IEEE 802.11-16 for Enterprise Wireless Networks
Explore the use of IEEE 802.11-16 in enterprise scenarios, focusing on signal strengths, spatial reuse, channel re-use, interference, and shadowing effects in wireless networking. Gain insights into optimizing network performance and reliability for efficient communication.
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Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 TG ax Enterprise Scenario, Color and DSC Date: 2016-03 Authors: Name Graham Smith Company Address SR Technologies Phone email gsmith@srtrl.com Submission Slide 1 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Background The Enterprise scenario uses four 80MHz channels. Estimating the relative signal strengths between the APs, APs and STAs and STAs can indicate what to expect with respect to OBSS Color and DSC are then added to investigate spatial reuse. Similarly, 9 channel re-use is examined. Submission Slide 2 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Topography 20m 20m AP Layout 4 channels STAs 20m 29m Submission Slide 3 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 4 Channel re-use AP to STA -45dBm AP to AP -64dBm STA to STA -77.5dBm ALL STAs and APs are overlapping Submission Slide 4 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Interference UL Wanted 64 inter BSS UL STAs 1 inter BSS DL AP Interferes Most susceptible Each of the 64 STAs has 64 potential interfering STAs Total links = 4096 Plus each of 64 STAs has one potential interfering AP (ignoring the, up to three, other OBSS networks) Submission Slide 5 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 No Shadowing Wanted signal at each STA (64) Of all 4096 combinations Only 6 have SNIR < 20dB Unwanted signal at each STA from inter BSS STAs (64) Note that difference between strongest to weakest UL wanted RSSI is only 8dB. Wanted signal at each STA (64) Of all 64 combinations Only 2 have SNIR < 20dB Unwanted signal at each STA from BSS AP Submission Slide 6 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 With 5dB Shadowing Wanted signal at each STA (64) Of all 4096 combinations 33 have SNIR < 20dB (varied 14 - 50) Unwanted signal at each STA from inter BSS STAs (64) Wanted signal at each STA (64) Of all 64 combinations 5 have SNIR < 20dB (varied 3 -7) Unwanted signal at each STA from BSS AP Submission Slide 7 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Interference DL Wanted 64 inter BSS UL STAs 1 inter BSS DL AP Interfers Each of the 64 STAs has 64 potential interfering STAs Total links = 4096 Plus each of 64 STAs has one potential interfering AP (ignoring the, up to three, other OBSS networks) Submission Slide 8 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Interference DL due to inter BSS STAs Wanted DL Signals and Unwanted signals from inter BSS STAs at AP AP TX 20dBm wall 7dB -30 -35 -40 -45 Each of the 64 STAs UL Has potential interference from 64 inter BSS STAs UL 4096 combinations. -50 dBm -55 -60 88 have SNIR <20dB -65 With 5dB Shadowing 280-490 have SNIR <20dB -70 -75 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 Submission Slide 9 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Interference DL due to inter BSS AP DL Signals at AP Wanted and from inter BSS AP STA TX 15dBm Shadowing 0dB DL Signals at AP Wanted and from inter BSS AP STA TX 15dBm Shadowing 5dB -30 -30 -35 -35 -40 -40 -45 -45 -50 -50 dB dB -55 -55 -60 -60 -65 -65 -70 -70 -75 -75 -80 -80 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 DL SNIR due to inter BSS AP AP TX 20dBm wall 7dB Shadowing 0dB DL SNIR due to inter BSS AP AP TX 20dBm wall 7dB Shadowing 5dB 30 30 28 28 26 26 24 24 22 22 dBm dBm 20 20 18 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 10 10 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 STAs STAs 36 SNIR <20dB 26-39 SNIR <20dB Submission Slide 10 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 4CH Signal Summary AP TX 20dBm, STA TX 15dBm, Wall 7dB, Shadow 5dB UL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs, 4096 combinations 6 to 50 links <20dB SNIR Interference from inter BSS AP, 64 combinations 2 to 7 links <20dB SNIR DL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs, 4096 combinations 88 to 490 links <20dB SNIR Interference from inter BSS AP, 64 combinations 26 to 39 links <20dB SNIR (36 no shadowing, ) Under legacy conditions, ALL 4096 and 64 combinations SHARE, Note that inter-STA interference <2% UL actually overlap, ~10% DL BUT ~ 50% interference from AP to AP on DL Submission Slide 11 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Using DSC or Color should improve OBSS performance in this particular scenario and improve the TOTAL throughput somewhat. What if we also change the settings slightly? STA TX is 15dBm, what if it was 18dBm? Wall loss is 7dB, what if it was 3dB? BOTH are quite legitimate possibilities. Next slides show that the OBSS changes significantly. Submission Slide 12 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 4CH Signal Summary AP TX 20dBm, STA TX 18dBm, Wall 7dB, Shadow 5dB UL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs, 4096 combinations 100 to 250 links <20dB SNIR (cf 6-80) Interference from inter BSS AP, 64 combinations 2 to 11 links <20dB SNIR (cf 2-7) DL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs, 4096 combinations 88 to 400 links <20dB SNIR (cf 88-490) Interference from inter BSS AP, 64 combinations 4 to 14 links <20dB SNIR (cf 26-39) Submission Slide 13 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 4CH Signal Summary AP TX 20dBm, STA TX 15dBm, Wall 3dB, Shadow 5dB UL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs, 4096 combinations 190 to 400 links <20dB SNIR (cf 6-80) Interference from inter BSS AP, 64 combinations 20 to 28 links <20dB SNIR (cf 2-7) DL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs, 4096 combinations 1424 to 1634 links <20dB SNIR (cf 88-490) Interference from inter BSS AP, 64 combinations 50 to 60 links <20dB SNIR (cf 26-39) Very susceptible to wall loss! Submission Slide 14 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 4CH Signal Summary AP TX 20dBm, STA TX 18dBm, Wall 3dB, Shadow 5dB UL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs, 4096 combinations 768 to 1046 links <20dB SNIR (cf 6-80) Interference from inter BSS AP, 64 combinations 19 to 31 links <20dB SNIR (cf 2-7) DL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs, 4096 combinations 1340 to 1740 links <20dB SNIR (cf 88-490) Interference from inter BSS AP, 64 combinations 37 to 45 links <20dB SNIR (cf 26-39) Submission Slide 15 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 What does this tell us? This investigation shows the amount of OBSS, and how it changes with shadowing and slight changes in settings. We can use this to check simulation results as we can see the amount of interference that is present. Under legacy CCA conditions, all STAs and APs are SHARING. Now we look at how DSC and Color work. How close to two independent networks do we get? Submission Slide 16 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 DSC and Color DSC STA measures the Beacon signal (wanted DL signal) and sets effective CCA Threshold 20dB lower. (DSC Margin = 20dB) AP sets its effective CCA level at 10dB below the lowest received wanted signal. Color STA/AP looks at color bits in preamble to determine if signal is from same or inter BSS. If not same BSS, ignore signal. (A variation is to only reject if the inter BSS signal is lower than a set threshold) Blocked and Share terminology Blocked Transmission allowed when SNIR < 20dB, then both signals fail. Share Transmission prevented when SNIR < 20dB, standard contention. Submission Slide 17 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 DSC and Color results 4CH example A AP TX Power STA TX Power 20 AP ANT 15 STA ANT 0 -2 Wall 7 UL min -48 UL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs Color Threshold Share -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 DL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs Total 4096 88 Total 4096 SNIR<20 SNIR<20 DSC Margin = 20dB Share 6 6 Color DSC BLOCKED Threshold NO BLOCKED NO BLOCKED 4008 2044 1100 176 0 0 0 BLOCKED -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 3584 2048 1024 0 0 0 3584 2048 1024 0 0 0 0 112 0 0 0 0 0 0 88 88 88 88 88 88 0 0 0 0 0 0 88 88 88 88 88 88 Using a Color threshold can Result in over protection 8 0 0 0 0 8 6 6 6 6 Color and DSC same result for DL. Signals are blocked. Simply reject and correct signals are blocked, but works. Interference from inter BSS AP Color Threshold Share -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 Total 64 2 Interference from Inter BSS AP Total 64 36 SNIR<20 DSC Margin = 20dB Share 2 SNIR<20 BLOCKED Color DSC 64 64 36 28 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 BLOCKED Threshold Share BLOCKED Share BLOCKED 0 -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 64 64 64 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 64 64 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DSC gets it right And shares OBSS signals 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 Submission Slide 18 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 DSC and Color results 4CH example B AP TX Power STA TX Power 20 AP ANT 18 STA ANT 0 -2 Wall 3 UL min -45 UL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs Color Threshold Share -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 -54 DL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs Total 4096 1424 Total 4096 768 SNIR<20 SNIR<20 DSC Margin = 20dB Share 768 Color DSC BLOCKED Threshold Share BLOCKED Share BLOCKED 4096 4096 3412 2720 1318 832 256 18 0 0 0 0 BLOCKED -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 -54 4096 4096 4096 4096 2304 1792 256 0 0 0 0 4096 4096 4096 4096 2304 1792 256 0 0 0 0 0 Using a Color threshold can Result in over protection 40 164 518 750 768 768 88 232 1216 1424 1424 1424 88 232 1216 1424 1424 1424 Color and DSC same result for DL. Signals are blocked. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Simply reject and correct signals are blocked but works. 0 0 Interference from inter BSS AP Color Threshold Share -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 -54 Total 64 22 Interference from Inter BSS AP Total 64 44 SNIR<20 DSC Margin = 20dB Share 22 DSC gets it right And shares OBSS signals SNIR<20 BLOCKED Color DSC 64 64 64 64 36 28 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 BLOCKED Threshold Share BLOCKED Share BLOCKED 0 -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 -54 64 64 64 64 64 64 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 64 64 64 64 64 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 22 22 22 44 44 44 44 44 44 Submission Slide 19 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 DSC and Color Results Comparisons DSC DL Dynamic is in use and each STA sets its own effective CCA level (in this scenario STAs are static, but allows for mobility) In every case, signals Share when the SNIR is <20dB Color UL Setting or finding a threshold level may be a challenge if trying to share rather than block Simplest, and best(?) is to ignore OBSS signal level. BUT result is that this results in blocking. DSC and Color DL Exactly same results. DSC AP could adjust its effective CCA according to latest UL signal from the STA but marginal (if any) improvement in this scenario as AP to AP interference is high. Slide 20 Submission Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Why we are at it, let s look at the 9CH case Under legacy conditions, still 100% overlap, With color or DSC, two totally independent networks Submission Slide 21 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 9 Channel Re-Use 20m AP Layout 9 channels -73dBm -45dBm -82dBm AP to AP -70dBm APs and All STAs are Overlapping Submission Slide 22 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 DSC and Color results 9CH example A AP TX Power STA TX Power 20 AP ANT 15 STA ANT 0 -2 Wall 7 UL min -48 UL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs Color Threshold Share -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 DL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs Total 4096 Total 4096 SNIR<20 0 SNIR<20 DSC Margin = 20dB Share 0 0 Color DSC BLOCKED Threshold NO BLOCKED NO BLOCKED 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BLOCKED -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Totally independent networks Interference from inter BSS AP Color Threshold Share -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 Total 64 0 Interference from Inter BSS AP Total 64 0 SNIR<20 DSC Margin = 20dB Share 0 SNIR<20 BLOCKED Color DSC 24 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BLOCKED Threshold Share BLOCKED Share BLOCKED 0 -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Submission Slide 23 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 DSC and Color results 9CH example B AP TX Power STA TX Power 20 AP ANT 18 STA ANT 0 -2 Wall 3 UL min -45 DL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs Color Threshold Share -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 -54 UL Traffic Interference from inter BSS STAs Total 4096 Total 4096 SNIR<20 0 SNIR<20 DSC Margin = 20dB Share 0 0 Color DSC BLOCKED Threshold Share BLOCKED Share BLOCKED 2498 1098 340 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BLOCKED -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 -54 4096 2560 1536 4096 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4096 2560 1536 4096 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Almost totally independent networks Interference from inter BSS AP Color Threshold Share -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 -54 Total 64 3 Interference from Inter BSS AP Total 64 0 SNIR<20 DSC Margin = 20dB Share 3 SNIR<20 BLOCKED Color DSC 64 40 24 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 BLOCKED Threshold Share BLOCKED Share BLOCKED 0 -72 -70 -68 -66 -64 -62 -60 -58 -56 -54 64 64 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 64 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Submission Slide 24 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 DSC or Color? Color Provides improved OBSS performance UL and DL Will block UL and DL overlapping packets rather than share. Only works if ALL STAs and APs in OBSSs have the feature Will NOT work with legacy OBSS STAs and/or AP. Relies on the OTHER DEVICES having the feature as well DSC Provides improved OBSS performance UL and DL Shares overlapping packets UL, blocks DL Works with OBSS legacy STAs and/or legacy AP Results presented are for the wanted BSS, other BSS can be legacy. DSC is implemented by the STA, can be independent Submission Slide 25 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Discussion Both Color and DSC provide improvements in SR Color will not work until ALL STA/APs have the feature Color is already in the 11ax SFD DSC works and presents a good incentive for a vendor to adopt. Does not rely on other STAs having it. DSC is in the SFD? The amendment shall include one or more mechanisms to improve spatial reuse by allowing adjustments to one or more of the CCA- ED, 802.11 Signal Detect CCA, OBSS_PD or TXPWR threshold values. The constraints on selecting threshold values are TBD As the threshold value setting is TBD, is present SFD text sufficient to allow DSC text to be proposed/accepted? DSC proposes a specific (dynamic) method to select the threshold value. Submission Slide 26 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
Mar 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/0212r4 Conclusion DSC is a simple but powerful scheme that increases Spatial Reuse. Improvements using DSC do not rely on all devices having DSC. STRAW POLL Text describing DSC may be considered for inclusion into the 11ax Amendment. Y/N/A Submission Slide 27 Graham Smith, SR Technologies
