HYPERTHYROIDISM

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Hyperthyroidism is characterized by excess thyroid hormone production, leading to increased metabolism and various symptoms. Explore its causes, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluation, management, and prevention. Learn about the thyroid gland's vital role in regulating metabolic rate and overall health.

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HYPERTHYROIDISM MR. DINESH SINGH P.G. NURSING TUTOR ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 1

OBJECTIVES Introduction of the Hyperthyroidism. Define the Hyperthyroidism. Explain the causes of Hyperthyroidism. State the clinical manifestations of Hyperthyroidism. Elaborate the diagnostic evaluation of Hyperthyroidism. Discuss the management of Hyperthyroidism. Describe the prevention of Hyperthyroidism. 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 2

Overview of Thyroid gland The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate, growth and development. It plays a role in controlling heart, muscle and digestive function, brain development and bone maintenance. Its correct functioning depends on a good supply of iodine from the diet. 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 3

INTRODUCTION Hyperthyroidism happens when the thyroid gland makes too much thyroid hormone. This condition also is called overactive thyroid. Hyperthyroidism speeds up the body's metabolism. That can cause many symptoms, such as weight loss, hand tremors, and rapid or irregular heartbeat. 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 4

DEFINITION Excessive secretion or synthesis of thyroid hormone by thyroid gland is known as hyperthyroidism, grave disease and thyrotoxicosis. Also temperature, pulse, respiration are increases in this case. 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 5

ETIOLOGY Over function of entire thyroid gland Over treatment of myxedema (Severe advanced hypothyroidism) Plummer s disease (multinodular Goiter) Emotional upset Over work Worry Anxiety Acute infection Stimulation of sympathetic system 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 6

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CLINICAL MANIFESTATION G.I.T Cardiovascular System Appetite increase but weight loss due to improper metabolism. Diarrhea Splenomegaly Hepatomegaly Musculo-Skeletal System Fatigue Muscle weakness Hypertension Tachycardia Bound and rapid pulse Palpitation Respiratory System Dyspnea Increase respiratory rate 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 8

CONT Nervous System Reproductive Difficulty in focusing of eye Amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) Nervousness Menstrual irregularities Insomnia Restlessness Fatigue Lack of concentration 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 9

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION Physical appearance Enlarge neck Protruding eyes Agitating expression due to basal metabolic rate (BMR) 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 10

MANAGEMENT Antithyroid drugs: Most often used to treat an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) Methimazole Potassium iodine therapy B-adrenergic blockers, e.g. Atenolol (to reduce Blood Pressure) 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 11

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT Subtotal thyroidectomy (removal of one lobe) Total thyroidectomy (Removal of gland) 14-02-2025 ROHILKHAND COLLEGE OF NURSING 12