HIV prevalence among transgender people in cities and geographical locations, 2016-2022 50% 37 40 32.4 30 20 18.2 17.7 16.4 20 14.0 14 12.9 10.9 8.6 8 7.3 6.8 6.5 6.5 6.1 6.1 10 5.9 4.9 2.3 0 Bangladesh (2020) Malaysia (2022) Cambodia (2019) Nepal (2017) India (2016-17) Philippines (2018) Thailand (2020) Pakistan (2016-17) Indonesia (2018-19) Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on HIV Sentinel Surveillance surveys, Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance surveys and other serological survey reports
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific STI and hepatitis prevalence among transgender people, 2016 - 2020 Gonorrhoea Chlamydia Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Syphilis % 30 21.1 20 15.6 13.9 13.8 13.5 11.6 10.0 9.9 9.6 9.2 8.6 10 7.1 6.5 5.8 5.6 5.0 4.6 4.0 2.9 2.8 1.6 1.5 0.5 0 Bangladesh, Sylhet (2020) Cambodia (2019) Indonesia (2018-19) Philippines, Baguio (2018)* Philippines, Cebu (2018)* PNG, Lae (2016-17)* PNG, Port Moresby (2016- 17)* * Mixed survey samples of MSM and TG Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on HIV Sentinel Surveillance Surveys, and Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Surveys
Risk behaviors www.aidsdatahub.org
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Proportion of transgender people who reported condom use at last sex, 2016 - 2022 100% 92 91 84 79 79 76 74 80 73 69 69 60 41 40 40 24 20 0 10 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Behavioral Surveillance Surveys; 2) Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance (IBBS) surveys; 3) Global AIDS Monitoring (GAM) reporting
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Proportion of transgender people who reported condom use at last sex with casual/non-commercial male partners, 2012 - 2020 % 100 93 87 84 75 80 70 59 60 48 40 20 0 Bangladesh (2020) Malaysia (2014) Lao PDR (2012) Indonesia (2018) Cambodia (2019) Nepal (2017) * India (2014-2015) * Kathmandu (mixed sample of MSM and TG) 11 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on 1) Behavioral Surveillance Surveys; 2) Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance (IBBS) surveys
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Proportion of transgender people who reported consistent condom use with casual partners, 2012-2020 last month last 6 months % 100 77 80 63 60 60 60 51 33 40 20 7 0 Pakistan (2016) Bangladesh (2020) Lao PDR (2012) India Nepal* (2017) Cambodia (2019) Indonesia (2018-19) (2014-2015) * Kathmandu (Mixed sample of MSM and TG) Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Behavioral Surveillance Surveys and Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Surveys.
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Proportion of transgender people who reported consistent condom use with male clients, 2012-2020 last month Last 6 months % 100 74 80 73 69 68 65 56 60 40 15.6 20 13 0 Bangladesh (2020) Pakistan (2016) Indonesia* (2018-19) India Nepal (2017)** Lao PDR (2012) Cambodia (2019) Hong Kong SAR (2017) (2014-2015) *TG living with HIV; **Kathmandu (mixed sample of MSM and TG) 13 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Behavioral Surveillance Surveys and Bio-Behavioral Surveys.
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Proportion of surveyed transgender who sold sex or had sex with clients, countries where data are available, 2014 2020 in the last 6 months in last last 12 months undefined period % 100 87 80 73 61 57 55 60 37 40 30 20 0 Bangladesh (2020) Dhaka, Bangladesh (2020) Cambodia (2016) Philippines (2018)* India Indonesia (2018-19)** Malaysia (2014) (2014-2015) *mixed survey sample of MSM and TG; **TG living with HIV 14 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Behavioral Surveillance Surveys and Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Surveys.
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Proportion of transgender people who reported injecting drug use, countries where data is available, 2014-2020 ever last 3 months last year % 5 3.7 4 3 2.4 1.9 2 1.2 1 1 0.2 0.1 0 Bangladesh (2020) Cambodia (2019) India Indonesia (2018-19) Malaysia (2014) PNG Paksitan (2016-17) (2014-2015) (2016-17) * * Mixed survey sample of MSM and TG in Port Moresby 15 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Behavioral Surveillance Surveys and Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Surveys.
Vulnerability and HIV knowledge www.aidsdatahub.org
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Prevailing stigma, discrimination and violence against transgender people 7 Discrimination by health care providers Philippines (Cebu City,2015)* 20 Arrested 11 59 PNG (Port Moresby, 2016-17) Experienced physical violence (ever) Pakistan (2016-17) 24 51 Forced to have sex (ever) Nepal (Kathmandu, 2017)* 39 24 Fiji (2012)* 8 Beaten Cambodia (2016) 32 16 Bangladesh (2015)* Raped 20 10 (%) 0 15 30 45 60 * Experienced in the last 12 months; Arrested ever arrested in Cambodia and last 12 months in Pakistan Data reported for PNG is a mixed survey sample of MSM and TG Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Integrated Behavioral and Surveillance Surveys
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Proportion of transgender people with comprehensive HIV knowledge, 2012-2020 % 100 80 60 45 44 41 40 32 20 20 0 Indonesia (2018-19)* Bangladesh (2020) Philippines (2018) Fiji India (2019-20) (2012) *TG living with HIV 18 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Behavioral Surveillance Surveys and Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Surveys.
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Social justice and human rights are fundamental to address the public health needs of transgender women In India 1 in 5 Transgender women 1 in 4 Transgender women 1 in 5 Transgender women 1 in 6 Transgender women experienced sexual violence in last 12 months In Bangladesh reported being raped in last 12 months In Cambodia have been denied/thrown out of a housing in their life-time In Pakistan have been denied healthcare in their life-time Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Surveys
National response www.aidsdatahub.org
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Prevention coverage among key populations, Asia and the Pacific, 2018 2022 100 Female sex workers 80 Men who have sex with men 60 Percent Percent 54 47 Transgender people 40 31 People who inject drugs 21 20 Regional median* 0 Note: * Calculated based on 11 reporting countries for female sex workers, 9 for gay men and other men who have sex with men, 6 for transgender people and 5 for people who inject drugs. Female sex workers Men who have sex with men Transgender People who inject drugs 21 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Global AIDS Monitoring (GAM) Reporting
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific HIV testing coverage among transgender people, 2017-2022 98 94 100% 95% 89 88 68 67 65 49 43 37 36 17 0 * Small sample (<100) Ulaanbaatar ** Hanoi only Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Surveys; Behavioral Surveillance Surveys and Global AIDS Monitoring (GAM)
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Transgender people remain criminalized in Asia Pacific countries 38 countries criminalize some aspect of sex work countries criminalize same-sex relations 17 countries criminalize transgender people 5 Source: Prepared by www.aidsdatahub.org based on The path that ends AIDS: UNAIDS Global AIDS Update 2023. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; 2023. and Laws and Policies Analytics I Home (unaids.org) 23
HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific THANK YOU slides compiled by www.aidsdatahub.org Data shown in this slide set are comprehensive to the extent they are available from country reports. Please inform us if you know of sources where more recent data can be used. Please acknowledge www.aidsdatahub.org if slides are lifted directly from this site 24
