Identifying Arbitrary Memory Access Vulnerabilities

Identifying Arbitrary Memory Access Vulnerabilities
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This research delves deep into privilege-separated software, specifically focusing on identifying arbitrary memory access vulnerabilities. Through meticulous evaluation of individual components and real-world isolations, the study sheds light on the importance of memory isolation as a protective mechanism against attacks that bypass memory boundaries.

  • Vulnerabilities
  • Memory Access
  • Privilege Separation
  • Software Security
  • Systematic Evaluation

Uploaded on Apr 04, 2025 | 0 Views


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  1. 7. Get known: lead generation

  2. 7. Get known: lead generation Lead generation is a marketing strategy aimed at acquiring contacts of potential customers interested in a specific product or service. It is part of the so-called Inbound Marketing, i.e. of that digital marketing methodology which allows, through 4 phases, to identify people who do not know our brand, transforming customers and then into spontaneous promoters of the brand. Compared to the past, both lead generation and inbound marketing have introduced a new element, as they leverage a type of so-called permissive marketing, that is, which consent. them first into requires the users' 2

  3. 7. Get known: lead generation In the past, the most widespread paradigm was that of interruption marketing: a more or less constant bombardment of advertising (billboards, television commercials, telemarketing), not requested by the consumer and often perceived in a negative way as it interfered with his normal them without your consent. Permission marketing, on the other hand, is a strategy that maximizes conversion rates since it is aimed at users who are really interested in our product or service, who have freely given their consent to receive informational promotional. activities interrupting activities and 3

  4. 7. Get known: lead generation What is lead generation As mentioned, therefore, lead generation consists of that set of activities that lead to lead generation, i.e. the creation of contact lists of people who are really interested in our product or service. The classic scheme of lead generation is as follows: the potential customer various channels, directed to a specially created landing page or to our website, and his email address is obtained. is intercepted through 4

  5. 7. Get known: lead generation To get the contact it is essential to offer the user a counterpart in terms of unique content and value, a counterpart that acts like a real magnet and is therefore called a lead magnet in jargon. 5

  6. 7. Get known: lead generation Meaning of leads Contacts acquisition of email addresses. The various forms of possible leads also numbers and chatbots, i.e. those fully automated software that allow you to manage conversations with users in the field of customer care service. do not consist exclusively in the include mobile phone 6

  7. 7. Get known: lead generation A final form of contact, although weaker than the previous ones, is the through the browser, which many sites use to communicate information and updates to users. The main advantage of push notification is to bypass all the privacy authorization issues raised by the recent wals, as this type of notification in addition to immediately requesting consent of the interested party to send notifications, does not collect the user's IP address. push notification made 7

  8. 7. Get known: lead generation It is therefore necessary to think at 360 degrees and think of the relationship with the user in a broader way, considering it in terms of an effective connection with the person concerned and not a mere acquisition of just the email address. 8

  9. 7. Get known: lead generation The advantages of lead generation Lead generation technique, which conversion rates and, consequently, the return on investment (ROI). Another advantage of marketing consists in costs. To identify users interested in our product or service, channeling their traffic to our website or to a specific landing page, it is generally necessary to incur advertising Facebook Ads and Google Ads, for example, are paid platforms. is an extremely you effective maximize allows to this web strategy advertising optimizing costs: both 9

  10. 7. Get known: lead generation Lead generation, on the other hand, through the establishment of a direct relationship with the potential customer, allows advertising costs at least in part. If the interested traffic is identified through positioning techniques (SEO), advertising costs are completely cut down. If the lead is instead investment in advertising Facebook Ads), the costs are in any case lower, because once the lead has been obtained, the relationship with the internalized and nurtured through our organic channels (email , phone contacts). you to avoid search engine obtained (Google through an or Ads potential customer is 10

  11. 7. Get known: lead generation Finally, lead generation allows you to personally manage the various stages of the relationship with the person concerned, responding directly to any questions or specific needs.). 11

  12. 7. Get known: lead generation Lead nurturing Not all acquired leads are the same, in the sense that not all contacts are in the same phase of the purchasing process (the so-called customer journey, represented as a funnel and therefore known as a funnel). As can be easily understood, some people can be very close to the final purchase phase, because for example inquired about our product or service, have made their evaluations and comparisons with similar competitor products and therefore are more inclined to buy, transforming from simple leads into real customers. they have already 12

  13. 7. Get known: lead generation In this case, we are dealing with so-called warm leads, i.e. very close to the final stage of the customer journey. On the other hand, there are people who are not particularly interested in our product or service, in the sense that they are in a phase where they are collecting information and opinions. Perhaps they have not yet clearly made their purchase decision or are simply exploring a potential solution to a latent and not yet fully manifested need. 13

  14. 7. Get known: lead generation In all these cases we are dealing with cold leads, which need to be appropriate web marketing techniques called lead nurturing. Lead nurturing typically consists of inserting the cold lead into an automated email marketing process which, through several steps, manages to warm up the contact and possibly transform it into a customer. Once the e-mail contact has been acquired, a communication process begins through the e-mail channel which have the task of "feeding" the lead, gradually conveying valuable content, insights into the product or service, but also the credibility and authority of the brand. "warmed up" through 14

  15. 7. Get known: lead generation Hot strategies Cold leads have the advantage that they can be obtained quite easily and with lower acquisition costs. Often it is enough to work well on the positioning of your company blog to get contacts. leads and cold leads: the different On the other hand, precisely because they are far from converting, these leads need targeted lead nurturing activities and lead magnet offers, actions which, when appropriately combined, are able to induce the person to purchase the product or service. 15

  16. 7. Get known: lead generation In the case of hot leads, on the other hand, the methodologies to be implemented paying customers are very different, because both the position of the contact in the purchasing process and his/her search intent on the web are different. Acquiring this type of lead is more difficult and usually more expensive, as it typically requires an investment in advertising. On the bright side, though, these leads are much closer to converting and don't require lead nurturing or lead magnet sending. to acquire 16

  17. 7. Get known: lead generation The typical scheme of acquiring a hot lead consists in publishing an advertisement that intercepts an intent very close to the purchase, directing the potential customer to a specific landing page. At this point, if the lead executes the indicated call to action, which can consist of a request for a quote or an appointment, the company must contact the person again, and this normally takes place through a call (callback). At this stage it is essential that the call is timely. Even an extra hour can often make a difference to the conversion. 17

  18. 7. Get known: lead generation As we have just seen, the strategies to implement differ according to the "temperature" of the lead in front of us. There is no univocal and universally valid procedure. There are quasi-customers, for whom perhaps a well-structured landing copywriting may be sufficient to determine the conversion process. And then there are the cold leads, which require time, attention and care, to be accomplished through an thought out lead nurturing process. page with persuasive automated but well 18

  19. 7. Get known: lead generation The bargaining chip: the lead magnet Many think that lead generation basically consists of landing users on a landing page, getting their e- mail address in exchange for sending an e-book and then starting to bombard the contact with a barrage of e-mails almost indiscriminately. As we have already seen, the reality is quite different: the strategies to follow change according to the type of lead we have acquired. Furthermore, sending emails is never random, but takes place according to a precise logic that I will illustrate in the next paragraphs. 19

  20. 7. Get known: lead generation Finally, although the e-book is undoubtedly the most widespread form of lead magnet, it is not a standard rule, and counterpart may not be particularly congenial to our product or service. In lead generation there are no magic formulas that are always valid for everyone. The strategy, methodology and techniques must be the result of a reasoned analysis of our reference sector, of the type of product or service that we offer to the public and also of the search intent of users, which is directly linked to their position in the purchasing process. sometimes even this decision-making 20

  21. 7. Get known: lead generation Types of lead magnets For these reasons, the e-book can represent a good bargaining chip for obtaining a lead, as it provides the user with content, but we can also evaluate other types of lead magnets as well. In addition to the e-book, counterparts to offer to our leads can be: White papers Webinars Trial version of a service Podcasts Recorded interviews Infographics quality and valuable other interesting 20

  22. 7. Get known: lead generation Lead nurturing through email marketing As mentioned, the main lead generation strategy for so-called cold leads consists in carrying out lead nurturing actions through a well-structured and fully automated email marketing process. In fact, these leads need specific and targeted marketing actions that lead them to conversion. For hot leads, on the other hand, it is generally sufficient to create an ad hoc landing page, which takes into account the decision-making phase in which these users are and above all it is necessary to interact with the leads in a timely manner. 22

  23. 7. Get known: lead generation The first thing we need to set up an email automation process for our cold leads is clearly an email service provider. There are many on the market, more or less valid, but in choosing the one to use for our company consideration a specific factor. The platform must offer the possibility of creating sequences (so-called following the completion of a certain action by the user (trigger). we must take into workflows) triggered 23

  24. 7. Get known: lead generation To better understand the optimal way to structure an automation process through email marketing, it is useful to use a practical example. Concretely, it is advisable to divide the user's journey into 2 preparatory steps and 3 levels of detail. The first 2 steps are those necessary to start the process and respectively consist of a user action, typically the subscription followed by the sending of a welcome mail by the company, accompanied by the offer of the lead magnet. to the newsletter, 24

  25. 7. Get known: lead generation The next 3 levels, on the other hand, enter more and more into the conversion process, and can be characterized by sending multiple and scheduled mailings over time. Each level of the process pursues a different goal. The first level aims to illustrate the usefulness of the product or service highlighting its advantages necessary, other lead magnets can be sent, for example the following chapters of the e-book sent previously, or other videos of a training course. a single email or we are offering, benefits. and If 25

  26. 7. Get known: lead generation If the user still doesn't convert, we move to the next level, related to the concept of social proof. One or more emails are sent with the aim of demonstrating the benefits that other people have obtained through the purchase of that particular product or service. You can send case studies built with storytelling techniques, video testimonials, etc. The social proof mechanism is very powerful and generally has a strong appeal to the user. 26

  27. 7. Get known: lead generation People, on average, tend to consider the behaviors or choices that are made by a large number of people more valid , argues Robert Cialdini about the mechanism of social proof. It is the same psychological-social underlying the diffusion of fashions. The last level consists in sending the call to action: an email is sent inviting the user to perform an action that is preparatory to the conversion. mechanism 27

  28. 7. Get known: lead generation Call us! Or Request a quote! could be the formulas to be used in this type of email. In summary, therefore, I report the scheme to follow to implement a mail automation strategy in which to channel the so-called cold leads: Step 1: iscrizione alla newsletter da parte dell utente Step 2 1 sole mail: Welcome mail + lead magnet Level 1:Advantages and Benefits: Usefulness of your product or service (other lead magnets) Level 2: Social proof case studies explaining the benefits gained by other people Level 3: Call to action Call us! / Request a quote! 28

  29. 7. Get known: lead generation Lead generation tools To direct users to the landing page where we offer our product or service, or simply to the pages of our website, there are different tools, and each of them requires different methodologies. The main tools for lead generation are the following: SEO (cold leads) Google Ads (hot leads) Facebook Advertising (cold leads) 29

  30. 7. Get known: lead generation Lead generation with SEO Search engine optimization (SEO) is usually not considered among the traffic sources useful for lead generation. In reality, if used intelligently, SEO can play a truly strategic role in acquiring interested contacts, with the competitive advantage of having no additional costs compared to advertising channels. Through the use of SEO oriented content marketing in our company blog, we can go and intercept many queries of an informative nature, attributable to so- called cold leads. In this phase, the user recognizes that he has a problem and is looking for a solution on the internet. 30

  31. 7. Get known: lead generation Often he is completely unaware of the existence of a specific product or service that can completely satisfy his need. For this reason, the implementation of a company blog built around the analysis of the most sought-after keywords in sector can be an excellent channel for acquiring profiled organic traffic. the respective reference 30

  32. 7. Get known: lead generation In addition to information queries, SEO can be useful in so-called brand queries, i.e. those searches in which the user searches for the name of a specific brand because they already know it and want more detailed information on its products and services. In this case, in addition to obtaining leads, the company blog can be useful for conveying authority and conveying the image of a brand that is a true leader as an expert in that sector. 30

  33. 7. Get known: lead generation But through SEO? It's very simple: once the user is on our company blog, an opt-in must be used, i.e. a software dedicated information. Generally these software use pop-ups, but they can also use other tools. The important thing is that our lead is collected and inserted into the automation process, generally carried out through email marketing, which previous paragraph. how is lead generation concretely done to collecting contact I mentioned in the 33

  34. 7. Get known: lead generation The first recommended step is to offer the new lead a lead magnet that consists of a content upgrade, or the advanced version of the content you are talking about. 34

  35. 7. Get known: lead generation Lead generation with Google Ads Getting interested advertisements, which appear both at the top and bottom of the google search results page is a particularly suitable method for so-called warm leads. It is necessary to create campaigns and ads that are optimized for this type of target, very close to the decision-making phase, and whose search intent can be represented "transactional" or at most navigational query. traffic through Google Ads through a 35

  36. 7. Get known: lead generation The transactional query is a type of search aimed at purchasing a service or product, therefore it contains keywords such as price/cost/quotation. A navigational query, on the other hand, is a search directed towards a specific brand: we can intercept traffic through words related to the name of our brand and in some cases also exploit the name of our competitors to our advantage. Once clicked on the ad, the user lands on a landing page specially created and structured for conversion. 36

  37. 7. Get known: lead generation Lead generation with Facebook Ads On Facebook Ads, the classic method for generating leads is to create a campaign that aims to drive traffic to a landing page specifically created to acquire contacts. The main difference compared to the leads obtained with Google Ads is the temperature of the contacts. While with Google Ads we are dealing with people who have expressed a very specific search intent, on Facebook the public has often not expressed any desire to purchase nor even a request for a quote. 37

  38. 7. Get known: lead generation We reference: people go to social networks above all for the sake of leisure and entertainment. For this reason, on Facebook it can happen that a person clicks on a particular advertisement without really being interested in the automatically and almost unconsciously. must always keep in mind the context of product or service, 38

  39. 7. Get known: lead generation Basically, with Google Ads you go to identify hot leads, i.e. people who are very close to becoming paying customers. Those of Facebook, on the other hand, are almost always cold or even very cold leads, who will need through an automated email marketing process. lead nurturing activities 39

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